BOAT-LOWERING APPARATUS. TO THE EDITORS OF THE " MECHANICS' MAGAZINE." GENTLEMEN,-As the qualities and merits of mechanical contrivances can never be settled by argument, it would be useless for me again to repeat the answers I gave in my last letter to you in reply to the former objections urged against my system of lowering boats by "Nauticus," and of which his letter in your last week's impression is mainly a repetition. I then offered to show the groundlessness of such objections by at once submitting to any practical tests to disprove them, and this, too, against any other inventor or invention. Competitive trials of rival improvements under the very circumstances and cases for which they are required can be the only satisfactory solution of the efficiency of either to accomplish the desired ends, and settle their relative capabilities; and the results of such trials are the only substantial arguments on which judgment should be formed. In order to meet theoretical objections by actual practice I devoted three years entirely to going to our different seaports and dockyards in order to prove in my own person that my invention was capable of effecting all it proposed to accomplish. Not only have I never had one accident during that time, but I now repeat that I am at any moment prepared to show how efficiently the system will work under those very positions in which "Nauticus" considers it would be useless. But more; repeated instances have occurred, as he or any one may see from my published pamphlet, of lives having been saved under just such circumstances as he describes. | the value of theoretical objections substantiated And now, Sir, as "Nauticus" has referred to the subject, I must make one remark about rival in- Such anonymous letters as those of "Nauticus" When any one will accept the challenge I gave in my last letter, and prove by actual working the superiority of any other plan to mine, so much the more to the public good. Till they do so I shall not forego the claims mine has established to the position that has been accorded it by the patronage it has received from different departments of the Government; and I can refer with no little satisfaction to the leading mercan tile firms of London and others who have long had it in practice, and many of whom have saved lives by its use, in confirmation of what I have Yours, &c., advanced. 14th July, 1859. CHARLES CLIFFORD. THE STEAM RAM. Law Case. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, Guildhall, July 11.— GRIFFITHS v. TURNER. Mr. Bovill and Mr. Hindmarch were counsel for the plaintiff'; and Mr. M. Smith and Mr. Sumner for the defendant. Mr. Edward Griffiths, f High-street, Camberwell, confectioner, brought this action against Mr. George Turner, of Dover-road, Borough, dealer in patented articles, for an infringement of plaintiff's patent apparatus for beating the whites of errs and other fluids. The infringement was admitted, and the question was whether the patent was not void for want of novelty. The defendant relied on a patent of Messrs. Pollitt and Eastwood for churns, and a publication of an invention by Mr. Harkes, also a patentee for churns, being substantially identical with the patent of the plaintiff, and prior to it in point of time. The trial, which commenced on the 13th, was not concluded until 4o'clock on the 14th, when the jury found that as to Pollitt and Eastwood's patent it was the same as the plaintiff's, with this difference, that the plaintiff's had concentric axes, which, in the opinion of the jury, was an important improvement with reference to the object to which the apparatus was applied; and that as to Harke's invention it was the same in form and construction as the plaintiff's, with the difference of having flat expanded wooden beaters, whereas the plaintiff's had slight wire bars, which more readily effected the object of the apparatus. The Lord Chief Justice said the plaintiff would have the right to raise the question whether, notwithstanding the similarity of the instruments, the novelty of the combination was not sufficient to constitute a good patent, and the defendant would have the right to raise the question whether, looking at the particular language of the specification, the points of identity found by the jury were not sufficient to invalidate the plaintiff's 's patent. It did not seem to him of much consequence how the verdict was entered. Verdict for the plaintiff, with liberty to defend ant to move. Our Weekly Gossip. course of the discussion the Duke of Somerset said With respect to pendants having broken in some of Her Majesty's ships, I myself admitted this had occurred, and I gave as the cause that rope of a character and quality different to my printed instructions had been supplied, but that this had happened with reference to the rope supplied from one yard only; but I never hinted at the invention having been neglected by the Dockyard authorities generally. Very far from it. I am fully sensible of the attention that has been paid to my instructions, the facilities that have been afforded me to carry them out, and the Small steam-vessels of the greatest practicable general excellence of the workmanship and ma-speed, and of a construction and form adapted to terial supplied at all the Government yards. I feel the service of, and armed with submarine explo-year 1852 a committee of military and naval officers this acknowledgement the more due, because I sive shells, would, in naval combat, prove more never had a particle of patronage or official in- than a match for large ships or steam-vessels fluence to help me along; and I believe that sym-armed with any kind of cannon and projectiles at pathy with the cause I advocated, viz., the obser-present known; and that the larger the ship or vance of better precautions for the preservation vessel so armed, the more easily could she be sunk of life at sea, had more to do with the readiness or blown up by the small steam-vessel. that has been shown to help me than anything else. The employment of submarine explosive shells inverts, as it were, the whole system of naval tactics; The "written statement" published by "Nau- for the smaller the vessel, so that she possesses ticus" in reference to the alleged loss of "the speed, darker the night, more tempestuous the whole of a boat's crew" of Messrs. Greens' ship, weather, the more easily would she accomplish her the Orwell, and imputing such a catastrophe work of destruction. Not that such conditions to my lowering gear, is simply an untruth; and it must obtain if she be properly constructed and is to be regretted that a statement calculated to do equipped; she would under any condition do her such a serious injury, should have been anony-work in the light of day by submitting to a mously published in your paper, and upon an trifling sacrifice of damaged topsides. anonymous authority. It will be quite sufficient to send to you a statement from Messrs. Green, written after a full inquiry into the circumstances on the return of the ship, and which I have also from the captain of the ship; I quote their very words "that there was not the slightest blame attached to Clifford's lowering gear on that occasion;" and they add, moreover, "that where it has been fitted in Messrs. Greens' ships, it has given general satisfaction." I leave you, Mr. Editor, and the public, to draw your own conclusions of I will avail myself of this opportunity to re- JOHN HARVEY, R.N. A DISCUSSION was raised a few evenings since by the to to baild a certain number of corvettes by contract, a species of vessel which the commercial yards were peculiarly qualified to deal with, and if any sudden energency should arise he should be inclined to deal with the matter in the same spirit. The answer, taerefore, to the noble carl's question was, that the Government had considered the expendiency of entering into arrangements for the arming of these harge commercial steamers, but they were not disposed to re-open a question which had already been decided in 1852 on grounds which might be seen on reference to the roport of the committee. The Earl of Hardwicke agreed entirely in the decision arrived at by the noble duke. Unless Parliament chose to go to the trouble of providing for the manner in which those steamers should be built it was impossible to hope that they would ever be available for war purposes, and any money spent for that purpose would be thrown away. At the same time, there was no doubt that the producing power of the mercantile navy might be safely relied on for the rapid production of war vessels on an emergency. In reference to the letter of Capt. Harvey, R.N., which appears in another column, we may state that he has, he believes, completely succeeded in producing an engine of destruction, in which are combined easy construction with cheapness, safety when charged and when stored, facility of application in combat, with perfect freedom from danger, while the shell would be horribly destructive to a foe against whom it might be employed. A submarine explosive shell, embracing such essentials, is deposited for public inspection in the Museum at Canterbury. In the summer of 1844 Capt. Warner made an experiment off Brighton, which suggested to Capt. Harvey the importance of submarine explosive engines in naval warfare, looking to the then altered state of navigation, as compared to what it was in the days of Nelson, by the application of steam-power to nautical purposes. Under this impression he set about constructing a shell to explode under water, such shell to be brought into contact with the object of attack by being towed by a steamer of superior speed, or by spanning two shells with a buoyant line of about 100 yards length, and when so spanned, to stretch them across the course of the advancing or pursuing enemy. To this matter Capt. Harvey endeavoured more than 14 years since to gain the attention of the Government, but in vain. But we have now a neighbour who will not be restrained by antiquated notions of chivalry, or rules of legitimate modes of warfare. He well knows that the art of war is the art of strategy; and should he and his legions at any time resolve upon an invasion of our stores, and should he be before hand with us in the employment of the arm to which Captain Harvey draws attention, he could, in less than 24 hours, clear the Channel of hostile vessels, so that his troops in their passage across would meet with no interruption. It is upon the engineering and mechanical skill of England that her safety depends; for the gentlemen in the profession of arms are but too often under the dominion of fixed ideas. Mr. T. Moy writes on the subject of steam-ship performance as follows:-"As this subject is likely to be revived at the next meeting of the British Association, allow me through your pages to suggest the following formula for obtaining a co-efficient: The new French gun, of the performance of which we hear so much from Milan and from the French carap, but not from the Austrian side, cannot be an arm of the same precision as the so-called Armstrong gun, because no attempt is made to lessen the windage of it, the shot fitting not more closely than the ordinary round shot. The interior of the barrel is rided with three, four, five, or six flat, rectangular, shallow grooves-the heavy naval guns with three, the field-gun used in Italy with six, the other, indeed the whole thing, being yet only experimental. The shell, which is of iron, is about twice and a half as long as it is broad, the greater part being cylindrical, the rear end quite flat, and the point conical. The fuse enters this point. From this iron shell projects small icaden trunnions, double in number to the grooves of the barrel, so that into each groove fit two of the little projections. These look like round leaden coins Inid on the shell in two rows. They, however, are firmly fixed, being cast into holes broader at the bottom than at the surface. But a small portim of the surfaces of such projections can bear on the barrel, so that the lead must strip, or at least lose to shape. The form is exactly that which admits of least bearing surface. In Lieutenant Engstrom's patented shells (1855) he uses round trunnions to fit into the grooves of his rifle, but then he had an object in so doing, viz., to enable him to use a decreasing twist. In the French shell all the disadvantages of the system are adopted without the advantage, for with a double row of trunnions of course the twist of the groove must be uniform. It was a very pleasant change last Saturday, after the rumours of bloody deeds of war which have been exciting such painful interest during the last two months, to be present at the fete which was given by those interested in the proposed Palace of the People upon the site at Muswell-hill. This beautiful spot is situated to the west of the Great Northern Railway, about half-a-mile from the Wood-Green station, which is five miles from King's-cross. The total property about to be purchased by the proposed Company covers an area of 450 acres, about 150 of which are to be devoted to the purposes of the palace, and the rest will be made available to the shareholders for building and other purposes. The rise from the railway, through pleasant green fields, to the upper level on which the palace is to stand is 198 ft., and the view from the summit is extremely varied and extensive, in fact in one direction it is possible, on a clear day, to see a distance of fifty miles. Within a radius of six miles of this hill north of the Thames are situated 32 distinct towns and villages containing a million-and-a-half of inhabitants, and we understand that it is with the intention of providing a a place of innocent recreation for this vast population that the Palace of the People is to be built. It was at first considered by some that such a place was not required, and that it would interfere with the ultimate success of the Crystal Palace, but it appears that such will not be the case; the erection of the Palace of the People may produce a spirit of emulation but not of competition; in fact, the presence at the fête of Mr. Bowley, the talented manager of the Crystal Palace, would sufficiently show that the interests of both will be promoted by this new undertaking. It is also an established fact that at present there is no place of public recreation of a similar nature on this side of the river. We understand that the building itself will be 1,080 ft. long by 312 ft. wide, and will be surmounted in the centre by a large dome of crystal 200 ft. span. This will be glazed as far down as the ground level so as not to intercept the view, and be used as a tropical garden. The building will also be provided with a concert-room capable of holding 10,000 people. We are led to understand from the estimates, that the total outlay will be about one-half of that invested in the Crystal Palace, so the success of the undertaking in a commercial point of view is pretty well ascertained. The summit of the hill, so soon to be a busy scene of labour, was on Saturday crowned with a large tent, under which was spread a substantial repast; the guests, to the number of 150, including many men of influence. After surveying the grounds and welcoming Lord Brougham, who it appears takes a great interest in the success of the undertaking, we had the pleasure of listening to a preliminary report, which was read by Mr. John Masterman, to which Lord Brougham replied in eloquent terms, stating that for many years he had been looked upon as the head of the educational movement, that he had often been charged with paying court to the people, but here, upon the site of the Palace of the People themselves, he would give them some good advice. He then said that all working men required relaxation, and that relaxation must be mental as well as physical; that the object which those interested in this Palace of the People had in view was the promotion of such relaxation; but to effect this three principles would be involved it must be innocent, it must be conducted within the bounds of prudence, and it must be entirely free from a vicious tendency. He then gave a slight sketch of the manner in which this would be carried out in the Palace of the People, through the instrumentality of reading-classes, lectures, &c., and concluded by wishing every success to the undertaking. The American aeronauts have just performed a feat worthy of being chronicled-an attempted trip from St. Louis to the city of New York. The New York letter of the Times gives the following account of it:-The balloon, one of monster size, was in addition provided with revolving wheels for propelling it any desired direction, and with a metallic lifeboat suspended to the car, for use in case of falling in the water. As it turned out the precaution was a wise one. They left St. Louis about 7 o'clock in the evening of the 1st in the presence of a crowd of many thousands. At 4 o'clock in the morning of the 2nd they passed near Fort Wayne, in Indiana, and at 9 of the same morning passed near Cleaveland, and over Lake Erie. In this part of their passage their speed is reported as nearly 75 miles an hour. Up to this point they seem to have followed the course which they had marked out for themselves. The plan was to have followed the course of the Central Railroad across the State of New York and thence down the Hudson River to New York; but unfortunately they determined first to make Rochester, near Lake Ontario, and land one of their passengers. In descending to do this they fell into a hurricane strata which drove them out to sea, and obliged them for safety to make way to shore and abandon the rest of their trip. In less than 20 hours, however, they travelled 1,150 miles, and they think that they have demonstrated that for which this was an experiment -the possibility of an aërial trip across the Atlantic. Patents for Inventions. ABRIDGED SPECIFICATIONS OF PATENTS. classified, according to the subjects to which the respective THE abridged Specifications of Patents given below are inventions refer, in the following table. By the system of classification adopted, the numerical and chronological order of the specifications is preserved, and combined with all the advantages of a division into classes. It should be sively for this Magazine from official copies supplied by the understood that these abridgements are prepared excluGovernment, and are therefore the property of the proprie tors of this Magazine. Other papers are hereby warned not to produce them without acknowledgement :STEAM ENGINES, &C. None. BOILERS AND THEIR FURNACES, 2774, 2803. ROADS AND VEHICLES, including railway plant and carriages, saddlery and harness, &c., 2775, 2779, 2796. SHIPS AND BOATS, including their fittings. None. CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL, including agricultural and horticultural implements and machines, 2784, 2789. FOOD AND BEVERAGES, including apparatus for preparing food for men and animals, 2771, 2802. FIBROUS FABRICS, including machinery for treating fibres, pulp, paper, &c., 2777, 2782, 2783, 2785, 2786, 2791, 2792, 2800, 2801, 2805, 2808. BUILDINGS AND BUILDING MATERIALS, including sewers, CHEMISTRY AND PHOTOGRAPHY. None. LETTER PRESS PRINTING &c. None. This consists in constructing apparatus for curing or cleaning sugar by vacuum, with a false bottom or surface for supporting the sugar, constructed of a series of separate flat-topped bars arranged in close proximity over a chamber capable of being exhausted of air. Patent completed. 2772. R. LEGG. "A machine for combining the operation of compressing and cutting tobacco during the process of manufacture." Dated December 4, 1855. This consists in a machine in which the tobacco leaf (after the damping process, when that is em ployed) is received into a feeding trough or box, from which it is drawn forward, and submitted to a yielding pressure by and between rollers which convey it to the mouth-picce, where it is then submitted to the action of the knife. The invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 2773. L. W. FLETCHER. "Improvements in the construction of electric telegraph cables." Dated December 4, 1858. This consists, 1, in certain modes of constructing electric telegraph cables whereby the conducting wires shall be prevented from being injuriously elongated by any elongation of the covering wires. 2. In coiling or twisting the conducting wire, or the strand of conducting wires in contrary directions, so that when the electric telegraph cable is in a state of tension the said wires may be free to elongate to a greater extent than the covering wires. 3. In weaving fibrous materials over the conducting wire previously to insulating it. 4. In weaving a tube over the insulated wire. This woven cover or tube may be made of wire-warp and a binding weft of hemp, &c., or vice versa. 5. In covering the insulated core of electric telegraph cables with woven strips or bands of a combination of wire and fibrous material saturated or coated with india-rubber or other suitable substance. The invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 2774. J. B. FISHER, J. FISHER, and J. BIRD. "An improvement in the doors and dampers of furnaces and other places where intense heat has to be resisted." Dated December 4, 1858. This consists in forming the doors and dampers of furnaces of a single slab of fire-clay, bound with wrought or cast-iron. Patent completed. 2775. R. PICKERING. "Improvements in communicating signals from one part of a railway train to another." Dated December 4, 1858. Here a flexible tube is carried along beneath the bottoms of all the carriages in the train, terminating in a whistle at a part where the engine-driver stands. This tube is in separate lengths for each carriage, provision being made for coupling the ends when the train is made up. Each carriage has a branch tube with a mouth-piece for blowing into; and each branch tube has a sub-branch and a mouth piece and tap or valve for each compartment. Patent completed. 2776. E. A. SERVIER. Improvements in pressure and fluid level indicators." Dated December 4, 1858. The peculiar characteristic of this apparatus is the giving of a different signal for each extreme limit, and of a third signal for the intermediate degrees of pressure or points of elevation. The invention is based upon the following principle:-Where an electric current passes along a wire in the immediate neighbourhood of a magnetic needle, the latter will be deflected from its normal position in one direction or the other, according to the direction of the electric current. The patentee has applied this principle to existing pressure and level indicators. Patent completed. pitch is employed instead of resin. A heated metal 2782. J. L. NORTON. "Improvements in machines for stretching and drying fabrics, and in drying wool and other fibres." Dated December 4, 1858. This relates to such machines as are constructed with two endless chains furnished with points to receive the selvage of the fabric, and in which such chains having received the fabric separate so as to stretch it to the desired extent, and afterwards carry it through a drying chamber. The chains are formed by stamping from wrought-iron. The chain consists of long and short links, arranged thus: two long links are placed side by side, and short ones between them; at their ends these links are held together by pins passing through the extremities of both the longer and shorter links; thus a chain is built up composed of long and short links alternately. The points to receive the selvages are held together by casting metal on to them, and the cast block so obtained has a stem which passes through holes in the long links and is secured by pins, &c. The chains traverse in guides similar to those employed heretoThis relates to those looms in which tappets are fore. To heat the drying chamber the inventor ememployed for working the treadles that operate the ploys a series of closed metal cylinders, to which warp threads, and refers to those tappets known as steam is admitted. Through these cylinders a "Woodcroft's patent segment tappets," more par- number of tubes pass, the arrangement being similar ticularly single-acting tappets. The object of the to a tubular steam-boiler. Air enters the drying invention is to facilitate the changing of such chamber, or through those tubes, and thus becomes tappets. The patentee claims, 1, securing the tappet-heated. From the lower part of the drying chamber holding plates of tappet cylinders together by bolts, a flue conducts away the air, which has been moistened so that they will not have to be disturbed when and partially cooled by contact with the fabric. For placing, removing, or re-arranging the tappets. 2. drying wool and other fibres an endless fabric is Retaining the tappets in their places by loose pins placed on the chain and the fibre spread at one end which are prevented from moving endway. Patent of the machine uniformly on the endless fabric as it completed. travels, and the dried fibre is discharged at the other end. Patent abandoned. 2777. T. SIBLEY. "Improvements in looms for weaving." Dated December 4, 1858. 2778. A. SMITH, J. TOWNSEND, and E. W. WILLIAMS. An improvement or improvements in breech-loading fire-arms." Dated December 4, 1858. This relates to those breech-loading arms in which the barrel moves in a vertical plane, and consists in means for securing the barrel in its place during discharge. The inventors make a double incline or two inclines turning on axis in the body of the fire-arm, the said inclines being situated opposite to each other on the axis. On the under side of the barrel two knuckles or staples are formed with which the two inclines engage. The fastening is effected as in the ordinary construction by the motion of a handle on the axis of the inclines. They prefer to make the inclines and the handle in one solid piece. In the body of the gun two openings are formed through which the knuckles or staples on the under side of the barrel pass to engage with the inclines. The said openings are made out of the solid, and the axis on which the inclines turn is fixed on the underside of the solid bar separating the two openings. Patent abandoned. 2779. J. B. A. MONNIER. "Improvements in actuating railway brakes." Dated December 4, 1858. This consists in so arranging the apparatus for applying the brakes that the rotation of the wheels shall, when required, put on the brakes, and also so that the rotation of the wheels shall, if there is more than one brake carriage in the train, transmit the motion to all the brakes. Patent completed. 2780. J. TURNER. "Improvements in the construction of chairs." Dated December 4, 1858. The inventor constructs a chair in two parts, the seat and front legs forming one part, and the back and hind legs the other part. To hold the two parts together, a screw nut is let into each of the side rails of the seat, and other screw nuts at the lower part of the back where the seat is to be fixed to it. These screw nuts are drawn together by screw bolts. In some cases he connects the two parts of a chair by fixing metal studs or buttons on one part to outer holes in metal plates fixed in the other part. Patent abandoned. 2781. H. T. YATES. "Improvements in the manufacture of boards or sheets, when wood sawdust is used." Dated December 4, 1858. the stocks so as only to require one hole for each pin 1858. This relates to connecting together the cast-iron plates and other cast parts of stoves and fire-places. The patentee casts one plate or piece with a boss or Projection of triangular or other form, and smaller at the top than at the base. He casts the other piece which is to be connected to it with a hole or cavity of corresponding form to the boss, so that when placed over the boss the two pieces are in their proper relative position, and the boss passes nearly but not quite through the other piece. A wrought-iron screw is placed in the mould when the boss is cast and thus becomes fixed in the boss; or it may be afterwards tapped into the boss. A washer is placed over the screw when the two pieces of metal are placed together and a nut is screwed upon it. Patent completed. for letters and similar purposes." Dated December 6, 2788. J. G. ARNOLD. "Improvements in envelopes 1858. the envelope from the sheet or roll so as to leave the 2789. B. NICOLL." Improvements in agricultural machinery for all kinds of crops, chaff, turnip, and other root-cutting, and for the purposes of haymaking, and rubbing corn and seed from the stalks (instead of threshing)." Dated December 6, 1858. This consists of a framework running upon wheels having a row of cutters of peculiar form, each cutter working on a joint. Attached to the framework are endless canvasses which, by a mechanical contrivance, convey the crops at the time of cutting to any re(Aquired position. Patent abandoned. 2783. M. HENRY. "Improvements in weaving and in looms or apparatus employed therein." communication.) Dated December 4, 1858. This relates to a mode of weaving shawls, ribbons, and other fabrics, by means of which coloured threads will be interwoven only at the precise spot at which they are desired to appear. It consists in the method of action of a number of weft bobbin carriers, or hooks, rods, or pins, fitted to the loom or apparatus, and carrying weft bobbins or pins, and which effect in respect of the weft what the jacquard effects in respect to the warp, so as to produce a weft pattern in parts, and so that a very large number of small coloured wefts may be kept in the same line and in the same direction. Patent completed. 2784. W. E. NEWTON. "Certain improvements in grain and grass harvesting machines. (A communication.) Dated December 4, 1858. This relates, 1, to those machines in which motion is given to a reciprocating sickle by a cam formed of an obliquely-grooved cylinder. 2. To a guard finger of peculiar construction. The object of the invention is to compensate for the wear of the cam, and thereby ensure a perfect cutting action of the sickle, and to obtain as direct an application of the power to the sickle as may be, and with as little friction as possible. The invention also has for its object the prevention of the gumming or clogging of the sickle. The invention is not described apart from the drawings. Patent completed. 2785. J. PLATT. "Improvements in mules for spinning." Dated December 4, 1858. This refers to that part of the mules used for putting up the carriage, and consists in the application of an elastic part between the source of power and the carriage. Thus, supposing a scroll employed over which the band passes, the inventor attaches the said band to the carriage by an elastic connection. Patent abandoned. 2786. T. R. HARDING. "Improvements in combs, gills, hackles, and similar implements used in silk, wool, and flax machinery, and in the method of making the same." Dated December 4, 1858. This relates, 1, to the making of flat pins, and consists in cutting off the pins in the forged or Here the wood sawdust is sifted into several de-ground state previous to flattening, and feeding them grees of fineness; the finer qualities are used for making the thinner sheets or boards. A quantity of powdered resin (generally about one-eighth of the weight thereof) is intimately mixed with the sawdust. In some cases particularly, for the coarser articles, into a machine consisting of one or more pairs of 2790. J. and F. MUIR. Improvements in ornamental or colour printing." Dated December 6, 1858. According to this process, supposing there to be five colours in the design, the first two are printed by corresponding blocks as usual. The other three colours are put on from a single sieve or colour box, that is to say, from a sieve on which the three several colours to be printed are laid in stripes at pre-determined positions. In this way as the block is laid upon the sieve it takes up the three colours on the pre-determined portions of the figure, and when applied to the surface to be printed, deposits its three several colours so as to form actual integral or detail portions of the pattern. There are modifications included. Patent abandoned. 2791. G. SNELL. "Improvements in machinery or apparatus for cutting woollen fabrics." Dated December 6, 1858. In the "perpetual cutting machine" the patentee constructs and arranges the framework so as to allow of an additional cutting cylinder, by which he is enabled to make two cuts at one and the same time. Patent completed. 2792. J. DAWSON. "Improvements in machinery or apparatus for raising the nap on woollen cloths." Dated December 6, 1858. This consists in passing the fabric over an arrange. ment of rollers in connection with the raising cylin ders. The apparatus is self-acting. Patent completed. 2793. D. B. WHITE. "Improvements in indicating gauges." Dated December 6, 1858. This consists in the use of a syphon or bent tube containing a short column of mercury, disposed so as to balance a longer column of water, or other fluid lighter than mercury, the lengths varying according to their relative specific gravities. The apparatus is intended to be applied in the "waste" of a ship, or similar situation, the tube containing the longer column being continued upwards into the cabin, so that an increase in the depth of the fluid to be gauged may be indicated by the disturbance of the equilibrium which before existed, and the consequent movement of the upper surface of the lighter fluid, the amount of which may be observed upon a scale contiguous to such surface. The apparatus may also be used to indicate the existence of fire, or of an increased temperature at a distance above or apart from its actual locality, Patent completed. 2794. R. A. BROOMAN. Improvements in the manufacture of gloves." (A communication.) Dated December 6, 1858. This consists in cutting out the main piece of the glove by machinery of such form that by turning over two projecting side-pieces they will form the fore-finger and little finger, and in then cutting out and sewing to the main piece, additional pieces to form the backs of the middle fingers, and part of the back of the glove, another piece to form the thumb, and another to form the wrist piece. Patent completed. 2795. F. W. FLETCHER. "Improvements in bolts for securing doors, and for other similar purposes." Dated December 6, 1858. This consists in, and the patentee claims, the adaptation of excentric motion in any form whatsoever to all bolts for securing doors, and for other similar purposes. Patent completed. 2796. E. W. SCALE. "Improvements in railway and other brakes." Dated December 6, 1858. This consists in the application of a spiral worm or screw fixed on the axle of the wheel to be operated on, and which may be made to lock the wheels of adjacent plain angles. Patent abandoned. 2797. J. E. BOYD. Improvements in the construction of taps, valves, cocks, spiggots, or other apparatus or instruments for gauging or for drawing off the liquid or fluid contents of any cask, butt, vat, barrel, or other vessel." Dated December 7, 1858. The patentee constructs a tap, valve, or cock, so as to cause it to indicate, whether the vessel containing the fluid be full or otherwise, and always exhibiting during the progress of consumption the progressive decrease, and he, therefore, attaches to any valve, tap, or cock a hollow tube of glass or other material, such tube to be in connection with the liquid to be gauged. The tap, &c., is to be so shaped by means of a bent or curved shank, that, on being placed in the vessel, it will descend into the lowest part thereof, the opposite end or external aperture of the tap to be the longest, so as to afford the advantages and combine the principles of the syphon. Patent completed. 2798. W. A. GILBEE. "An improved portable bath." (A communication.) Dated Dec. 7, 1858. The lower part of the bath is here composed of two iron or wooden frames, filled in with sheet zinc, the two ends being composed of similar frames and sheet zine. The upper edge is made of round iron rods, which are connected in the middle to the head frames by iron collars. The extremities of these rods are curved and provided on each side with small pins or boits, which are introduced into holes made in the uprights on each side. The sides of the bath are filled in with moveable sheet zinc, or with a metal trellis. When the form of the bath is obtained, the inventor places in it a bag or cover of india-rubber so as to fit the interior of the bath framework, and the edges of the bag are brought down and secured to the outer sides by springs and knobs. A tap fitted to a pipe passing through the india-rubber bag serves for letting off the water. Patent abandoned. 2799. C. WILLIAMS and W. ELLISON. "A new mode or method of securing and liberating the corks and stoppers of bottles." Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in passing a pin through the neck of the bottle, and also through the cork or stopper. Patent abandoned. 2800. J. WHITELEY and T. KITCHENMAN. "Improvements in press plates or apparatus employed in hot pressing woven fabrics." Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in forming a passage running first along with and near to the edge of the plate, and then continuing at a suitable distance further from the edges of the plate, and so on in a spiral like direction, each circumrevolution approaching nearer to the middle of the plate in a suitable ratio; it is then returned between the passages and continued to the outer edge of the plate again. By this method the inventor can so adjust the distances respectively of the passages as to obtain and maintain a more equal effect upon the fabrics. Patent abandoned. 2801. W. MADDERS and J. WADDINGTON. "Improvements in machinery or apparatus for embroidering woven fabrics." Dated December 7, 1858. Here the inventors make the holes of different sizes according to the required design, by fixing two or more stops or catches on the frame of the machine, so as to stop the carriage at any stated point, or to regulate the distance it must move, and thus also regulate the distance the stillettoes must pierce the fabric. The stillettoes being of a conical shape, it is evident the farther they are forced through the fabric, the larger the holes will be, and vice versa. Patent abandonmed. 2802. J. J. HARRIS. "Improvements in apparatus for refrigerating and regulating the temperature in worts and beer, which may be also employed as condensers in distilling." Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in fitting in a suitable vessel through which the wort or beer is to flow, an apparatus consisting of a series of narrow hollow chambers or rows of pipes placed upright, and so connected together that water shall flow through them, and from one chamber or row of pipes into the next, and so on through the entire series. Patent abandoned. 2803. J. G. E. LARNED. "Improvements in the construction and arrangements of the boilers and working parts of steam fire-engines, part of which is applicable to engines for other purposes." Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in constructing a boiler with sets or pairs of vertical tubes arranged annularly, the outer tube being in size in respect to the inner tube about as 24 inches to 14, and the annular space between such tubes being occupied by water. The inner tube is an air tube, and through it the air passes, and also round about the outer tubes; the fire is thus brought in contact with both sides or surfaces of the water. 66 and chalk, and the whole well stirred to neutralise the acid. The oil is then drawn off into another vessel and bituminous charcoal, or peat charcoal, chalk, or lime and water containing oxide of iron is added in the proportion of from 6 to 10 gallons of this mixture to every 100 gallons of the oil; steam heat is then applied and the whole boiled for four or six hours, after which the oil is well washed with a strong solution of chloride of sodium, or a strong natural brine, then distilled in an improved apparatus in which it is proposed to employ three cylinders or stills placed side by side, and fitted in a manner which is not intelligibly described apart from the drawings. Patent abandoned. 2808. J. FERRABEE and F. H. ENGLAND. "Im provements applicable to machinery for carding, scribbling, and condensing wool and other fibrous substances." Dated December 7, 1858. Here the doffers of condensers and carding and The furnace is also composed of tubes set close to- scribbling engines are covered with wire card in the gether, and opening at bottom into a ring-shaped same way as ordinary doffers, and by means of a cer water bottom and into the steam drum above. This tain tool the card surface is divided into the requisite construction of boiler can be applied to engines of vanumber of rings by depressing annular portions of the rious kinds. The invention further consists in the wire surface and thereby forming a series of grooves; combination and arrangement of the working parts the wire so depressed may be retained by a series of of the machinery for transmitting power from the bands of leather if found desirable. By this means cylinders through an intermediate shaft to the driv- perfect uniformity in the rings is secured, and the ing wheels, and the combination of such intermediate risk of their shifting and getting irregular when shaft with any suitable hydraulic apparatus, whether being ground is obviated, and a more even sliver is a rotary pump centred on such shaft, or a reciprocat-produced. The rubbing rolls of condensers are coning pump operated by cranks on such shaft, which instructed by threading a number of rings of vulcanised india-rubber or leather on a turned hollow iron, and such case becomes a crank shaft or axle, and also serves for steering the carriage. Patent abandoned, are received at the ends by washers. For grinding 2804. J. V. SCARBOROUGH. Improvements in the doffer cylinder in its place the patentees construct apparatus for the manufacture of boots and shoes." a traversing grinder and mount it in bearings fixed on Dated December 7, 1858. the framework of the machine so as to render the removal of any portion of the machinery unnecessary when grinding the doffer. In feeding scribbling or carding engines they take the roping from the traversing feeder by means of a roll with an endless belt running above it which delivers the roping or sliver to the feed rolls. To obtain such a distribution of the wool or staple as will ensure uniformity of sliver they apply apparatus for laying the fleece (as it is stripped from the doffer of the scribbler or carder) in layers one above the other to any required thickness upon an endless band or table, and thus to form a continuous sheet or vat which will be fed into the succeeding machine continuously at right angles, or any other angle, to the feed rolls of such engine. Patent completed. This relates to boots and shoes having soles and heels of gutta-percha. The invention consists in moulding the sole and heel of the boot or shoe so as not to require any subsequent trimming. Patent completed. 2805. J. HASLAM and J. LUTENER. "Improvements in healds used in looms and dressing frames." Dated December 7, 1858. This relates to metal healds for weaving, and also to the application of healds composed of metal to dressing frames used in preparing yarns for the loom. It consists in the use of several flat thin strips of metal, having two holes in their flat sides, one at or near the top, and the other at or near the middle of the strip. The top hole admits of the pas sage of a wire which suspends the strips side by side in a row, whilst the middle hole is for the warp to pass through, which it does sideways, the hole being made at right angles to the direction of such threads. The second strips are kept from moving forward or backward at their lower ends by a wire placed on either side of them at or near their lower extremities, whilst at the same time the metal strips or healds are free to be adjusted laterally. In respect to dressing frames the invention consists in the substitution of metal healds for those hitherto used. Patent aban doned. 2806. W. BURNESS. "Improvements in pumping and forcing liquids." Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in combining with machines used for pumping liquids apparatus to render the flow of the liquid uniform, notwithstanding the intermittent action of the pumping or forcing machines. For this purpose the liquid as it passes from the pumping machine is caused to enter a cylinder containing a piston of large area, and having guides to insure its rising and falling truly within the cylinder. This piston is heavily weighted. The pipe for conducting the liquid away is connected directly with the cylinder, and while the pumping is going on a uniform flow is maintained in the pipe, the rise and fall of the weighted piston compensating for the want of uniformity in the action of the pumping machine. Patent completed. 2807. S. W. PUGH. "Improvements in obtaining and purifying naphtha, paraffine, and other oils, and also spirits.' Dated December 7, 1858. In obtaining paraffine oil the invention consists in operating upon bituminous coals when they are mixed with charcoal made from gas, pitch, and blood, chalk, lime, or other earthy matters; also any of the oxides of iron or other metallic carbonates or hydrates. The coal, &c., is to be placed in retorts, and operated upon by heat according to the method of conducting destructive distillation. The paraffine oil thus obtained is purified in the following manner :-The oil is placed in an iron vessel coated with zinc, and treated with from 10 to 20 per cent, of sulphuric acid, and the whole well stirred. When it has well settled, the oil is drawn off into another iron vessel and treated with a solution of caustic alkali, caustic lime, 2809. M. A. F. MENNONS. "An improved apparatus for ascertaining and registering the work of certain kinds of lever balances." (A communication.) Dated December 7, 1858. This consists in a registering apparatus to be used in combination with the ordinary steelyards or plate and lever balances, known on the continent as "Bascules à Romaine," the work of which is, by the aid of this arrangement, ascertained and printed in figures corresponding to the weight of the charge. Patent completed. 1450. T. W. Jones. Stereoscopic glasses for single pictures. Dated June 18, 1859. 1472. J. Firth and J. Crabtree. Improvements in the manufacture of carpets. Dated June 21, 1859. 1494. L. D. Owen. Improvements in machinery for manufacturing bolts and nails. A communication. Dated June 27, 1859. 1532. R. Dick. Keeping accounts current in printed form, for addressing cards, circulars, papers, and periodicals of all kinds, with great rapidity, by the aid of a very simple machine, which is a constitu ent part of this invention. 1544. A. McDougall. Improvements in the 1585. H. Harris. An improved method of connectpreparation of disinfecting and antiseptic sub-ing together the parts of which bedsteads and other furniture are composed. stances. 1553. E. Francis. Apparatus for facilitating the "making up" or the packing of sugar, and other articles of grocery and other substances. 1555. R. Kay, J. Manock, J. Whittaker, and T. Booth. Improvements in machinery for slubbing, roving, spinning, and doubling cotton, and other fibrous materials. 1556. W. Bestwick. Improvements in crinolinesteel for ladies' dresses, skirts, and other similar purposes. 1557. R. A. Brooman. Improvements in lithographic and chromolithographic presses. A communication. 1558. L. Boigeol. Improved machinery for wind. ing and twisting fibrous materials. 1559. T. Bell. Improvements in the manufacture of manure. 1565. J. R. Beard. Improvements in the manunufacture of artificial whalebone, applicable to umbrellas, parasols, stays, hats, bonnets, reeds, crinolines, and other similar purposes. 1566. A. Jones. Improvements in machinery or apparatus for drawing-in, twisting, or looming textile materials. 1567. B. Standen. Improvements in the deodorizing and separation of fecal and putrescent organic matters, in the preparation or manufacture therefrom of a portable artificial manure or fertilising compound, and in apparatus to be employed in such preparation or manufacture. 1568. A. Carron. An improved loom for the manufacture of silk and other velvet. A communication. 1569. N. Ardaseer. An improved method of making steam-boilers. 1570. J. B. Howell. ment of iron. Improvements in the treat 1571. E. W. Carter. or apparatus for sewing. 1572. E. A. Wood and M. D. Rogers. Improved apparatus for raising and lowering boats. Improvements in machinery 1573. S. Fisher. Improvements in ordnance and projectiles. 1574. R. Royds and A. Harcourt. An improved composition for protecting the bottoms of ships and other structures of iron. 1575. W. Riddle. Improvements in advertisement show cards or boards. 1576. W. E. Kenworthy. Improvement in purify. ing gas, and saving of lime in the said purifying. 1577. M. Bogg. Improvements in washing machines. Dated July 2, 1859. 1578. C. H. Pennycook. Improvements in ventilators and ventilating flue or chimney tops. 1579. R. W. Morville. Improvements in mechanism, or arrangements for suspending and securing window sashes. A communication. 1580. T. J. Hart. Improvements in breech-loading fire-arms. 1581. C. G. Guy, J. Brough, and R. Cotton. An improved upright steam boiler. 1582. E. Fourmaux, jun. A new weaving-loom. 1583. C. H. G. Williams. Improvements in dyeing fabrics and yarns. 1584. II. Hirsch. Improvements in screw propellers. cess of manufacture at the rolls. tion. 1599. J. Watkins and J. Pugh. Improvements in lubricating wheels. Dated July 6, 1859. 1601. J. Luis. An apparatus for washing wool, manufactured or not, and all other matters. A com munication. 1603. J. Horton. A new or improved gas meter. 1605. S. B. Haskard. Improvements in the manufacture of hook guides used in machines for the making of lace or other fabrics. 1607. L. Schwartzkopff and F. C. Philippson. Improvements in steam hammers, and in machines for cutting files, and for planing and grooving iron, stone and other substances. 1609. J. T. Edmonds. Improvements in winnow. ing or corn cleaning machines, parts of which are applicable for other screening or sifting purposes. Dated July 7, 1859. 1613. J. Knowelden and D. Edwards. Improvements in hydraulic engines and pumps, and the employment of apparatus for applying motive power. 1615. Sir F. C. Knowles, Bart. Improvements in making iron castings. 1617. W. Robinson. Improvements in cask washing machines. PATENT APPLIED FOR WITH COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. 1621. W. Wait. Manufacturing bonnets, hats, and other articles, partly or entirely from the leaves of the palm tree or other flat or thin material. Dated July 8, 1859. NOTICES OF INTENTION TO PROCEED WITH PATENTS. (From the London Gazette, July 19, 1859.) 588. R. Leake and M. Sykes. Furnaces. 595. J. Aspinall. Evaporating in vacuo. 601. A. Booth and A. Booth, jun. Tags for laces. 605. J. N. Ryder. Preserving fruits. 612. J. R. Nicholson. Needles. 616. J. Cooke. Giving signals. 626. R. Hellard. Reaping and mowing. 627. S. Wheatcroft. Goffering machines. 629. F. Clarke. Preparing peat. 631. J. Cunliffe, F. Piggott, and G. Mallinson. Woven fabrics. €36. J. Thornton. Bricks, tiles, &c. 648. J. S. Dawes. Collecting night soil. 673. C. Garnett. Ginning cotton. 700. J. W. Hart. Destroying insects. A communication. 709. W. Hudson and C. Catlow. Looms. 733. C. A. Watkins. Brushes. 754. H. Rigby. Motive power. 758. W. E. Newton. Ovens. A communication. 911. D. Doig. Gas lamps. A communication. 1086. J. Morison and J. Morison, jun. Looms. 1287. J. Harmer. Gas-meters. Partly a communication. 1320. W. H. Graveley. Aerating sea water; cooking and baking. 1347. A. Suter. Furniture castor. 1387. P. Salmon. 1480. R. Laming. Valves. Purifying gas. 1493. A. Parkes. Cylinders and tubes. 1494. L. D. Owen. Bolts and nails. A communication. 1541. J. M. J. Baillie. Tanning. A communication. 1605. S. D. Haskard. Hook guides. The full titles of the patents in the above list can be ascertained by referring back to their numbers in the list of provisional protections previously published. Opposition can be entered to the granting of a patent to any of the parties in the above list who have given notice of their intention to proceed, within twenty-one days from the date of the Gazette in which the notice appears, by leaving at the Commissioners' office particulars in writing of the objection to the application. LIST OF SEALED PATENTS. Sealed July 13, 1859. s d s d Is d s d s d S d 25560 7 28210 3 28301 3 2940 0 3 2850,0 928600 7 27710 8 2822 0 10 28310 3 2841 0 3,28510 10 28610 3 2813,0 10 28230 328320 3 28420 328520 3:28621 2514 0 328210 3 28330 32843 0 72853) 628630 6 2816 0 3 28250 628340 32844 0 3 2854) 7 28040 7 25170 32826 0 1128350 S 28450 32855,0 628650 3 28180 52827 0 6: 2837 0 6 2846 0 3 28570 3 28660 10 28190 628281 202838'0 92817,1 4 28580 10 28680 10 282010 32829 0 10 2839 0 32849 0 428590 6 2869/0 10 NOTE.-Specifications will be forwarded by post from the Great Seal Patent Office (publishing department) on receipt of the amount of price and postage. Sums exceeding 5s. must be remitted by Post Office Order, made payable at the Post Office, High Holborn, to Mr. Bennet Woodcroft, Great Seal Patent Office. |
