Making or having, &c. coining tools, &c.] "If any person shall knowingly, and without lawful authority (the proof of which authority shall lie on the party accused), make or mend or begin or proceed to make or mend, or buy or sell, or shall, knowingly and without lawful excuse (the proof of which excuse shall lie on the party accused), have in his custody or possession, any puncheon, counter-puncheon, matrix, stamp, die, pattern or mould, in or upon which there shall be made or impressed, or which will make or impress, or which shall be intended to make or impress, the figure, stamp, or apparent resemblance of both or either of the sides of any of the King's current gold or silver coin, or any part or parts of both or either of such sides; or if any person shall, without lawful authority (the proof whereof shall lie on the party accused) make or mend, or begin or proceed to make or mend, or buy or sell, or shall, without lawful excuse (the proof whereof shall lie on the party accused), have in his custody or possession, any edger, edging tool, collar, instrument, or engine adapted and intended for the marking of coin round the edges with letters, grainings, or other marks or figures apparently resembling those on the edges of any of the King's current gold or silver coin, such person knowing the same to be so adapted and intended as aforesaid; or if any person shall, without lawful authority, to be proved as aforesaid, make or mend, or begin or proceed to make or mend, or buy or sell, or shall, without lawful excuse, to be proved as aforesaid, have in his custody or possession, any press for coinage, or any cutting engine for cutting by force of a screw or of any other contrivance round blanks out of gold, silver, or other metal, such person knowing such press to be a press for coinage, or knowing such engine to have been used or to be intended to be used for or in order to the counterfeiting of any of the King's current gold or silver coin:" felony, transportation for life or not less than seven years, or imprisonment with or without hard labour for not more than four years. Id. s. 10. And if a party procure an innocent agent to make any such tools, such party is guilty as a principal, and may be indicted as such. R. v. Bannen, Car. & K. 295.

Conveying tools, &c. out of the mint.] "If any person shall, without lawful authority (the proof whereof shall lie upon the party accused), knowingly convey out of any of His Majesty's mints any puncheon, counter-puncheon, matrix, stamp, die, pattern, mould, edger, edging tool, collar, instrument, press, or engine, used or employed in or about the coining of coin, or any useful part of any of the several matters aforesaid, or any coin, bullion, metal or mixture of metals:" felony, transportation for life or for not less than seven years, or imprisonment

with or without hard labour for not more than four years. Id. s. 11.

Search warrant for such coin, tools, &c.] If any person shall find or discover any false or counterfeit coin, or any instrument, &c. intended for the counterfeiting of such coin, such person shall seize and carry the same forthwith before some justice of the peace; and "where it shall be proved, on the oath of a credible witness before any justice of the peace, that there is a reasonable cause to suspect that any person has been concerned in counterfeiting the King's current gold, silver, or copper coin, or has in his custody or possession any such counterfeit coin, or any instrument, tool, or engine whatsoever, adapted and intended for the counterfeiting of any such coin, it shall be lawful for such justice, by warrant under his hand, to cause any place whatsoever belonging to or in the occupation or under the control of such suspected person to be searched, either in the day or night; and if any such counterfeit coin, or any such instrument, tool, or engine shall be found in any place so searched, to cause the same to be seized and carried forthwith before the said justice, or some other justice of the peace; and wherever any such counterfeit coin, or any such instrument, tool, or engine as aforesaid, shall in any case whatever be seized and carried before a justice of the peace, he shall cause the same to be secured, for the purpose of being produced in evidence against any person who may be prosecuted for any offence against this act." Id. s. 14.

No traverse in misdemeanors.] Persons against whom any bill of indictment shall be found for any misdemeanor against this act, shall not be entitled to traverse the same to any subsequent assizes or sessions, unless they show good cause, to be allowed by the court, for the postponement of the trial. Id. s. 16.

Evidence of coin being counterfeit.] "Where, upon the trial of any person charged with any offence against this act, it shall be necessary to prove that any coin, produced in evidence against such person, is false or counterfeit, it shall not be necessary to prove the same to be false and counterfeit by the evidence of the moneyer or other officer of His Majesty's mint, but it shall be sufficient to prove the same to be false or counterfeit by the evidence of any other credible witness." Id. s. 17.

Accessories, &c.] Principals in the second degree, and accessories before the fact, shall be punishable in the same manner as the principal in the first degree; and accessories after the

fact shall be liable to be imprisoned for not more than two years.

Id. s. 18.

COLLIERY.

See "Burning," "Larceny," "Malicious Injuries."

COMBINATION.

Forcing a workman to leave work, &c.] "If any person shall, -by violence to the person or property, or by threats or intimidation, or by molesting or in any way obstructing another,force or endeavour to force any journeyman, manufacturer, workman, or other person, hired or employed in any manufacture, trade, or business, to depart from his hiring, employment, or work, or to return his work before the same shall be finished, or prevent or endeavour to prevent any journeyman, manufacturer, workman, or other person, not being hired or employed, from hiring himself to, or from accepting work or employment from any person or persons:" imprisonment, with or without hard labour, for not more than three calendar months. 6 G. 4, c. 129, s. 3.

To prove this offence, the prosecutor must prove

1. The violence, threats, intimidation, molesting or obstructing charged.

2. If from this, it do not sufficiently appear that the defendant thereby intended to force the workman to depart from his employment, or to prevent him from hiring himself, &c., as charged, facts must be proved from which it may fairly be implied.

3. That the workman did in consequence depart from his employment, or did not hire himself, if that, and not merely the endeavour, be charged in the information.

at

Conviction:-Of having, on by threats and intimidations, that is to say, by [here state the particulars], endeavoured to force one C. D., a journeyman carpenter, who was then and there hired and employed by one E. F., in the trade of a carpenter as aforesaid, to depart from his said hiring and employment, contrary to the Act, &c.

Forcing a workman to belong to a club, &c.]

"If any person

shall use or employ violence to the person or property of another, or threats or intimidation, or shall molest or in any way obstruct another,—for the purpose of forcing or inducing such person to belong to any club or association, or to contribute to any common fund, or to pay any fine or penalty,—or on account of his not belonging to any particular club or association, or not having contributed or having refused to contribute to any common fund, or to pay any fine or penalty,― or on account of his not having complied or of his refusing to comply with any rules, orders, resolutions, or regulations made to obtain an advance, or to reduce the rate of wages, or to lessen or alter the hours of working, or to decrease or alter the quantity of work, or to regulate the mode of carrying on any manufacture, trade, or business, or the management thereof:" imprisonment, with or without hard labour, for not more than three calendar months. 6 G. 4, c. 129, s. 3.

To prove this offence, the prosecutor may prove

1. The violence, threats, molestation or obstruction charged. 2. The purpose or account for which the violence, threats, &c. were offered; and if this does not appear sufficiently from the preceding evidence of the violence, &c., facts must be proved from which it may fairly be implied.

Conviction:-Of having, on, at —, used and employed threats and intimidation to one C. D., a carpenter, by [here set out the threats], for the purpose of then and there forcing and inducing the said C. D. to belong to a certain club and association called ~, contrary to the Act, &c.

Forcing a master to alter his mode of trade, &c.] "If any person shall,-by violence to the person or property of another, or by threats or intimidation, or by molesting or in any way obstructing another,-force or endeavour to force any manufacturer or person carrying on any trade or business,-to make any alteration in his mode of regulating, managing, conducting, or carrying on such manufacture, trade, or business,-or to limit the number of his apprentices, or the number or description of his journeymen, workmen, or servants:" imprisonment, with or without hard labour, for not more than three calendar months. 6 G. 4, c. 129, s. 3.

To prove this offence, the prosecutor must prove

1. The violence, threats, intimidation, molestation or obstruction charged.

2. If from this, it do not sufficiently appear that the defendant thereby intended to force the manufacturer to alter his mode of carrying on his business, or to limit the number of his apprentices, &c., as charged, facts must be proved from which this may fairly be implied.

3. That the manufacturer was thereby forced to alter his mode of carrying on his business, or to limit the number of

his apprentices, &c., if that, and not merely the endeavour, be charged in the information.

Conviction:-Of having, on, at, by threats and intimidation, that is to say, by [here state the particulars], endeavoured to force one C. D., who then and there carried on the trade and business of to [limit the number of his apprentices to two, or as the case may be], contrary to the Act, &c.

What the Act permits.] This Act shall not extend to persons who shall meet together for the sole purpose of consulting upon and determining the rate of wages or prices which the persons present at such meeting, or any of them, shall require or demand for his or their work, or the hours or time for which he or they shall work in any manufacture, trade, or business, or who shall enter into any agreement, verbal or written, among themselves, for the purpose of fixing the rate of wages or prices which the parties entering into such agreement, or any of them, shall require or demand for his or their work, or the hours or time for which he or they will work, in any manufacture, trade or business. Id. 2. 4.

Also this Act shall not extend to persons who shall meet together for the sole purpose of consulting upon and determining the rate of wages or prices which the persons present at such meeting, or any of them, shall pay to his or their journeymen, workmen, or servants for their work, or the hours or time of working in any manufacture, trade, or business, or who shall enter into any agreement, verbal or written, among themselves, for the purpose of fixing the rate of wages or prices, which the parties entering into such agreement, or any of them, shall pay to his or their journeymen, workmen, or servants for their work, or the hours or time of working in any manufacture, trade, or business. Id. 8. 5.

Proceedings for offences.] On complaint and information on oath before any one or more justice or justices of the peace, within six calendar months after the offence committed, such justice or justices shall summon the person charged, to appear before any two such justices, at a certain time or place to be specified; and if he shall not appear according to such summons, then such justices (upon proof on oath of the due service thereof, by delivering the same to him personally, or leaving it at his usual place of abode twenty-four hours at least previously), shall issue their warrant for apprehending and bringing him before such justices; or such justices, instead of issuing the summons, may issue their warrant for apprehending and bringing him before them; and upon his appearing upon such summons, or being brought by virtue of such warrant before such justices, or upon proof on oath of such