9

99

99

System of Measurement, The Decimal, 83

Colouring,” “The Principles and Practice of Harmo-

B.
Reefing Sails for the Royal Navy, Cun.

nious, 266
ningham's, 290

Commissioners' of patents report of 1858, the, 03
Balloons for reconnoitring, 28

Committee of council on education, 28
The Decimal, 17
Balloon trip, American, 61

on dockyard 'economy, report on the Admi-
Telegraph Cable,
Hearder's Submarine, 297
Bastier's patent pump, 283

ralty, 86, 107
Beardmore's "Globe telegraph," 10, 54
??
Cables, New Submarine, 1, 83, 293
The Laying of Submarine, 65
Beckford and another c. the Royal Mail Steam Packet Compasses of iron ships, the, 215

Compass, Maillard's patent, 171

Company, 376
Testimonial Fund, The Cort, 369
Bee's celí, on the angle of dock gates and the roof of the,

Completo specifications, patents applied for with, 16, 32,

48, 64, 19, 128, 176, 192, 208, 239, 304, 252, 368, 399, 424
Training of Shipwright Officers, The, 353

358

Composition for coating iron ships' bottoms, 359
Trial of
Patent Cases, The, 369
Bells, Mr. Loseby on, 347

Compound Interest,” Thoman's "Theory of, 231
Insinkable Ships, 291, 305

Big Ben, 234, 235, 301, 381
shonld be suspended, how, 264, 283

Concussion and Percussion shells, 283, 300
Ventilation of Dwellings, The, 260

Condensation, on surface, 261
Blackburn's patent traction engine, 376
Victoria, The New Screw Line-of-Battle Ship, 305

Condensers for marine engines, Samuel and Nicholson's
Black's “Wages, trades' unions, and strikes," 342
Tares, The Measurement of, 321

patent paddle-wheel, 25
Blakely (Captain) on the Armstrong gun, 166
Westminster Clock, The, 147

Construction, screw propellers and their, 253, 268
Blyth, breakwater at the port of, 70, 90

Contract, coining by, 314
Woolwich Experiments on Cast Iron, The, 162
Boat-releasing apparatus, Wood and Rogers', 105

Converting cast-iron guns into breech-loaders, 187
Working Man, History of his Progress, The, 68

Boats, Clifford's system of lowering, 11, 26, 42, 60, 75, 105,

124, 221, 253, 316, 413

Cooking apparatuses, Graveley's patent improved distil-
Man's Poetry by the Poet Laureate, 133 Boiler float, Walker's patent fricktionless steam, 280

ling and, 391
Workman and his Work, Mr. Ruskin on the, 274

Copper coinage, the old, 204, 220
Bolts, vertical fire with arrows or, 201

or bronze coinage, the intended new, 300
Workman, The Education of Mechanical, 18
Books, list of new, 10, 53, 139, 169, 183, 231, 266, 301, 309,

Cops, Fielden's patent, 395
Work, Mr. Ruskin on the Workman and his, 274

324, 357, 381, 390

Cornwall Polytechnic Society," " Annual Report of the
Works department of the Admiralty, The New, 114, Boring and sinking tools, Allison's improved, 199

Royal, 342
146
Bowring, Sir John, 220

Correspondents, notices to, 140, 155, 172, 204, 236, 284
Boydell's traction engine, 119
Esplosions at Gunpowder, 2

Cort and his inventions in the manufacture of British iron,
Brake apparatus, Hall's patent railway, 91
Wreck Chart, The, 69

for railway trains, new, 164

the case of Henry, 3, 36, 52, 85, 100, 117, 355, 387, 422

testimonial fund, the, 186, 394, 395
Of the Royal Charter, The, 280
Brakes for railway trains, on experiments to determine the

Court's patent gas-burners, 185
efficiency of continuous and self-acting, 228

Crinoline and brass wire, 395
railway, 413

Crossley and others o. Talbot, 376
Brass wire, crinoline and, 395
Breakwater at the port of Blyth, 70, 90

Crossley's patent jacquard machinery for weaving carpets,

376
Breakwaters, Richardson and Jaffrey's improved, 312
Breech-loading small arms, 135, 155

Crust, on the earth's internal temperature and the thick-

ness of its solid, 183
Brick and tile machinery, Clayton's patent, 361

Crystal Palace, the, 155
MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES.
Brickmaking machine, 171

Cunningham's patent reefing gear, 268, 832
Bridge over the St. Lawrence, the great Victoria, 147

Curtain's patent carpets, 364
British Association, the, 107, 183, 195, 215, 216, 277, 231,

Curtain v. Crossley and others, 364
4,

234, 253, 261, 267, 268, 279, 281, 282, 358

Cylinder expansion marine engines, double, 830
Abridged specifications of patents, 13, 29, 46, 61, 76, 93,

iron, the case of Henry Cort and his inventions in
108, 121, 140, 156, 172, 187, 205, 221, 236, 253, 269, 285, the manufacture of, 3, 36, 52, 85, 100, 117,

355, 387, 422 | Cylinders, the strength of glass globes and, 139
302, 317, 332, 349, 365, 381, 896, 414

Bronze coinage, the intended new copper or, 124, 168, 300
Brunel, the late Mr., 198

D.
Accident on board the Great Eastern, the, 179
* Account of the invention of the steam-jet," Gurney's, 231

Bullion rooms, the construction of, 316
Admiralty committee on dockyard economy, report of the
Bunnett's patent self-supporting fire-proof floors, roofs, and

Death of Mr. John Fincham, 380
86, 107
arches, 8

Deep-sea pressure gauge, the, 282
experiments on iron-sided ships, 137
Busk's "Naries of the world," 138, 150, 168

Defences, the national, 86, 301

Delamot te's " Examples of Modern Alphabets," 342
new works department of the, 187, 220

Denny's life buoy, 253
Aërial navigation, 252, 268

C.

Density of steam at all temperatures, experimental re-
Agricultural exhibition in St. Petersburg, 232

searches to determine the, 279
society of England, royal, 12, 37, 39, 45 Cable, an extraordinary, 268

Desiccated Milk Company (limited) v. Fadenilhe, the, 107
""the journal of the royal, Atlantic, 93, 151

Designs for articles of utility registered, list of, 80, 144,
231 Cables, electric telegraph, 92, 100, 204

224, 288, 252
show, royal, 25

ships' chain, 331, 365, 380, 396
Air engines, Laubereau's patent, 185
Cable, the Tasmanian submarine, 394

Dial, Captain Toovey's azimuth, 390

Dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines," Hunt's
, the navigation of the, 202, 220
Cage for miners, on a safety, 234

“ Ure's, 307, 357
Allison's improved boring and sinking tools, 199
Calcutta Mint, the new, 184

Distilling and cooking apparatuses, Graveley's patent
Almanack for 1860," "Cassell's illustrated, 357
Canada, opening of the Victoria-bridge, 573

improved, 391
Alma, wreek of the, 156, 186
Canals, steam towage on, 300

Distributing seeds and manure, Newington's apparatus
Alphabets," Delamotte's “Examples of modern, 312 Cannon for gunboats, Thomas's heayy rifled, 169

for, 296
Amazon, stcam navigation on the river, 314

Jeffries' long-range, 171

Diving apparatus, Heinke's patent, 248
American balloon trip. 61

rifled, 93, 124

Dock gates and the roof of the bee's cell, on the angle of,
ship signals, Ward's, 73

rifling large, 59
submarine war vessel, the, 56

the manufacture of, 57, 73

Dockyard economy, report of the Admiralty Committee
timber, on the weight and

strength of, 390 Carlingford (Lord) on the Griffith's screw, 27, 76
Ancient modes of coining money in England, 244

on, 86, 107
Carpet cloth, Dunn's patent, 44

Dockyards, task-work v. day-work in the, 59
Animals, protection of, 332

Carpets, Crossley's patent jacquard machinery for weav- Douglas' (Sir Howard) improvements on the screw pro-
“ Annual report of the royal Cornwall polytechnic society,"

ing, 376

peller, 153, 301
312
Curtain's patent, 364

Doulton v. Stiff, 12
Antiquities, railway, 204

Cartridge, Norton's gossamer, 301, 360
Antisell's "Manufacture of photogenic or hydro-carbon Case of Henry Cort and his inventions in the manufacture

Drawing-rosim portrait gallery of eminent personages,"

"the, 231
oils," 341

of British iron, 3, 36, 52, 85, 100, 117, 355, 387, 429 Drilling machinery of Messrs. Sharp, Stewart, and Co., the
Appeal an, 284, 301, 316, 364, 413

"Cassell's Illustrated Almanack for 1860," 357
Arches, Bunnett's patent self-supporting fire-proof floors, Cast-iron girders, experiments on the strength of, 358

patent traversing, 56

Drill stock, Press's improved quick action, 376
roofs, and, 8

guns into breech-loaders, converting, 187

Drinking fountains at Kew, 107
Architecture, theory of naval, 5, 214, 326

the chemistry of, 165

fountain filter, the Gloucester corporation, 201
Arming ships of war, 124

Central fire, Dr. Hopkin's theory of a, 202, 220
steamers for war purposes, 60

free, 120, 137
Chain cables, ships', 331, 365, 380, 396

Duncan and Gwynne's patent heat-diffusers. 73
Armstrong gun, a challenge, the, 311

propeller, Robertson's patrnt, 281

Dunn's patent carpet cloth, 44
Captain Blakely on the, 166
Chaplin's steering apparatus, 360

Dust, a new method of laying, 171
the, 27, 93, 107, 135, 140, 168, 187, 356, Charter, the loss of the Royal, 379, 380, 396

380, 381

"Chart of the Royal Navy of Great Britain," Potter's, 23
Armstrong's “ High speed steam navigation and steam- Cheai River oak, 332

E.
ship perfection," 22
Chimney stalk, straightening a, 234

Earth's internal temperature, and the thickness of its
hydraulic apparatus, 235
Civil and mechanical engineers' society, 410

solid crust, on the, 183
Armstrong, Sir William, 155

engineers, institution of, 39, 316, 324, 342, 373, 411 East India steam navigation company, 236
Armstrong's (Sir William) new muzzle-loading ordnance, Clark's apparatus for heating feed-water, 313

Economy, steam-ship, 245, 268, 284, 294, S11, 331, 362, 379,
199, 264

Clark v. Ferguson, 92
Army and Navy Gazettee, 413

395, 413
Clayton's patent brick and tile machinery, 361

Educated female labour, 348
Arrows or bolts, vertical fire with, 201

Clegg's " Practical Treatise on the Manufacture of Coal- Education, committee of council on, 28
Art department, the science and, 104

Electric cables, coiled, 267
Artesian weil at Wolverhampton, 234
Clifford's system of lowering boats, 11, 26, 42, 60, 75, 105,

telegraph cables, 92, 106, 204
Artificial light, a new, 407

124, 221, 253, 316, 413 Electro magnetic coil, 76, 107, 140
in photography, application of, 26
Clock, the Westminster, 103, 140, 263

Elephant, faylor's patent steam, 233
statuary marble, 171

Cloth, Dunn's patent carpet, 44
Artillery, wadding for, 394

Elongated pointed rifle shot for vertical fire, 168, 381
Club implement show, the Smithfield, 389
Artistic copyright committee, 45

Embossing and stamping press and stamp affixer, Lock's,
Coal-burning locomotives, 230, 326

344
Arts, manufactures and mines," Hunt's “ Ure's dictionary » gas,” Clegg's Practical Treatise on the Manufac- Eminent personages," "The drawing-room portrait gallery
of, 307, 357

ture of, 266

of, 231
society of, 20, 45, 326, 373, 391, 411

Coating iron ships' bottoms, compositions for, 359
Association, Coventry watchmakers'. 315

Emperor steamer, 348
Coiled electric cables, 267

Enfield rifle bayonet, the, 277
of foremen engineers, 23, 103, 171, 203, 235, Coil, electro-magnetic, 76, 107, 140

Enfield rifle pattern 1853, the, 149
316, 375 Coinage," Jacia's “ Remarks on, 266

the small arms factory at, 44, 69
the British, 107, 183, 195, 215, 216, 227, 231

the intended new copper or bronze, 124, 168, 300
234, 253, 261, 267, 268, 358

Engine at the Newcastle waterworks, the pumping, 89, 103
,, old copper, 204, 220

Blackburn's patent traction, 376
Atlantic cable, 93, 151

to the common numerical scale, on the further

Boydell's traction, 119
telegraph company, 124

adaptation of the, 309
Atmospheric phenomenon, 171

Engineering," Sleigh's " Essay on hydrographical, 45
Coining by contract, 314
Auld's apparatus for supplying steam-boilers with water,

Engineers, association of foremen, 28, 103, 171, 203, 235,
money in England, ancient modes of, 244

315, 375
366 Coin of mixed metal, 93, 418
Auxiliary steam power in the mercantile marine, on the Cole's (Capt.) patent shields for ordnance, 329

institution of civil, 39, 316, 324, 343, 373, 411
employment of, 341
Collieries, South Yorkshire, 28

mechanical, 93, 181, 217, 314
Azimuth dial, Captain Toorey's, 890

;" "Our military, 357
Colonies, the, 45

society, civil and mechanical, 410

358

9

gas," 266

3

of, 231

99

99

► escape, 268

9

Engine governor, Jensen's marine, 104, 119
Guns into breech-loaders, convetting cast-iron, 187

List of new books, 10, 53, 139, 169, 183, 231, 266, 301, 309,
governors, Silver's patent marine and stationary, 232 Gun, the Armstrong, 27, 93, 135, 140, 168, 187, 341, 356,

324, 357, 381, 390
-room telegraphs, Suffield's, 421

380, 381

sealed patents, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144,
Engines, double cylinder expansion marine, 330
Gurney's "Account of the invention of the steam-jet," 231

176, 192, 208, 224, 240, 256, 272, 288, 304, 320,
of war," Jervis's, 231
Gwynne's patent heat diffusers, Duncan and, 73

336, 352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424
Samuel and Nicholson's patent paddle-wheel con-

Literary and Philosophical Society, Manchester, 279, 295,
densers for marine, 25

H.

316, 357, 376
England, ancient modes of coining money in, 244
royal agricultural society of, 12, 27, 45
Hadlow's linen marker, 394

Literature, 10, 22, 45, 122, 138, 231, 266, 278, 307, 324, 311,

357
;"*" The journal of the royal agricultural society Hall's patent railway brake apparatus, 91
Harmonious colouring,” “The principles and practice Lock's embossing and stamping press and stamp affixer,

Liverpool telegraph, Holyhcad and, 25
Engraving, photoglyphic, 218
of, 266

SH
Ermen u. Liddle, 133

Harwood and others v. the Great Northern Railway Com- Locomotives, coal-burning, 230, 326
“Essay on hydrographical engineering," Sleigh's, 45

pany, 376

Logarithms for numbers less than unity, rule to facilitate
“Examples of modern alphabets," Delamotte's, 342 Heat-diffusers, Duncan and Gwynne's patent, 73

the use of, 283
Exhibition of 1861, 28, 107

on the true action of what are called, 282

" Johnstone's "Elementary treatise on, 308
Experimental researches to determine the density of steam experiments and observations on, 378, 404, 418 London and Mediterranean Steam Company, 348
at all temperatures, 279
Heating feed-water, Clark's apparatus for, 313

sewage, 364
screw propeller, the, 7
Heat of different qualities through gases of different kinds,

the geological society of, 12, 27, 343, 575, 412
Experiments and observations on heat, 378, 404, 418

on the transmission of, 294

Lord and others, Fielden ., 395
in gunnery, on, 169
Heinke's patent diving apparatus, 248

Loseby (Mr.) on Big Ben, 235
on irod-sided ships, admiralty, 137
Help for Seamen, 359

on bells, 346
the strength of cast-iron girders, 358

"High speed steam navigation and steam-ship perfection, Loss of the Royal Charter, the, 379, 380, 396
to determine the efficiency of continuous and Armstrong's, 22

Lowering boats, Clifford's system of, 11, 26, 42,105, 124,
self-acting breaks for railway trains, on, 228

Hinges, &c., Oxley's patent, 395
Hogg's'" Gardeners' year-book,” 357

221, 263, 316, 413

Ludlum's patent life-boat, 343
Holden, Oxley v., 395
F.

Lungley's steering-signal apparatus, 154
Holyhead and Liverpool telegraph, 25
Fabrics, non-inflammalle, 309, 332

Hooks, Captain Kynaston's disengaging, 13, 107
Hopkins's (Dr.) theory of a central fire, 202

M.
Facilitate the use of logarithms for numbers less than

Horticultural society, 187
unity, rule to, 283

Machine, the sewing, 7, 22, 37
Hot-blast iron question, the, 235
Factories at Woolwich, royal gun, 316

Macnee v. Nimmo, 155
Factory at Enfield, the small arms, 44, 69

used in iron-making, the invention of the, 358 Magnetical research," Scoresby's "Journal of a. voyage

Hull, the progress of steam navigation at, 231
Fadeuilhe, the desiccated milk company (limited) 0., 107

round the world for, 307, 324
Human infirmities, 364
Feed-water, Clark's apparatus for heating, 313

Magnetism of ships, the, 42, 58
Ferguson, Clark v., 92

Lunt's “ Ure's dictionary of arts, manufactures, and Maillard's patent compass, 171
Fielden's patent cops, 395

mines,” 307, 357

Mail steam-packet company, Beckford and another , the
Hydraulic apparatus, Sir William Armstrong's, 235
Fielden v. Lord and others, 395

royal, 376
Fincham, death of Mr. John, 380

lift at the Victoria Docks, the, 136

Manchester literary and philosophical society, 279, 295, 316,
Hydrographical engineering," Sleigh's “Essay on, 45
Fire-bars, Stevens's pendulous, 264

357, 375
, brand, improved rifle, 119

Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway Company r.
Dr. Hopkin's theory of a central, 202, 220

I.

Wood, the, 326

Manipulation, mechanical, 381
Indian Medal, 187, 221
, engine, Shand and Mason's new steam, 24

“Manual of naval tactics," Ward's, 278
Institution of Civil Engineers, 39, 316, 324, 342, 373, 411
Roberts's, 413

Manufacture of British iron, the case of Henry Cort and
» engines, steam, 102

Mechanical Engineers, 93, 181, 217, 314

his inventions in the, 3, 36, 52, 85,f100, 147, 355, 387, 492
proof floors, roofs, and arches, Bunnett's patent self-Intention to proceed with patents, notices of, 16, 32, 48, 64,
united service, 342

cannon, the, 57, 73
supporting, 8

"photogenic or hydro-carbon oils," Anti-
80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 239, 256,
...ships, 107

sell's, 341
Fishes for railway joints, Wild's patent, 376

272, 288, 304, 319, 336, 352, 368, 382, 400, 416, 424 Manufactures, and mines,” Hunt's, “Ute's dictionary of
Fish-tail propellers, 7
Invention of the hot-blast used in iron-making, the, 358

arts, 307, 357
Flag signals, 124

of the screw propeller, the, 311
Inventions in the manufacture of British iron, the case of

Manure, Newington's apparatus for distributing teeds
Float, Walker'e patent frictionless steam boiler, 280

and, 296
Floors, roofs, and arches, Bunnett's patent self-supporting

Henry Cort and his, 3, 36, 52, 83, 100, 117, Marble, artificial statuary, 171
fire-proof, 8

355, 387, 422

Marine and stationary engine governors, Silver's patent, 232
Foremen engineers, association of, 28, 103, 171, 203, 235,

""Patents for, S08

engine governor, Jensen's, 104, 119
315, 375
Iron and steel, the strength of wrought, 314

engines, double cylinder expansion, 330
Fountain filter, the Gloucester corporation drinking, 201
» frigates, new, 395

light, a new, 136
Fountains, free drinking, 120, 137

making, the invention of the hot-blast used in, 358

lights, Silas's, 331
Fowler's steam ploughing apparatus, 41
» purifying, 13

telegraph, ocean, 133
France, life-boat system in, 284

shipbuilding, 299

Marker, Hadlow's linen, 394
Franklin relics, 303

, ship's bottonis, compositions for coating, 359

Mason and Shand's new steam fire-engine, 24,
French field pieces, new, 307

the compasses of, 215

Match, the safety, 199
floating batteries, 117

sided ships, Admiralty experiments on, 137

Maximum thermometer, Scott's, 9

steam ram, the new, 10
navy, the, 236

Measures of length, on the nomenclature of metrieal, 233
prizes for reaping machines, 72

ships, 300

Measuring machines, Whitworth's, 217
Frictionless steam boiler float, Walker's patent, 280

case of Henry Cort and his inventions in the

Mechanical engineers, institution of, 93, 181, 22, 314
Frigates, new iron, 395
manufacture of British, 3, 36, 52, 85, 100, 117, 355, 387,

engineers' society, civil and, 410

manipulation, 381

Mediterranean Steam Company, London and, 348
G.

J.

Mercantile marine, on the employment of auxiliary steam-
Galvanizing wire, 396
Jacia's “Remarks on coinage," 266

power in the, 341
“ Gardeners' year book," Hogg's, 357

Jacquard machinery for weaving carpets, Crossley's pa- Mersey's screw, the, 118
Garforth's improvements in steam-pistons, 297

tent, 376

Metal, coin of mixed, 93, 418
Gas-burners, Court's patent, 185

Jeffrey's improved breakwater, Richardson and, 312 Metallic ships, improved, 199
Gases of different kinds, on the transmission of heat of Jeffries' long-range cannon, 171

Metal sheating, yellow, 76
different qualities through, 294
Jensen's marine engine governor, 104, 119

Meteorological telegraphy, 379
Gas-fire, the carbon, 201
Jervis's “Engines of War," 231

Metrical measures of length, on the nomenclature of, 235
Gas, lighting picture galleries with, 75

Johnstone's "Elementary treatise on logarithms," 308 Middleton's punching and shearing machines, 152
Gauge, the deep-sea pressure, 282

“ Journal of a voyage round the world for magnetical Midworth, Goucher 0. 326
Generator, Scott's patent steam, 345

research," Scoresby's, 307, 321

Military engineers," "Our, 857
Geographical society, royal, 28, 325, 374, 391

the royal agricultural society of England,” Milk Company (Limited) o. Fadeuilhe, the desiccated, 107
Geological society of London, the, 12, 27, 343, 375, 412

“ The, 231

Mill-banding, Spill's new, 184, 198, 235
Geometry of sh.pbuilding, laying-off, or the, 134, 153, 264

Mill-bands, improvement in, 152
Germain's new steam-ship, 348, 365

K.

Millions, utilising the, 12
Gibson's patent steering apparatus, 24

Miners, on a safety cage for, 234
Girders, experiments on the strength of cast-iron, 358 Kew, drinking fountains at, 107

Mines,” Hunt's “Ure's dictionary of arts, manufactures,
Glasgow, philosophical society of, 412
Royal gardens at, 236

and, 307, 357
Glass globes and cylinders, the strength of, i39
Kites in cases of shipwreck, use of, 414

,, lighting, 380
"Globe telegraph," Beardmore's, 10, 54
Kynaston's (Captain) disengaging hooks, 13, 107

Mint, money-making at the Royal, 4, 13, 21, 28, 38, 54
Gloucester corporation drinking fountain filter, thíc, 201

the new Calcutta, 184
Glover's “Polymeter or Quintant," 23

L.

Money in England, ancient modes of coining, 244
Goucher v. Midworth, 326

making at the Royal Mint, 4, 13, 21, 28, 38, 54
Governor, Jenson's marine engine, 104, 119
Lamp, on a submarine, 267

Monster troop steamer, 329
Governors, Silver's patent marine and stationary engine, Lamps for the navy, improved signal, 91

Mowing and reaping machines at Warwick, trials of, 59
232 Lamp, the stella, 300

Murray's patent improved chain pumps, 408
Graveley's patent improved distilling and cooking appara- Laubereau's patent air-engines, 185

Myria-type, 9
tuses, 391

Law cases, 12, 39, 60, 92, 107, 133, 155, 326, 361, 376, 395
Great Britain, “Samuel Brothers'," Woollen manufactures

» patent, 300
of, 123
Laws, reform in the patent, 213

X
Great Eastern, Admiral Paris on the, 201
Laying dust, a new method of, 171

National defence commission, 165
explosion, the, 179, 219, 249
Laying-off, or the geometry of shipbuilding, 134, 153, 264

defences, the, 86, 301
roll, will the, 154, 253
Liddle, Erwen v., 133

Gallery, the, 381
the, 27, 44, 133, 140, 155, 165, 183, 184, 187. Life-boat, Ludlum's patent, 343

Naval architecture, theory of, 5, 214, 326
219, 235, 267, 280, 295, 348, 372, 380
services, 348

Tactics," Ward's "Manual of, 278
trial trip, the, 252, 276

• system in France, 284

“ Navies of the World,” Busk's, 138, 150, 168
* Northern Railway Company, Harwood and others v. buoy, Dennys', 233

Navigation, aërial, 252, 268
the, 376
Lift at the Victoria Docks, the hydraulic, 136

and steam-ship perfection,” Armstrong's
ship’s trials, the, 212
Light, a new artificial, 407

“high speed steam, 22
Griffith's screw, Lord Carlingford on the, 27, 41, 76

marine, 136

at Hull, the progress of steam, 231
v. Turner, 60
Lighting mines, 380

of the air, the, 202, 220
Grimshaw's
pneumatic apparatus, Taylor and, 233
picture galleries with gas, 75

on the river Amazon, steam, 314
Gunboats, Thomas's heavy rifled canno 169

Light in photography,

of artificial, 26

Navy, improved signal lamps for the, 91
Gun, Captain Blakely on the Armstrong, 166
Lights, Silas's marine, 331

of Great Britain," Potter's “Chart of the Royal, 23
,, factories at Woolwich, royal, 316
Light woods and unsinkable ships, 379

the French, 236
Gunnery, on experiments in, 169
Linen marker, Hadlow's, 394

Newcastle waterworks, the pumping engine at the, 89, 103

99

the

95

9

Newington's apparatus for distributing seeds and manure, Prizes for reaping machines, French, 72

Sawdust and wood-cuttings, 301
296 Proceedings of societies, 12, 27, 45, 93, 279, 295, 314, 324, Schah Jehan, wreck of the, 232
New Works Department of the Admiralty, 187, 220

312, 357, 373, 391, 411 Science and art department, the, 104
York, 414
Proceed with patents, notices of intention to, 16, 32, 48, 64,

social, 235
Nicholson's patent paddle-wheel condensers for marine 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 239, 256,

," Timbs's “ Stories of inventors and discoverers
engines, Samuel and, 25
272, 288, 304, 319, 336, 352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424

in, 357
Nimmo, Macnee o., 155
Propeller, Griffith's screw, 44

the Prince Consort on, 195
Nomenclature of metrical measures of length, on the, 235

Robertson's patent chain, 281

Scientific relief fund, 414
Non-inflammable fabrics, 309, 332
Propellers and their construction, screw, 253, 268

Scoresby's “Journal of a voyage round the world for
Norton's (Capt.) gossamer cartridge, 301, 360

fish-tail, 7

magnetical research," 307, 324
ordnance rifle bolt, 152

screw, 44

Scott's maximum thermometer, 9
Note on a patent, 155

Sir Howard Douglas's improvements on the

patent steam generator, 344
Notices of intention to proceed with patents, 16, 32, 48, 61,

screw, 153, 301

Screw and the propeller, the, 297, 332, 348
80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, Propeller, steam-rocket, 364

Lord Carlingford on the Griffith's, 27, 76
239, 256, 272, 288, 304, 319, 336, 352, 368, 384,
the experimental screw, 7

propeller, Griffith's, 44
400, 416, 424
,, invention of the screw, 311

the invention of the, 311
to correspondents, 140, 155, 172, 204, 236, 284

screw and the, 297, 332, 348

propellers, 44
Numerical scale, on the further adaptation of the coinage Protection of animals, 332

and their construction, 253, 268
to the common, 309
Provisional protections, 15, 32, 48, 63, 79, 96, 111, 127, 143,

Sir Howard Douglas's improvements on
159, 175, 191, 208, 224, 239, 355, 271, 287, 303,

the, 153, 301
0.
319, 335, 352, 367, 383, 399, 416. 423

the experimental, 7
registrations, 80, 144, 224, 288, 352

ships of war, 201
Ocean Marine Telegraph, 133
Prussian armament, 107

steamer City of Baltimore, 365
Oils," Antisell's "Manufactures of photogenic or hydro- Pump, Bastier's patent, 283

steam ships, the steering of, 137
carbon, 341

Pumping engine at the Newcastle waterworks, the, 89, 103 Sealed patents, list of, 16, 82, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144,
Opening of the Victoria-bridge, Canada, 378
Pump, Professor Thomson's centrifugal, 408

176, 192, 208, 224 240, 256, 272, 288, 304, 320, 336, 352,
Oppenheim's "Comparative value of certain salts for ren- Pumps, Murray's patent improved chain, 408

368, 384, 400, 416, 424
dering fabrics non-inflammable," Versmann and, 357 Punching and shearing machines, Middleton's, 152

Seamen, help for, 359
Ordinance, Captain Cole's patent shields for, 329
Purification of water, on the supply and, 229

Sea-sickness, 396
rifle bolt, Capt. Norton's, 152
Purifying iron, 13

Seeds and manure, Newington's apparatus for distributing,
Sir William Armstrong's new muzzle-loading,

296
199, 264

Q.

Service institution, united, 312
," Thomas's “Rifled, 122

Sewage, London, 364
Quick-action drill-stock, Press's improved, 376
Oxley's patent hinges, &c., 395
Quintant," Glover's " Polymeter or, 23

Sewing machine, the, 7, 22, 37
Oxley c. Holden, 395

Shand

and Mason's new steam fire engine, 24

Shannon, the old, 171
R.

Sharp, Stewart, and Co., the patent traversing drilling
P.
Railway antiquities, 204

machinery of Messrs., 56
Paddle-wheel condensers for marine engines, Samuel and Railway brake apparatus, Hall's patent, 91

Shearing machines, Middleton's punching and, 152
Nicholson's patent, 25

brakes, 413

Shells, concussion and percussion, 283, 300
Palace for the People, the, 61

company » Wood, the Manchester, Sheffield, and

Shields for ordnance, Captain Cole's patent, 329
Panorama, the pocket stereoscopic, 200

Lincolnshire, 326

Shipbuilding, iron, 299
Parallel motion safety valve, Poole's, 390
joints, Wild's patent fishes for, 376

laying-off, or the geometry of, 134, 153, 264
Paris (Admiral) on the Great Eastern, 204

signals and war appliances, 380

Ships, admiralty experiments on iron-sided, 137
trains, an improved method of retarding and

and rafts, unsinkable, 363
Parliamentary proceedings, 93

chain cables, 331, 365, 380, 396

stopping, 296, 364
Patent adamas, 394
law, 300
trains, new brake for, 164

improved metallic, 199

iron steam, 300
laws, reform in the, 213

trains, on experiments to determine the efficiency of
continuous and self-acting breaks for, 228

light woods and unsinkable, 379
note on a, 155
paddle-wheel condensers for marine engines, Samuel Ram, the great steam, 10, 44, 60, 61, 92

of war, arming, 124
and Nicholson's, 25
Reaping machines at Warwick, trials of mowing and, 59

screw, 201
Patents, abridged specifications of, 13, 29, 46, 61, 76, 93,

French prizes for, 72

what is to be done with our sailing, 118
108, 121, 140, 156, 172, 187, 205, 221, 236, 253, Reefing gear, Cunningham's patent, 268, 332

the compasses of iron, 215
269, 285, 302, 317, 332, 349, 365, 381, 396, 414 Reform in the patent laws, 213

the navigation of, 42, 58
applied for with complete specifications, 16, 32, Registered, list of designs for articles of utility, 80, 144, trials, the great, 212
*48, 64, 79, 128, 176, 192, 208, 239, 304, 352, 368,

224, 288, 353 Tyssen's apparatus for indicating the speed of, 281
399, 424
Registrations, provisional, 80, 144, 224, 288, 352

unsinkable, 310, 332, 348, 363, 379
Patent self-supporting fire-proof floors, roofs, and arches, Relief fund, scientific, 414

Shipwrecks, use of kites in cases of, 414
Bunnett's, 8
“Remarks on coinage", Jacia's 266

Shot, elongated expanded, 381
Report of the Admiralty committee on dockyard economy,

Show, royal agricultural society's, 25
Patents for inventions, 308
list of sealed, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144,

86, 107

the Smithfield club implement, 389
176, 192, 208, 224, 240, 256, 272, 288, 304, 320,

royal Cornwall polytechnic society," "annual,

Signal lamps for the navy, improved, 91
336, 352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424

342

Signalling through long submarine telegraphs, on the ra-
notices of intention to proceed with, 16, 32, 48, 64,

, 1858, the commissioners of patents, 90

pidity of, 216
80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224,
Rettie's syetem of telegraphing, 365

Signals and war appliances, railway, 380
239, 256, 272, 288, 304, 319, 336, 352, 368, 384, Richardson and Jaffrey's improved breakwatere, 313
Rhodes' (Major) tents 123, 155

Silas's marine lights, 331

Silk from cocoons, winding, 414
400, 416, 424
on which the seventh year's stamp duty has been
Richard, the patent super-founding company (limited) V.

Silver's patent marine and stationary engine governors, 232

Silvers, Tuck 3., 364
paid, 208, 224, 240, 256, 272, 288, 304, 320, 336,

Silvertown, 403
Rifle-barrel, how to make a, 180
352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424
on which the third year's stamp duty has been bolt, Capt. Norton's ordnance, 152

Sinking tools, Allison's improved boring and, 199
Rifled ball, 75

Sir John Bowring, 220
paid, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 114, 160,

Sir William Armstrong, 155
cannon, 93, 124
176, 192, 208, 224, 240, 256, 272, 288, 304, 320,

for gun-boats, Thomas's heavy, 169

Skid, Poupard's improved wheel, 360
336, 352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424

ordnance," Thomas' 122

Sleigh's “Essay on hydrographical engineering," 15
report of 1858, the Commissioners of, 90
Rifle fire-brand, improved, 119

Small-arms, breech-loading, 135, 155
Patent steering apparatus, Gibson's, 24
traversing drilling machinery of Messrs. Sharp, pattern 1853, the Enfield, 149

factory at Enfield, the, 44, 69
Rifles for the Volunteer corps, 12

Smithfield club implement show, the, 389
Stewart, and Co., the, 56
Rifle shot for vertical fire, elongated pointed, 168

Social science, 235
Panchontee, 45
Peace throughout the world, universal, 204
Rifling large cannon, 59

Society, Manchester literary and philosophical, 279, 295,
Percussion shells, concussion and, 283, 300
Roberts' fire-engine, 413

316, 357, 375
Performance of steam vessels, on the, 261
Robertson's patent chain propeller, Wood and, 281

of Arts, 20, 45, 326, 373, 391, 411
Philosopbical society, Manchester literary and, 279, 295; Rogers' boat releasing apparatus, Wood and, 105
Rocket propeller, steam, 364

England, royal agricultural, 12, 27, 39

" "The journal of the royal agricul-
316, 357, 375
Roof of the bee's cell, on the angle of dock gates and the,

tural, 231
of Glasgow, 412

358
Photogenic or hydro-carbon oils,” Antiseil's “Manufacture

London, the geological, 12, 27, 343, 375, 412
Roofs, and arches, Bunnet's patent self-supporting fire-

royal geographical, 28, 325, 374, 391
of, 341
proof floors, 8

show, royal agricultural, 25
Photoglyphic engraving, 218
Royal agricultural society of England, 12, 27, 39, 45

South Yorkshire collieries, 28
“ Photographic News" and ventilation, 13

«The journal of Specifications, list of, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160,
process, new, 199

the, 231

176, 192, 208, 224, 240, 256, 288, 304, 320,
Photography, application of artificial light in, 26

show, 25

336, 352, 368, 384, 400, 416, 424 •
Picture galleries with gas, lighting, 75
Charter, 348, 380, 396

of patents, abridged, 13, 39, 46, 61, 76, 93,
Piston-packing, Tuck's patent, 364

the loss of the, 379, 380
Pistons, Garforth's improvements in steam, 297

108, 124, 140, 156, 172, 187, 205, 221, 236,
» geographical society, 28, 325, 374, 391

253, 269, 285, 302, 317, 332, 349, 365, 381,
Ploughing apparatus, Fowler's steam, 41
gun factories at Woolwich, 316

396, 414
Ploughs, Tasker's patent improvements in, 153
, institution, 294

patents applied for with complete, 16, 32,
Pneumatic apparatus, Taylor and Grimshaw's, 233
Pocket stereoscopic panorama, the, 200
» Mint, money-making at the, 4, 13, 21, 28, 38, 45, 5-1

48, 64, 79, 128, 176, 192, 208, 239, 304,
* Polymeter or quintant,” Glover's, 23
navy of Great Britain," Potters "Chart of the, 23

352, 369, 399, 424
Polytechnic society," " Annual report of the royal Corn-

Rule to facilitate the use of logarithms for numbers less Speed of ships, Tyssen's apparatus for indicating the, 281

than unity, 283
wall, 342

Spill's new mill-banding, 184, 198, 235
Poole's parallel-motion safety valve, 390
Russian frigate General Admiral, 140

Stamp affixer, Lock's embossing and stamping press, and, 544

Statue of George Stephenson, 187, 284
Port of Blythe, breakwater at the, 70, 90
Portrait gallery of eminent personages," "The drawing-

s.

Steam at all temperatures, experimental researches to de-
room, 231

termine the density of, 279
Safety cage for miners, on a, 234
Potter's "Chart of the royal navy of Great Britain," 23

boilers with water, Auld's apparatus for supplying,
lock, 93

360
Poupard's improved wheel skid, 360
" Practical treatise on the manufacture of coal-gas," sailing, 363

match, the, 199

company, London and Mediterranean, 348
Clegg's, 266

elephant, Taylor's patent, 233

ships of war, what is to be done with our, 118 Steamer, a small steel, 151
Prese's improved quick-action drill-stock, 376

Salts for rendering fabrics non-inflammable," Versmann
Pressure gauge, the deep-sea, 282

monster troop, 329
and Oppenheim's "Comparative value of certain, 357 Steamers for war purposes, arming, 60
Prince Consort on science, the, 195

Samuel and Nicholson's patent paddle-wheel condensers
Principles and practice of harmonious colouring," "" The,

Steam fire-engines, 102
for marine engines, 25

firc-engine, Shand and Mason's new, 24
266

Brothers' " Woollen manufactures of Great
Prize for essays for inventions, 414

Britain," 123

generator, Scott's patent, 344
jet,” Gurney's “ Account of the invention of the, 231

39

.

2

91

99

19

Steam navigation at Hull, the progress of, 231
Telegraph,” Beardmore's “Globe, 10, 54

v.
Company, East India, 236

cables, electric, 92, 106, 204
on the river Amazon, 314

company, Atlantic, 124

Valve, Poole's parallel motion safety, 390
on the relative effects of dense and superheated, 406

from Egypt to Turkey, 201

Ventilation, Van Hecke's system of, 23
pistons, Garforth's improvements in, 297

from Falmouth to Gibraltar, 93, 204, 253 Versmann and Openheim's Comparative value of certain
ploughing apparatus, Fowler's, 41

Holyhead and Liverpool, 25

salts for rendering fabrics non-inflammable,” 357
power in the mercantile marine, or the employment Telegraphic signals, 88

Vertical fire, elongated pointed rifle shot for, 168
of auxiliary, 341
Telegraphing, Rettie's system of, 365

with arrows or bolts, 201
ram, the, 10, 41, 60, 61
Telegraph, ocean marine, 133

Vessel, the American submarine war, 56
rocket propeller, 364

Telegraphs for targets, 423
ship economy, 245, 268, 284, 294, 311, 331, 362, 379,

, on the rapidity of signalling through long

Victoria-bridge, Canada, opening of the, 378

over the St. Lawrence, the great, 147
395, 413
submarine, 216

Docks, the hydraulic lift at the, 136
Germain's new, 348, 365

Suffield's engine-room, 420

Voltaic pile, improvement in the, 359
perfection," Armstrong's "High speed steam Telegraphy. meteorological, 379

Volunteer corps, rifles for, 12
navigation and, 22

Temperature and the thickness of its solid crust, on the Voyage round the world for magnetical research
performance, 61
earth's internal, 183

Scoresby's "Journal of a, 307, 324
» ships, iron, 300

Temple church, 293
the steering of screw, 137

gardens, 301
» towage on canals, 300
Tents, Major Rhodes', 123, 155

w.
vessels, on the performance of, 261

Testimonial fund, the Cort, 394,
Steel plated frigate Gloire, 357
Thames and its improvements, the, 236, 347

Wadding for artillery, 394
steamer, a small, 154
Theory of a central fire, Dr. Hopkin's, 202, 220

“Wages, trades' unions, and strikes," Black's, 312
the new, 203

“compound interest," Thoman's, 231

Walker's patent frictionless steam-boiler float, 280
strength of wrought-iron and, 314

naval architecture, 5, 214, 326

War appliances, railway signals and, 380
Steering apparatus, Chaplin's, 360
Thermometer, Scott's maximum, 9

» arming ships of, 124
Gibson's patent, 24
Thoman's “Theory of compound interest," 231

Ward's American ship-signals, 73
of screw steam-ships, the, 137
Thomas's heavy rifled cannon for gun-boats, 169

“Manual of naval tactics," 278
signal apparatus, Lungley's, 154

“Rified ordnance" 122

War," Jervis's “ Engines of, 231
Stella lamp, the, 300
Thomson's (Professor) centrifugal pumps, 408

» purposes, arming steamers for, 60
Stephenson, statute of George, 187, 284
Tile machinery, Clayton's patent brick and, 361

screw ships of, 201
Stereoscopic panorama, the pocket, 200

Timber, on the weight and strength of American ship, » vessels, the American submarine, 56
Stevens's pendulous fire-bars, 264

390 what is to be done with our sailing ships of, 118
Stewart and Co., the patent traversing drilling machinery Timbs’s “Stories of inventors and discoverers in science," Warwick, trials of mowing and reaping machines at, 59
of Messrs. Sharp, 56

357 Watchmakers' association, Coventry, 315
St. Lawrence, the great Victoria bridge over the, 147 Tools, Allisons's improved boring and sinking, 199 Water, Auld's apparatus for supplying steam-boilers
Stock, Press's improved quick action drill. 376
Toovey's (Captain) azimuth dial, 390

with, 360
Stopping railway trains, an improved method of retarding Towage on canals, steam, 300

on the supply and purification of, 229
and, 296
Towers of strength, 74

Waterworks, the pumping engine at the Newcastle, 89, 103
“Stories of inventors and discoverers in scienco;" Timb's, Traction engine, Blackburn's patent, 376

Weight and strength of American ship-timber, on the, 390
357
Boydell's, 119

Well at Wolverhampton, artesian, 234
Straightening a chimnep-stalk, 234
Trains, means of retarding railway, 364

Westminster clock, the, 103, 140, 263
Strength of American ship-timber, on the weight and, 390 Transmission of heat of different qualities through gases of Wheel-skid, Poupard's improved, 360 :
glass globes and cylinders, the, 139
different kinds, on the, 294

Whitworth's measuring machines, 217
wrought-iron and steel, thé, 314

Traversing drilling machinery of Messrs. Sharp, Stewart, Wild's patent fishes for railway joints, 876
Strikes," Black's " Wages, trades' unions, and, 342

and Co., the patent, 56

Wire, crinoline and brass, 395
Submarine cable, the Tasmanian, 394
Treatise on logarithms," Johnstone's "Elementary 308

galvanizing, 396
cables, 107, 377

Trials of mowing and reaping machines at Warwick, 59 Wood and Rogers' boat releasing apparatus, 105
lamp, on a, 267
the great ship's 212

cuttings, sawdust and, 301
telegraphs. on the rapidity of signalling
Trial trip, the Great Eastern, 252, 276

Woods and unsinkable ships, light, 379
through long, 216
Troop steamer, monster, 329

Wood, the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshiré Rail.
war vessel, the American, 56

True action of what are called heat-diffusers, on the, 282 way Company r., 326
Suffield's engine-room telegraphs, 420
Tuck's patent piston-packing, 364

“Woollen manufactures of Great Britain," Samuel
Superheated steam, on the relative effect of dense and, 406
Tuck v Silver, 364

Brothers', 123
Supply and purification of water, on the, 229
Turner, Griffiths v, 60

Woolwich, royal gun-factories at, 316
Surface condensation, on, 261

Type-founding company (limited) 5. Richard, the patent, Works of art, 381
Surgical instrument committee, 45

39 World,” Busk's “Navies of the, 138, 150, 168
Tyssen's apparatus for indicating the speed of ships, 281 Wreck of the Alma, 155, 185
T.

U.

Schah Jehan, 232

Wrought iron and steel, the strength of, 314
United service institution, 342
Targets, telegraphs for, 423

Universal peace throughout the world, 201
Tasker's patent improvements in ploughs, 153
Unsinkable ships, 310, 332, 318, 363, 379

Y.
Task-work v. day-work in the dockyards, 59

light woods d, 379
Tasmanian submarine cable, the, 394

“ Ure's dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines," Yacht for Ismail Pacha, a new, 214
Taylor and Grimshaw's pneumatic apparatus, 233

Hunt's, 307, 357

Yellow metal sheathing, 76
Taylor's patent steam elephant, 233
Utilising the millions, 12

Yorkshire (South) collieries, 28

99

TIR

possible also to contrive some means of keeping with the cost of existing cables that shareMECHANICS' MAGAZINE.

it in equable and healthy circulation, without holders will doubtless receive his offers in this the evils of local plethora and local famine respect with astonishment, while the rapidity

being experienced, is a question worthy con- with which his machinery works is so great LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 1, 1859.

sideration also. Having opened the agitation that he undertakes to produce no less than 250

on the general improvement of the British or 300 miles of perfect vulcanized cable per OUR COPPER COINAGE.

coinage, it is our intention not to allow it to be day! The full carrying out of his designs The Mint, we learn, is engaged at present in closed until that improvement is effected. The would certainly be an enormous stride in subthe production of copper coin, of which it is importance of the subject does not brook apathy marine telegraphy, for the apparatus required said there exists in many parts of the kingdom

or indifference. It signifies not that Lord Over in the manufacture of the cable is so very simple a complete dearth. The ebbings and

flowings of stone has put his veto on any and every decimal and compact that he proposes placing it, with a the copper currency have always been, indeed, system ventilated before the Commission, whose supply of plain india-rubber, on board ship, and perplexing to the authorities of the Mint. There "final report " on the whole subject of decimal then making the cable continuously as it is appear to be eddies

in the tide of its circulation coinage is now printed. There is an admitted payed out. This method of proceeding is atwhich are not easily understood, or to be ac

-a generally admitted-necessity for a refor-tended by so little trouble and expense that we counted for. Sometimes there is a drifting mation of our inferior metallic currency, and can scarcely doubt it will speedily be resorted of pence, halfpence, and farthings to Man- that reformation, of which we see in the forth- to in the construction and laying down of many chester, then to Glasgow, and next perhaps coming bronze halfpenny the beginning, must of those numerous cables which the exigencies to Birmingham, or London. Then, again, in

soon be made complete and satisfactory. of commerce and war are now daily demanding. particular districts of particular towns, there are strange accumulations and scarcities. For NEW SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH

MR. BESSEMER AND THE IRON example, there is always a natural current of

CABLES.

MANUFACTURE. copper coin towards the East-end of the metro-Among the many novelties which have lately Three years ago Mr. Henry Bessemer thought polis. It is more in request—unfortunately for been introduced as improvements in the con- he had accomplished what has very rarely been the dwellers therein-in Bethnal-green than in struction of submarine telegraph cables there is done in the world—that is, revolutionized a Belgravia, and the supply inevitably follows one which for its extreme simplicity and cheap great manufacture by a single discovery-and the demand. A sort of trade wind floats the

ness appears to deserve the special notice of the was mistaken. This year he has really effected copper currency through the channels of circu- public. This is the system of construction what has often before been brought aboutlation in this direction, as surely as the literal which was described in the letter of a corre- that is, improved a great manufacture by trade wind wafts commercial argosies across spondent in our last number. In this system laborious and costly experiment. In the paper the ocean. These irregularities cannot be the resort to india-rubber as the insulating which was published in the two preceding avoided, but the Mint is being constantly called agent, which has lately found great favour numbers of this Magazine he has detailed facts upon to correct them, and it can clearly only among scientific men, is again renewed, and which, while important in a commercial sense, do so by adding to the quantity of coin in cir- with it is combined a process of external harden- also afford valuable lessons to inventors and culation. There are also peculiar businesses ing from which very great advantages may be others. which lead to the congregation of copper tokens, anticipated. This process appears to have ori- In adverting to this paper we are struck by and it is a well-known fact that the publican ginated in certain practical experiments made the extraordinary want of candour which Mr. usually pays his brewer's bill with them. It is

by the inventor upon a portion of wire like that Bessemer appears to us to display. In the first well to explain these facts perhaps to the public, of the Atlantic telegraph cable. By an inge- place he implies that the paper read by him at in order that the whole question of the metallic nious substitution of a potassium wire for the the British Association in 1856, was but a step currency may be comprehended with a view to

copper wire the permeability to water of a cable incidental to his pursuit of an inquiry, rather its ultimate reform. There may be about

so constructed was made very apparent ; but than an announcement of amazing results then £800,000 worth of the various denominations further experiment showed that this permeabi- already obtained. “The same deep conviction of copper coin in existence in Great Britain, lity was got rid of by the simple expedient of “ of the truth on which the new process was and as has been said there is an ever-recurring immersing the coated wire in bisulphuret of based, and which led Mr. Bessemer to bring it tendency to an unequal and eccentric distribu-carbon and chloride of sulphur. The same “ before the British Association in 1856, has tion of it.

effect is produced by this process upon india- “since determined him,” we are told,“(in spite The history of the farthing especially is rubber as well as upon gutta-percha. A further of the opinions then pronounced against the strange and obscure. It disappears in larger advantage attending the process is, that the process) to pursue one undeviating course quantities than its bigger brethren and sooner.

“cold vulcanizing," as it is called, at the same "until the present time, and to remain silent Yet it has a less active life. It is not popular time renders the india-rubber or gutta-percha for years, under the expressed doubts of those with a large class of tradesmen. It is beneath capable of sustaining a heat of no less than “who predicted its failure, rather than again their notice, not convenient and unprofitable ; 250° Farenheit without suffering any injury bring forward the invention until it had been hence it is banished from their society. It is an whatever.

“practically and commercially worked, and outcast coin only used by pawnbrokers and their The method of manufacturing the cables upon “there had been produced by it both iron and victims-we mean customers-chandler's, shop- the improved system is very simple. Successive "steel, of a quality which could not be surkeepers, and costermongers. In the lowest class coatings of india-rubber in a softened state are "passed by any iron or steel made by the of shops in the lowest neighbourhoods, and among rolled directly upon the conducting wire by “ tedious and expensive processes now in general the lowliest people only, does the farthing enjoy a

means of powerful pairs of rollers, the pressure “ use." This representation is not borne out by brisk circulation. Children hoard farthings, of which is sufficient to render the coating sub- facts. Every one will remember that Mr. Besand misers take care of them, but the public stance close and homogeneous. When a suffi- sember spoke at Cheltenham, not of anticipated generally eschew them. It is with difficulty cient thickness has been laid on in this manner, productions of iron, but of iron which, as was that the poor farthing, therefore, maintains its the cable is passed through the chemical materials alleged, had actually been manufactured by his ground at all. Possibly, if the sun of England's before-named, and its surface is thus rendered new process. In the last paragraph of his paper greatness has not yet reached its zenith, the hard and perfectly non-porous. After this cover- he distinctly stated this. *“ În conclusion, farthing may some day be swept away in the ings of hemp, wire, gutta-percha, or any other allow me to observe," said he,"

that the facts flood-tide of national prosperity and disappear suitable substance may be added if desired to “ which I have had the honour of bringing beentirely. At any rate, there is not much increase the protection of the wire. For many "fore the meeting have not been elicited from prospect of a resuscitation of the half-far- purposes, however, the inventor considers it mere laboratory experiments, but have been thing. This, and the quarter-farthing, and amply sufficient to incorporate longitudinal" the result of working on a scale nearly twice the oboli, or tenth of a penny, may be, and are, fibres of hemp or flax in the outer coating of as great as is pursued in our largest ironworks, of use in Ceylon and the Ionian Islands, but the indía-rubber in order to prevent strain "the experimental apparatus doing 7 cwt. in they are too small for the notice of the inhabi- coming upon the conductor, and then to finish 30 minutes while the ordinary puddling furtants of Great Britain, and we trust may ever the cable with the cold vulcanization.

nace makes only 4 cwt. in two hours." remain so.

The inventor of the simple and inexpensive It may suit Mr. Bessemer's present purpose to It will be permitted us again to express a hope cable is Mr. John Macintosh, of North Bank, sink the pretensions which he put forth in 1856 ; that in the meditated new bronze coinage we may Regent's Park, who has had several patents for but we cannot forget that the world was then find an artistically and scientifically perfect improvements in submarine cables granted him, made to believe in a discovery by aid of which substitute for the copper coinage now under and who for twenty years past has had constant iron and steel could at once be produced, withdoom, and which has been the fruitful source experience in the manufacture of india-rubber out fuel, for the market. of so much justly severe criticism, and so much fabrics. The cost at which he proposes to pro- Next we have to expose a further, and equally practical inconvenience. Whether it may be duce the improved cable is so low in comparison extraordinary, want of candour manifested in