363. W. ARCHER. "Certain improvements in Jacquard machines." Dated Feb. 9, 1859. table juices or extracts." (A communication.) Dated | of the interior of one cylinder to another, and are Feb. 9, 1859. fitted with pistons and piston-rods, which work This consists, 1, in effecting the ascent of one This consists in the use of some highly oxidised through stuffing-boxes in the bottom of the vessel. "griff" and the descent of another simultaneously by substances, such as the peroxides of manganese and The lifting chains are attached to the outer ends of a toothed pinion situated between the two griffs, and iron, either artificial or natural, or the carbonates of the piston-rods by which arrangement the strain will taking into a rack upon each griff, the pinion being these bases. Patent completed. be equal on each. One or more of these pontoons are caused to partake of the required reciprocating semi- 371. E. HERRING. "Improvements in the mash-placed side by side, and attached together by strong circular motion by the ordinary means, so as to lifting and fermenting of grain for the production of beams, on which a deck can be laid, and a mast or one griff and lower the other by the same semi-circular alcohol." Dated Feb. 9, 1859. masts rigged for sailing them from place to place. movement of the pinion. 2. In so connecting a helical When these pontoons are to be brought into op raor other spring with the "batten," that upon any tion, by allowing the floating valves in the bottom to wrong working of the machine the said spring shall work, the water will enter the vessel, and cause it to . yield to the extra pressure and prevent breakage of sink to the wreck; &c., the lifting chains being made the machine. 3. In mounting the blades in the griffs fast to the object required to be lifted, are then atupon pivots or centres at each end, upon which they tached to the ends of the hydraulic piston-rods. The may vibrate, so as to allow them to yield to the wire water is then forced from the interior of the pontoon hooks. Patent abandoned. through the openings of the floating valves by atmospheric air forced therein through a pipe from the surface by an air pump, which is worked on board an attendant vessel. Patent completed. 364. H. JEFFERIES. "An improvement in castors." Dated Feb. 9, 1859. Within a socket or collar of metal, a cup of glass, earthenware, or steel is fitted in an inverted position; into this cup a sphere of wood is placed, and is secured in its position by a ring screwed or otherwise fixed over it, but so as to allow of the sphere turning freely within its cup. When the castor is in use the sphere rests on the surface, supporting the piece of furniture of which the castor forms part, and when the piece of furniture is moved the sphere turns and allows it to run freely. Patent abandoned. 365. J. CROSSLEY. "Improvements in the means employed when cleaning printed yarns." Dated Feb. 0, 1859. According to a patent granted to the inventor August 21, 1856, zinc or metal plates placed between the supports to the yarns are employed for catching the droppings of the colours of one set of yarns from falling into and mixing with colours of the yarns below. Now, the first part of the present invention is to obviate the condensation of steam underneath the plates. For this purpose these plates are so formed as to admit of the introduction into the inside thereof of steam or other heating media, which serves to keep the plates constantly hot, and so prevent condensed steam gathering underneath the plates, and thereby dropping the yarns below. The invention consists, secondly, when steaming printed yarn, in the use of troughs placed underneath the cradles, such troughs containing water heated to a great degree, and the steam arising from the hot water passes at once through the yarn placed on trays immediately above it, thus fixing the colours of the yarn, and the steam then passes away out at the top of the chamber, and carries away with it the impure gases arising from the colouring matter. The outer framework of the cradle frames is made of cast-iron. Patent completed. Improvements in self-acting mules for spinning and doubling." Dated Feb. 9, 1859. 366. J. TAYLOR and C. WILD. 66 Here the spindles, carriages, and fallers, and the drawing rollers, are of ordinary arrangement. The spindles are driven from a "rim pulley" in the first motion shaft; the carriage is drawn out and taken in by bands, drums, and scroll drums, similar to those used in ordinary mules. On the completion of each stretch, the belt is traversed from the fast to the loose driving pulley; the taking-out motion is put out of gear, and the backing-off motion is put into gear by the direct action of the carriage on suitable levers. We cannot give space to the details of the invention. Patent abandoned. 367. J. H. JOHNSON. "Improvements in firearms. (A communication.) Dated Feb. 9, 1859. This relates to self-primers for fire-arms, and appertains more particularly to that class of self-primers where the magazine is contained in the hammer of the lock of the fire-arm. It consists in so arranging the parts that the person using the arm can always see at a glance whether his magazine contains primers or not, without the trouble of taking the whole to pieces for that purpose. Patent completed. 388. G. BoWER. "Improvements in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating gas." Dated Feb. 9, 1859. The specification of this invention is too elaborate for us to quote it at sufficient length for an intelligible abstract. Patent completed. 369. J. E. McCONNELL. "Improvements in steam boilers, and in the generation and treatment of steam.' Dated Feb. 9, 1859. This consists, 1, in so arranging and fitting up the tubes of steam boilers that the heated current of gaseous matter passing through them may be effectually commingled and applied to the tube surface. 2. In a mode of superheating steam. Patent completed. 370. W. E. NEWTON. "An improved mode of bleaching and purifying or refining sugar and vege This consists in adding to the mashes of unmalted or malted grain a carbonated or a caustic alkali (to be neutralised or not at pleasure), firstly, for the solution of the gluten, and, secondly, for the entire preservation of the works from the formation of acetic acid, and for the neutralisation of the existing lactic acid, which latter may be liberated at pleasure by the addition of an acid (muriatic being preferable), forming the neutral muriate of soda or common salt in small quantity, restoring the lactic acid in its original quantity, and generating carbonic acid, and consequently virgin fermentation. Patent completed. 372. W. E. NEWTON. "Certain improvements in breech-loading fire-arms, and in cartridges to be used in such fire-arms." (A communication.) Dated Feb. 9, 1859. This relates to the construction of the breech and chamber of fire-arms, and to the mode of opening the chamber to receive a cartridge, by which, with the use of a cartridge case made of some impermeable and elastic substance, such case is made to serve as a packing to make the breech-joint perfectly tight when the explosion of the charge takes place. It also relates to the means of locking the barrel and breech together to keep the breech-point close, and to the means of unlocking these parts. Patent com pleted. 373. H. P. Burt. "Improvements in railway carriages and waggons." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This consists in applying to the axles or wheels of railway carriages a wheel and pinion, or a wheel and screw, or a chain wheel and pinion, or a friction wheel and pinion, or other contrivance for multiplying power. There are handles or hand-wheels or ratchet handles to the same, by turning or moving which a carriage may be stopped or started with facility Patent completed. 374. J. YOUNG. "An improvment or improvements in the construction of knobs and the roses used for connecting knobs with doors, and with the cases of locks and latches, and other like fastenings." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 375. J. G. TAYLOR. "Improvements in writing materials, and the manufacture thereof." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This comprises various improvements in inkstands, pencils, pens, penholders, and brushes for cleaning pens, the details of which are too voluminous to be quoted here. Patent abandoned. 376. W. A. COVERT. "An improved self-acting railway switch." (A communication.) Dated Feb. 10, 1859. Here the engine and tender and the last carriage of each train are provided with two small rollers capable of being raised up or lowered by the driver or guard, and so connected together that the depressing of the roller on one side shall cause the raising of that on the other side. If the engineer desires the train to run off on to a siding at the right hand of the main line, or otherwise to diverge to the right before reaching the points, he depresses the right hand roller. As the engine approaches the points, this roller coming against the inclined plane, will thrust the moveable rail on that side outwards, and by means of the cross bar draw the switches into the required position. The projection on the cross bar gears into a peculiar form of locking cam, consisting of a circular plate provided with a notch and two projecting fingers or catches, and capable of turning on a pin on the tie connecting the switches, which prevents the switches from being moved by any other agency than the action of the moveable rails. By the use of this switch the necessity for employing pointsmen is entirely dispensed with. Patent completed. 377. R. J. ELLIS. "Improvements in apparatus for lifting sunken vessels and other submerged bodies." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This consists of one or more cylindrical or other shaped vessels of large capacity. Each vessel has two or more floating ball valves which open inwardly, and a large spring valve or valves which open out. wardly when the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure. These pontoons are fitted internally with a number of hydraulic cylinders placed in a longitudinal line with the floating and spring valves. These hydraulic cylinders are connected together by pipes which form passages for water from the bottom 378. G. L. STOCKS. "Improvements in steering apparatuses." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 379. H. INGER. "The improvement of blinkers used by horses whilst drawing, to be called the Patent Safety Blinker.'" (A communication.) Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent abandoned. 380. B. BURROWS. "Improvements in looms for weaving narrow fabrics." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This consists, 1, in so arranging the various parts of the loom employed that the same loom may be used to produce, opposite each rod or slay, or opening in the batten, either a fabric having the wefts of two shuttles, one on one side and the other on the other side, or two fabrics of lesser width, each having the weft of only one shuttle introduced therein. 2. In arranging such descriptions of looms in sections or parts, all capable of being worked together as an ordinary loom. Patent completed. 381. C. L. PERRY. "An agricultural implement for paring and ploughing land." Dated Feb. 10, 1859. This consists of a framing supporting two, three, or more instruments of the kind commonly employed for paring or skim ploughing land, the said instru ments being so arranged as to be capable of being raised and lowered at will. Patent abandoned. 382. M. BILLING and W. KLOEN. "A method of, and apparatus for, decolourising tea." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This consists in exposing the tea to the action of steam. Patent abandoned." 383. J. EVANS. "An improvement in Hansom cabs." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. Instead of connecting the scroll ends on the front part of the floor of the cab to the shafts by rigid iron stays, the patentee connects them thereto by springs of steel or other suitable metal, the tail end of the said springs being attached to scroll loops or other connections fixed upon the under side of the shafts. The back stay connecting the floor of the cab to the heel of the shaft, instead of being rigid, is furnished with a butt hinge joint at or near its centre, having only a very slight amount of movement, but still sutficient to allow of the play necessary for the full development of the invention. Patent completed. 384. J. PARKINSON. "A certain improvement in coffins." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This consists in manufacturing coffins of glass. Patent abandoned. 385. N. BENNETT. "Improvements in the construction of brooms or brushes for sweeping or cleansing streets, roads, and thoroughfares, also ap plicable to domestic purposes." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. The inventor lengthens the heads and forms them of one half the width, so as not to increase their weight, but as the handle (if placed in the centre) would be found awkward in the hands of the operator, he proposes forming it Y shaped, either in pieces, or by splitting the handle about one third of its length, inserting each of the prongs in the broom-head about one-third distance from each end thereof. As in decreasing the width of the broom head now in use the power of resistance would be lessened, he proposes, so as to obtain sufficient resistance, that the bone, &c., whereof the brush is composed shall be of different strengths and sizes, and that the lesser size should be placed in that part of the broom-head farthest from the operator. Patent abandoned. 386. H. BRUCE. Improvements in apparatus for the manufacture of paper." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This relates to a mode of manufacturing paper so that the web as it leaves the paper-making or airdrying machine is coated with a mixture, in which way papers of every shade of colour may be made, and the web may be coated upon one or both sides. It is then dried, and subjected to the glazing process which produces an enamelled paper. Patent completed. 387. G. HYDE. "A pen for producing a copy or copies of a letter or other writing simultaneously with the production of the original." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. The inventor employs a pen of extreme hardness or rigidity, so that when writing upon paper with ordinary ink, having beneath the paper carbonic or similar transferring medium, and under that medium paper intended for the copy, an exact copy of the writing will be produced. Patent abandoned. 388. R. COGAN. "Improved instruments for crushing and mixing solid and liquid substances." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 389. H. A. BARTLETT. "Improvements in machinery to be used with or without the plough for clearing and cleaning land from weeds." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This invention consists, as applied to a plough, of a framework extending lengthwise beyond the ground iron, and vertically to the shafts or handles. This framework has attached to it a driving wheel, which gives motion to a shaft or drum from which pegs or teeth project, and in their revolution take up the weeds. These teeth come in contact with another drum or roller provided with rakes, pegs, or teeth, for freeing the first of weeds. Patent abandoned. 390. C. JACKSON. "Improvements in the action of pianofortes." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. In order to obtain the escapement of the fly or hopper the patentee fixes to the front of it at right angles, or nearly so, a straight projecting piece, the end of which comes underneath a stop carried by a stem fixed in the block on which the fly or hopper is mounted. This stop is adjustable by a screw, and by it the fly or hopper can be arranged to escape at the proper time from the hammer or other instrument on which it acts. Below the projection from the fly or hopper he sometimes places another adjustable stop, also mounted on the block carrying the hopper. This second stop is employed in substitution of the rail ordinarily used to prevent the flys or hoppers from falling farther from the hammers or instruments on which they act than is necessary. Patent completed. 391. J. GRIMES. "Improvements in beer-engines." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This consists in applying to beer-engines cooling cylinders, such cylinders being surrounded with ice, and through which cylinders the beer, &c., is caused to pass after it leaves the pump cylinder, and before it passes to the cock or spout by which it is drawn off. Patent completed. cast, and then a founderer's flask is prepared, in which a pattern is moulded, and in so much of the space which represents the shank the prepared shank before described is placed, and into the hollow in the sand or loam left for the head the melted iron is run in, which, uniting with the burred shank, completes the bolt, &c. Patent abandoned. 397. J. CRABTREE. "Improvements in the manufacture of bobbins and spools." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. The object here is to form bobbins and spools of paper or cardboard, by which economy of cost and room, with considerable reduction of weight, are obtained. The inventor describes special apparatus for the purpose. Patent abandoned. 398. S. H. HUNTLY. "Improvements in cooking apparatus." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This consists of a combined cooking apparatus, by which the process of roasting, baking, steaming, and boiling may be carried on simultaneously. Patent completed. 399. T. WHITE and G. JENKINS. "Improvements in apparatus for raising and lowering ships along inclined slips." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of hydrostatic apparatus, whereby a continuous heaving action is obtained in raising or lowering ships from or into the water along an inclined slip. Patent completed. 400. J. and J. BENNETT. "An improvement in refrigerators for cooling beer and worts." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. The object here is to obtain an extensive cooling surface in a refrigerator of a limited size. It consists in fitting two or more tiers of pipes in the refrige. rator, and in connecting four or more of these pipes with the cold-water main, so arranged that the whole may be cleaned without difficulty. Patent completed. 401. G., G. W., and J. BETJEMANN. "Improve. ments in book slides." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This consists in fitting vulcanized caoutchouc or other springs to the underpart of the bottom of slides, in such manner that the side supports shall always return to the position from whence they have been drawn upon the extra book or books being taken from the slide. To ensure the action of the springs the patentees fix rollers at or near the outer end of the under part of the travelling slabs or of the flaps. These rollers prevent the slabs being pressed down out of the level with the bottom of the grooves in which the slabs travel, by the weight of the books which may be placed upon them. Patent completed. 402. W. G. RAWBONE. "Improvements in firearms and ordnance." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This consists in the formation of an elongated breech chamber, for the reception of the powder, of less diameter than that of the bore of the barrel, and in forming an annular shoulder in the front of this chamber for the projectile to rest upon, and thereby prevent the powder being compressed by the projectile being rammed down thereon. Patent abandoned. 403. G. T. BOUSFIELD. "Improvements in reviviembroidery, in use for military and other garments and furniture." (A communication) Dated Feb. 12, 1859. 392. H. RANSFORD. "An improvement in building ships and other vessels." Dated Feb. 11, 1859. This consists in constructing each ship or vessel wider at the floor than at the water line, the fore and aft parts below the water-line being modified accord-fying the scarlet colour of woollen cloth, lace, and ingly. Patent abandoned. 393. G. HADWEN and J. WADSWORTH. "Improvements in Jacquard apparatus applicable to powerlooms." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This consists in employing two card cylinders, and two sets of hooks and needles, two needle boards, and two spring boxes, both sets of hooks and needles being united to one harness by double neck-bands. The patentees cause each cylinder to work half the number of cards of the pattern. Patent completed. 391 H. LEA. Improvements in changing or reversing motion." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent abandoned. 395. T. WILLIS and G. CHELL. "Improvements in machinery for spinning, twisting, doubling, and winding yarns and threads." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This relates to a previous patent, and consists in employing revolving friction discs for imparting motion to the bobbins or spindles, which discs serve as pressers for building the yarn or thread on to the bbbins or spindles, or the discs may be used for driving the bobbins or spindles, while the building of the yarn or thread on the bobbins or spindles is effected by pressers of the usual construction; also in varying the speed of the bobbins or spindles and yarn guides according to the increasing diameter of the yarn or thread wound on the bobbins. Patent completed. 306. C. R. MOATE. "Improvements in the manufacture of nuts, screw.bolts, spikes, and other headed fastenings." (A communication.) Dated Feb. 12, 1859. This consists, under one head, in causing the shanks of headed fastenings to be burred or upset so as to cause a swell on the part on which the head is to be To restore the wool to its original scarlet colour it is necessary only to apply the following composition:citric acid, 300 grains; carbonate of potash, 150 grains; water, 7,500 grains. The citric acid is dissolved separately in 4,500 grains of water, and the carbonate of potash in 3,000 grains of water, after having first pounded each of these substances separately in a mortar to facilitate the solution. When the solution of each of these substances is complete the whole is mixed together; there is then obtained 7,500 grains of liquid composition suitable for restoring the colour of scarlet wool. Patent abandoned. 404. H. GARDNER. "Improvements in machinery for breaking and preparing flax and other fibres." Dated Feb. 12, 1859. The patentee employs four breaking or crimping rollers arranged together in a frame. One of the rollers is placed in the centre, and the other three are ranged around and kept up to it by springs. The flax, straw. &c., is fed to the machine between the centre and the top roller; it afterwards passes between the centre roller and the two other rollers, and is brought back to and delivered on the same side of the machine as it was fed into it. The fibre as it passes from these rollers is caused to pass through a series of small grooved or plain rollers arranged in pairs, the upper and lower roller of each pair being pressed towards each other by springs. These rollers are mounted in two separate frames, each frame carrying every alternate pair. One of the frames has an up and down motion communicated to it by a crank and connecting rod, or otherwise, and the rollers are thus caused so to rub the fibre as to make the woody parts of the straw already broken by the larger rollers to fall out. Patent completed. 405. R. BELL. Improvements in separating and recovering wool from fabrics composed of wool, or wool in connection with cotton and other vegetable substances.". Dated Feb. 12, 1859. The patentee takes muriate of manganese, such as is ordinarily obtained as a residuum in the manufacture of bleaching powder, in which state it is mixed more or less with chloride of iron. The rags, composed of rags and vegetable fibre, such as cotton or flax, are steeped in a solution of the above muriate of manganese, which rots or decomposes the vegetable and leaves uninjured the animal fibre therein. The two are then separated by processes well known. Patent completed. 1806. M. A. F. Mennons. A system of columns or monuments to be employed as sentry boxes, branch post and other offices, telegraph and fire-engine sta tions. (A communication.) Dated Aug. 13, 1859. 1869. R. D. Clegg and T. Saunders. Improvements in locks. Dated Aug. 23, 1859. 1926. W. H. Hill. An improvement in the manu. facture of boxes or cases, and in fastenings for the same. 1928. W. Hollins and F. Hyde. Improvements in power looms for weaving, part of which improvements is also applicable to other machines driven by power. 1930. T. Richardson. Improvements in treating copper ores. Dated Aug. 24, 1859. 1931. G. Pearson. Improved machinery for manufacturing boots and shoes. 1933. J. Henry and J. E. H. Andrew. Improvements in looms for weaving. 1934. J. Blake. Improvements in steam and vacuum gauges. 1935. D. Russell and J. Russell. Improving the means of docking and lifting ships out of the water for the purpose of examining and cleaning their bottoms, effecting any necessary repairs, fixing new screw propeller, rudder, raising sunken vessels, or any thing else for which it is desirable to get at any portion of a vessel generally under water. 1936. T. Briggs. Improvements in the manufacture of tarpauling. 1937. J. Murray. Improvements in the preparation and bottling or preserving of carbonated cod liver oil and other aerated liquids. 1938. C. T. Judkins. Improvements in sewing machines. Dated Aug. 25, 1859. 1939. H. Smith and T. W. Ashby. An improved construction of harrow. (A communication.) 1940. L. Perkins. Improvements in mills (A communication.) 1941. A. P. Chamberlain. Improvements in mamachinery or apparatus for cutting cork, part of which improvements is also applicable to cutting paper, caoutchouc, and other substances. Dated Aug. 26, 1859. 1943. J. Furrell. A lock protector, consisting of an adhesive shield or cover to be placed over the keyhole of a lock for the purpose of ensuring that any access to the interior of the lock shall be readily detected. 1945. T. Bird. Improvements in castors. chinery or apparatus for carding cotton, wool, and 1946. J. M. Hetherington. Improvements in maother fibrous materials. 1947. H. Grundt. Improvements in life-boats. 1948. W. MacLellan. Improvements in rolling or shaping iron for railway spikes and other purposes. 1949. C. T. Boutet. A new mechanical mill proper for milling every sort of grains, dried or torrefied, such as coffee and cocoa. Dated Aug. 27, 1859. 1950. C. Hanson. An improvement in the chronometer escapement of a watch. 1951. F. Wrigley. Certain improvements in the construction of the permanent way of railways. 1952. J. R. Rostron. Improvements in furnace bars. 1953. W. H. Balmain. Improvements in the manufacture of glass, and other vitrified substances. 1954. T. Craven. Improvements in ball cocks or valves. 1955. G. Bell. Improvements in reaping and mowing machines. 1956. J. Heckethorn. Improvements in candles and wicks, also in lamps or candlesticks for using with the same. 1958. E. Rettig. Improvements in the form and construction of anchors. (Partly a communication.) Dated Aug. 29, 1859. 1960. T. Meriton. Improvements in governors for regulating the speed of marine and other engines and machinery. 1961. C. Kerman. An apparatus to prevent the sinking of vessels through leakage, for lifting and floating vessels off when stranded, and for raising and floating sunken vessels. 1962. J. R. Howarth. Certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for calendering and finishing textile fabrics or other surfaces. 1963. W. Clark. Certain improvements in sewing and stitching by machinery. (A communication.) 1965. D. Todd. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for carding and treating or preparing fibrous materials. 1966. B. Baugh. Certain improved machinery or mechanical arrangements for raising or giving form to articles formed of sheet metal, such as knobs, thimbles, ferrules, and parts of umbrella and parasol furniture, button shells, and other such like small articles. 1967. G. S. Fleming. A head-rest, suitable for keeping the head in a comfortable position in travelling, sitting, or lying down. Dated Aug. 30, 1859. 1969. J. B. Barnes and J. Loach. Certain improvements in oars for impelling boats, as also in the rowlocks in which they work. 1971. J. Hare. Improvements in pianofortes. 1975. C. and J. Chambers. Improvements in apparatus for sawing staves and other forms of wood." 1768. A. B. Seithen. Cases, hampers, &c. 1770. H. J. Newcombe. Warming buildings. 1812. W. R. Drake. Telegraphing and sounding. (A communication.) 1848. J. Waite. Making infusions. 1896. S. Beardmore. Electric batteries. 1915. W. A. Vérel. Manure. 1919. Hon. W. Talbot. Cigar lighter. 1965. D. Todd. Carding fibrous materials. 2032. J. J. Sieber. Power looms. (A communication.) The full titles of the patents in the above list can be ascertained by referring back to their numbers in the list of provisional protections previously published. Opposition can be entered to the granting of a patent to any of the parties in the above list who have given notice of their intention to proceed, within twenty-one days from the date of the Gazette in which the notice appears, by leaving at the Commissioners' office particulars in writing of the objection to the application. 1977. R. F. and E. Drury. Improvements in vices. PATENTS ON WHICH THE THIRD YEAR'S STAMP PATENT APPLIED FOR WITH COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. 2032. J. J. Sieber. Improvements in power looms. (A communication.) Dated Sept. 6, 1859. NOTICES OF INTENTION TO PROCEED WITH PATENTS. (From the London Gazette, Sept. 13, 1859.) 1093. A. Jumelais. Obtaining power. 1091. J. Ferguson and J. McGaveny. Fasteners. 1097. J. Basford. Expressing clay through dies. 1102. C. Nuttall. Grinding wire cards. 1103. F. W. Emerson. Treating ores. 1114. E. W. Scale. Railway-signals. 1128. E. T. Hughes. Sheet iron. (A communication.) 1131. H. Reynolds. Refining sugar. 1119. M. Henry. Fastenings. (A communication.) 1157. J. Ramsbottom. Printing fabrics. 1170. M. Defries. Regulating the pressure of gas. 1174. M. Henry. Heating and supplying air. (A communication.) 1176. W. O. Bourne. Separating substances of different specific gravities. 1185. W. Spence. Knapsacks. (A communication.) 1188. J. B. Lyall and F. W. Campin. Omnibuses. 1214. S. C. Sheard. Fire-bars. 1223. J. Brown, jun. Buffers and springs. 1242. R. Wilson. Hydraulic machinery. 1257. W. II. Perkin and M. Gray. Mordanting and dyeing. 1278. J. C. Fisher. Paints and varnishes. 1305. W. H. Nevill. Steel and wrought iron. 1430. G. Smith. Hat bands. 1540. A. V. Newton. Cutting corks. (A com. munication.) 1567. B. Standen. Deodorizing fecal matters. 1628. J. H. Johnson. Shaping metals. (A communication.) 2129. A. Chaplin. 2130. A. D. Bishop. 2140. J. Elliott. 2144. R. Peyton. 2149. C. Hill. 2150. S. C. Lister. 2165. G. T. Bousfield. LIST OF SPECIFICATIONS, &c., Published during the week ending Sept. 9, 1859. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. No. Pr. NOTE. Specifications will be forwarded by post from the Great Seal Patent Office (publishing department) on receipt of the amount of price and postage. Sums exceeding 5s. must be remitted by Post Office Order, made payable at the Post Office, IIigh Holborn, to Mr. Bennet Woodcroft, Great Seal Patent Office. particulars, on application to Mr. Morgan, surveyor to RESERVOIR EMBANKMENT, &c., Halliwell, near Bolton,- LIGHTHOUSE LANTHERN, Trinity House.-For the Dunge COAST-GUARD STATION, Ireland.-At Clontarf, in the County CHURCH WORK, Ireland.-For repairing and painting externally the churches of St. George (Belfast), Kilcouriold (Ballymena); St. Matthew, Lisburn (Broomhedge); all County Antrim. Loughgilly and Middleton, County Armagh. Ballycawley, County Tyrone. For repairing the churches of Drumachose (Newtownlimavady) County Derry. Fahau Lower (Buncrana), County Donegal. And Ross, County Mayo. All according to specifications, with the resident ministers of the parishes. Tenders to Ecclesiastical Commissioners for Ireland, 21 Upper Merrion-street, Dublin, Sept. 23. CHURCH RESTORATION, Hemel Hampstead.-Plans, Mr. White, vicar's churchwarden, and office of Mr. Christian, 10 Whitehall-place. Tenders to Sept. 26th. WORKHOUSE, East Grinstead.-For the erection of a new union workhouse, at East Grinstead, Sussex. Drawings, specifications, quantities, Messrs. Peck and Stevens, High-street, Maidstone. Tenders to Mr. W. Head, clerk to guardians, East Grinstead, Sept. 22. CHAPEL, Southport.-Drawings and specifications at office of the architects, Messrs. Hayley and Son, Cross-street, Manchester. Tenders to Sept. 20th. SCHOOLS, Neath Abbey.-Plans for alteration of the British schools, at office of the Neath Abbey Iron Company, or of Mr. Richardson, C.E., Queen-street, Neath. Tenders to Sept. 21st. SCHOOLROOM, &c., Christchurch, Hants.-Plans and information at the Royal Engineer's office, Gosport. Tenders to Sept. 19th. TOWN-HALL, Newcastle-under-Lyme.-Plans for remodelling, copies of quantities, and other information at offices of Messrs. Ward and Son, architects, Hanley. Tenders to Sept. 24th. MANAGER OF COPPER AND IRON WORKS.-The office of resident manager of the coal, iron, copper, smelting, and tin-plate works, at Crom Avon, in South Wales, belonging to the Governor and Company of Copper Miners in England, will become vacant in a few months, A deputy manager is also required. Similar previous occupation necessary. Application to the Court of Assistants, 10 New Broad-street Mews, London, Charles Frewer, Secretary. TRAVELLER. For engineering tools. Address, stating ag and salary, with references, to B., 79 Post-office, Leeds, S d 1480 6 s d 315,0 3 d 2540 3 2820 3 3160 3 317 0 10 7 9 328 9 10 3290 3 3300 3040 10 3180 3 3310 3050 73190 3 332 0 3060 3 3200 6 333,0 7 3070 6 3210 3 3310 3 348 0 308 0 3 3220 7 3350 33190 3050 C 3230 3 336 0 10 350,0 3100 3 4 3240 337 0 3 3110 9 3230 3120 10 326.1 3130 3 327 0 3141 8 3461 1 347 0 7 is d 3 d 3 d 3420 6 3560 9 3731 4 3431 9 3570 10 3740 7 53110 3 358 0 3 3750 3 3345,0 3 3590 10 377 0-9 3600 3 3810 3 361) 8 382.0 3 352 0 339 0 3 353'0 340 0 3 3, 369,0 3 341 0 3 354 0 355.0 6 371,0 3, 4130 7 396 0 LIST OF MISCELLANEOUS TENDERS IN VITED, AND ENGAGEMENTS OPEN. The tenders and vacancies which appear in this weekly list are not repeated in succeeding numbers. CONTRACTORS' RAILS, &c., Scotland.-About 42 lbs. per yard; also earth-waggons, and 2 ft. 6 in. wrought-iron wheels and axles. Apply, Mr. W. Thompson, conRAILWAY STORES, Ireland. For the Waterford and tractor, Hawick, Limerick Railway, in such quantities as they may require in the year commencing Oct. 1. To include iron (bar and plate); boiler tubes for engines (iron), and feed-pipes; nails, steel, files, and tools; chairs and sleepers; keys, trenails, and screw augurs; timber, &c. Particulars and forms, Sept. 20 inclusive, Waterford Terminus. COPPER, Nary.-For the Chatham Dockyard; in ingots of 112 lbs. each, 60 tons; in ingots of 140 lbs. each, 65 tons; tough cake, 45 tons; copper cakes about 14 lbs. each, without lead, 30 tons. Conditions and forms, Somersetplace, London. Tenders, 2 o'clock Sept. 20. SEWERAGE, Leamington.--4,250 lineal yards of brick sewers, for the outfall drainage of the district, the construction of works for the defecation or deodorisation of the sewerage therefrom, the alteration, diversion, & improvement of the river Leam, between the Adelaidebridge, at Leamington, and the river Avon at Armscote, in the borough of Warwick; the construction of a weir across the said river, and other works connected with the above. Plans, and bills of quantities, and further Sheet and Sheathing..... Swedish Keg..... TIN: Faggot English, Block........................ Bar. Sheet On the spot For arrival Inglish Sheet ZINC: QUICKSILVER.. ........ pr. btl. 00 季 REMARKS.-We are unable to report any improvement of business in Metals. Our Markets continue very quis t. LAWRIE AND HAGGER, Metal Brokers 33 Lombard-street, E.C. THE MECHANICS' MAGAZINE. LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1859. It is THE GREAT EASTERN EXPLOSION. INTO what a weltering flood of and cons, pros questionings and cross-questionings, swearings and counter-swearings, have we to plunge in entering once more upon this subject! only because we know that above the weltering flood the simple truth is securely floating, and because we hope to bring that safely to land, that we make the plunge, and strike out towards our object. Further the day before the ship left her moorings at Deptford, we went on board and met Mr. Russell there. To our suggestion that we feared he must be exceedingly busy, he replied that, on the contrary, he had little or nothing to do, those of his men who were on board being lent to the Company, and not employed on any business of his. him with the charge of the officers and men down in the boiler-rooms. Now, from the moment the voyage was commenced at Deptford down to the time of the explosion, Mr. Russell managed both telegraphs, as he had proposed to do, and managed them with greater assiduity and care than any other Iman could have been expected to evince. That in doing this he sometimes refused to press the engines quite as much as some of the many official persons on board desired, is in no way inconsistent with the simple and voluntary service which he was rendering; nor does the fact in any way prove that he had "charge" of the engines in any other than a very limited sense of that term. It was, as we said in our letter written from the ship at Purfleet, the mere "working" of the engines that was temporarily under his control, and by no means the engines themselves, much less the boilers. For the outside reader who has nothing to guide him but such reports as the newspapers have been enabled to publish, and who has Before we separated from Mr. Russell on the no time to peruse even them with studied care, last-named occasion, a gentleman belonging to the simplest and most natural thing to do is to Messrs. Boulton and Watt's firm (the makers Having thus stated what we personally know, fix the blame impetuously upon either Mr. of the screw-engines) joined us, and to him Mr. beyond all controversy, in the matter, we turn Scott Russell on the one side, or upon the Com- Russell made some observations to which late to the evidence given at the inquest. And in pany (in which are included nearly all the reevents have given great importance in our doing this we must take with us two hypothemaining witnesses at the inquest) upon the minds, as they bear directly upon the much-ses: 1, That Mr. Scott Russell was supother, and then cast the whole question out of vexed question of Mr. Russell's position during posed to have completed his contract, and was his mind, and have done with it. But as there the late trip. They were to the following on board the ship as the guest of the Directors, are persons who wish to look deeper into the effect, although we cannot, of course, report lending useful assistance, but in no sense exermatter than the newspapers can possibly admit them verbatim: "As I shall be on board," said cising authority over the Company's staff of them, and who have the time and patience to he, "and we must all do what we can, I think engineers or over the apparatus under their dig even to the bottom of it for the truth, and "the best thing I can do will be to go upon the care; 2, That his contract was not completed, who, moreover, are too much alive to the jus-"paddle-bridge, and prevent any wrong or mis- that the engines were not the Company's but tice that is due from man to man either to put "taken instructions being given to my engines. his own, and that he had full authority over the blame of one man upon a dozen, or to heap "I think you had better do the same. We can both men and apparatus. One of these hypothe blame of a dozen upon one-as there are "then see that the engines are not pushed too theses must stand; the other must fall to the such persons, we say, it becomes incumbent "much for the first day or two. You know, to- ground: which is to stand, and which fall? upon us to set about unravelling the mystery, «, morrow is not a trial trip at all. The business and displaying the truth, of this very sad affair. "of to-morrow is to get the ship round to PortTo do this we must in the first place advert "land, and nothing else. But if we don't keep to a few facts antecedent to the late trip to our own eyes upon our engines something “ may go wrong, and for the sake of all parties Every one will remember that early in the«. we must avoid that. Perhaps it may be a month of August last two notable celebrations "convenience to Captain Harrison if I take the took place on board the Great Eastern at Dept-"engine-room telegraph and myself send every ford. In those celebrations the Chairman and "message down for him; no one will complain Directors of the Great Ship Company joined," of our assistance." This, we say with perfect making speeches themselves, accepting eulogies from Lord Stanley and others, and subsequently receiving a written acknowledgment of their enterprise from numerous members of the House of Commons. Now, what was the avowed occasion of those celebrations? This and let the reader mark it carefully-the completion of Mr. Scott Russell's contract for finishing the ship (in so far as she was then to be finished) in a certain number of weeks! Mr. Campbell and Mr. Jackson, M.P.-the Chairman and the Deputy-Chairman-distinctly and lavishly eulogised Mr. Scott Russell for the admirable zeal and skill which he had shown in performing what he had undertaken. Portland. Again: towards the end of August, a general meeting of the shareholders of the Great Ship Company was held, and during it Mr. Jackson, M.P., made a speech which was very generally published. From that speech we extract the following passage. After explaining how it was that the contract came to be given to Mr. Scott Russell, Mr. Jackson proceeded: "And "now, instead of the work occupying six months, as Mr. Brunel anticipated, it has been completed in four months; during which time as much work has been done as required in "building a 120-gun ship. I say, if any man "retrieved a position, and came out gloriously, "it is Mr. Scott Russell. The work that he “has done is incredible. Such an example of "what can be effected by mind and muscle is "unsurpassed.” Mark the first sentence: "it *has been completed in four months"-that is Mr. Jackson's statement in August. Again: several days before the Great Eastern Before answering this question we must observe that both Mr. Russell and the Company appear to have been guilty of much business laxity or the question at issue could never have been raised. There should have been fewer verbal, and more written, understandings between them. Had the Company been less satisfied with Mr. Russell, or had he been less trustful of them, this would undoubtedly have been the case. As it was, they each trusted the other, certainty, was the tenor of Mr. Russell's obser- implicitly but most unwisely, and the consevations; and in reply, the gentleman spoken to quences of their mutual reliance are before us. said he thought highly of Mr. Russell's propo- Still, it should be understood that it was confisal, and suggested that as the telegraph to the dence, and not mistrust, which led to the prescrew-engine room was within a few feet of the sent perplexities. But those perplexities are other, Mr. Russell might do his firm good ser-not the less on that account. The absence of vice by working both of them. The whole con- everything but tacit understandings has versation of course implied that Mr. Russell left all the principals concerned in the believed he had no duties and no responsibili- ship free to swear just as they pleased, or ties resting upon him in the way of business; as their feelings, rather than their knowbut that he felt anxious to assist the owners and ledge, dictated. Hence we have the Chairofficers of the ship, and that he could do this man of the Company, the Deputy-Chairman, best by guarding the engines which he had the Captain of the ship and the Chief Engineer built for them from being subjected to any of the ship, all of course swearing on one side; accidents from above. When it is remembered and on the other side Mr. Russell swearing for that there was to be a captain and two pilots himself. Had the interests been reversed, who on board that the navigation down the river knows with how little difficulty some, at least, was certain to be most intricate, occasioning might have taken views opposed to their present many turnings ahead and astern-that the ship evidence, without in any way violating their was of an immense length, so that the pilot in consciences? the bows might think it necessary to send instructions aft on his own responsibility-that for the first time both screw and paddle-engines were to be worked together in the same ship and that a hundred or two of passengers might all be crowding round the officers of the ship and round the engine-room at once-it will be seen that Mr. Russell's determination was a most wise and important one. It will also, we think, be observed that it involved no sort of responsibility beyond that of seeing that when the engines were to be turned ahead they were not turned astern-that when they were to be put on to half-speed they were not put on to full-speed-and so forth. By no ingenuity, however subtle, can it be said to have saddled It seems In our judgment, therefore, the evidence tendered at the inquest carries but exceedingly little weight with it, and will scarcely help us at all to arrive at a choice of one or other of the hypotheses which we have before us. to be admitted by all parties, however, that the whole staff of engineers who were in attendance upon the boilers and engines were in the Company's pay, and had signed the ship's articles. They were therefore under Mr. M'Lennan's orders. Mr. M'Lennan, it is true, washes his hands clean of all charge of them by saying that he committed the care and the responsibility of them to Mr. Dixon-Mr. Russell's manager! But he does not say that he had specific authority, or indeed any authority, for doing this, and only justifies the proceeding by saying that Mr. Brunel and Mr. Campbell had given him general instructions to let the contractors alone. So that we really must consider them under his charge, and regret that he should ever for a moment have considered otherwise. As to Mr. Dixon, he unquestionably was a good deal in the paddle engine-room; but then he was equally in the dining-saloon among Mr. Russell's friends, and dined at the same table as ourselves only an hour or two before the accident. No one, perhaps, saw more of the active assistance which he rendered at times than we; but we all the time understood perfectly well that he was doing what he did voluntarily, and from a desire to aid the officers of the ship, as his employer was aiding them, to the best of his ability. Which hypothesis, then, are we to adopt? We state frankly, and without reserve, that we can accept the first only. Where evidence "in "black and white" cannot be produced, facts may be strangely transformed to serve useful purposes. But even if this question should be taken into a court of law, and it should be there decided that Mr. Russell's business on board the ship was not completed when she left the Thames, we should still believe that its completion had been tacitly acknowledged by the Company. Indeed, have we not already recited the acts and words of the heads of the Company to that effect? With the facts which we have laid before them in their possession, our readers will know what value to attach to the letters of Mr. J. H. Dillon and some others who have written to the Times, saying that they saw Mr. Scott Russell giving orders on board the ship. They may have believed they were exposing some terrible discrepancies; but all they saw was perfectly consistent with the view we have taken of the matter-or rather, not the view which we have taken, but that which has been forced upon us by our own senses. The preceding portion of this article was written on Wednesday evening. This day, Thursday, we find in the Times the following letter sent up by Mr. Scott Russell from Weymouth. How entirely it coincides with all that we have stated will be seen at a glance : Sir, I observe in the Times of to-day letters from "A Passenger-Shareholder" and from "Spectator," pretending to contradict my evidence and Mr. Dixon's regarding the part I took, and the part I did not take, in the management of the paddle-wheel engines; and I find another from a Mr. Dillon, of a previous date. I frankly admit that I communicated probably 100 messages, in the course of the voyage, from the bridge to the paddle-engine room. I as readily admit that my chief assistant was in the paddle-engine room, giving all the assistance in his power to carry the orders I transmitted into effect. I equally admit that my son Norman assisted me in transmitting some of those messages, and that he counted for me the strokes of the engines, and reported to me every five minutes their condition and speed. It is perfectly true that at one time the screw engines went faster than the paddle-wheel engines, and at another time the paddle-wheel engines faster than the screw. But all your correspondents have omitted to state (what they could equally have stated if they were competent witnesses and wished to be just), that I transmitted the same number of orders in the same manner to the screw-engines, which were not made by me, and where no engineer of mine was assisting; The fact is I merely worked the telegraph, and transmitted the necessary instructions to both engines from the pilot and captain, in such a manner as would best give effect to their wishes, and cause the vessel to perform the evolutions they desired. But is it just or fair to argue from such circumstances that I was in responsible charge of the working of both sets of engines? I am sure Mr. Blake will not say I was responsible for his engines because I concerted telegraph arrangements with him. I may further state that I did not go into either once become supreme on board, and after apengine-room, and I could not even see the paddle-pointing every other man to his work, inflexiengines work from where I stood. My engines, and, bly insist upon his doing it. the hands of the company's engineers serving under as I imagine, those of Messrs. Watt and Co., were in the ship's articles. Out of 170 persons, servants of the Company, employed on the engines and boilers, only four were appointed by the Company on my recommendation, and an equal number on Messrs. Watt and Co's recommendation. Had the paddle-engines remained my property; had they been worked on my responsibility; had the trial trip, been in any degree mine, I should have taken upon myself the entire and absolute control of the whole paddle-wheel and boiler department, and should not have permitted any one to touch either engines or boilers who had not been absolutely appointed by me, and been solely responsible to me. As it was, the Company refused my offer to recommend to them competent persons for the entire staff of the paddle-wheel engines and boilers, and only accepted my recommendation for the appointment of their first four engineers. The management of the engines and boilers being thus placed in the hands of the Company's own servants, all I could do was to render the utmost assistance in my power, as every maker of engines naturally would do, when he had the opportunity, in a work of extraordinary magnitude. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, Weymouth, Sept. 20. J. SCOTT RUSSELL. We shall not pursue this subject further. We should perhaps have satisfied some few readers better if we had said less, and had let the chivalrous Directors and officers of the Company heap the blame of this unhappy affair upon the man whom they lately combined to extol. But it is not for us to see a distinguished engineer and shipbuilder made a scapegoat of commercial mismanagement. The professions made by Mr. Scott Russell, both privately and publicly, have been perfectly consistent from the time of the great celebrations in August down to the very moment of the explosion. The professions made by the Company's Directors are not so; much of what they have declared at Weymouth in September being in flat opposition to what they said at Deptford and London in August. As it is our duty to make known the rights of the matter, we can do no other than support the man who has both truth and consistency on his side. SIR HOWARD DOUGLAS'S IMPROVE- WE have had so little leisure lately that we On the 27th of August an elaborate article appeared in the Times in commendation of Sir Howard's improvements in the screw propeller, the greater portion of which article was quoted in our columns. Three days afterwards Mr. Griffiths replied in the letter of which we complain. Had his remarks been confined to the fact that in the Times' retrospect of the progress of screw propulsion no mention had been made of his improvements we should, of course, have nothing to say against them; nor should we, indeed, had he further stated that in his propellers the blades were of a form somewhat resembling that recommended by Sir Howard. But when Mr. Griffiths has the boldness to claim under his patent of 1849 precisely what Sir Howard has proposed, and further menaces Sir Howard with litigation if he ventures to proceed with his plans, it becomes necessary for us to inform the public that Mr. Griffiths is going beyond his legitimate bounds. But Mr. Griffiths' propeller, and his patents also, are of course familiar to us; but in order that we might speak with perfect confidence upon the subject we have taken the pains to refer to the specifications of his patents, and we now say in all confidence that these patents give him no right whatever to interfere with Sir Howard's modification of the Admiralty screw. If he thinks they do, he is mistaken, and his threat of legal proceedings amounts to nothing. even if Mr. Griffiths were justified in a legal sense in thus threatening the gallant General, one would have thought that the distinct Howard would steadfastly refuse all pecuniary avowal of the Times-to the effect that Sir interest in the matter-would have saved so valuable and aged an officer from Mr. Griffiths' menace. But it requires a finer sense of honour than Mr. Griffiths seems to possess to understand even such an avowal as that properly; to him it was only a proof that Sir Howard is "liberal of other people's property "-a charge which a sensible man would have been very slow indeed to bring against Sir Howard Douglas!. there is little to be gleaned either from the in- |
