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REPRESENTATIVE SAMUEL J. RANDALL (DEM.], OF PENNSYLVANIA, SAID:

MR. SPEAKER, I sincerely sympathize with the State of Illinois and the entire country in the loss to the public councils of General John A. Logan, whose valor and skill upon the battle-field were supplemented and rounded out by a career of great usefulness in the House of Representatives and in the Senate of the United States.

He was a child of the people, and he received at their hands almost every honor that could be appropriately bestowed. He was a fair and complete illustration of the justice and the resulting strength of our form of government, in this, that it gives to the worthy and industrious citizen an opportunity to reach the highest positions known to the laws.

The records of our public men are the indications of the destiny of our country, either for weal or woe. They represent the moral height to which the people grew in their time. They are examples for the study of the generations which are to follow them.

Therefore, when a man like John A. Logan passes off the scene, it is our grateful duty to recall every act of his which, whether in the field or in the forum, was characterized by deep conviction and by undoubted moral and personal courage.

The full story of his life will be told in truthful and loving words by the members of the Illinois delegation and by his political friends on this floor; but I cannot refrain from expressing this brief tribute of my respect to the memory of a public man who deserved so well of his country.

REPRESENTATIVE JOSEPH G. CANNON [REP.], OF ILLINOIS, SAID:

MR. SPEAKER, whoever pays a proper tribute to the memory of General Logan must write the history of the country during the late war and the years succeeding.

With Lincoln, Grant, Sherman, and Thomas he was a factor-and not the least-in the settlement of those questions which determine the fate of a nation, ay, of a civilization. .

The greatest popular leader in the ranks of the Democratic party for a generation immediately preceding the war was Stephen A. Douglas. Logan was his admirer, supporter, and trusted friend. When Douglas died Logan took his place as a leader, entered the army, and did not lay down his arms until the war closed. At the commencement of the war, through the efforts of Douglas and Logan, the North was saved from the ravages of civil warfare within its borders.

Logan is universally acknowledged to have been the greatest volunteer general of the late war. In effectiveness of service to the Republic history will accord him an equal meed of praise with any officer, either regular or volunteer, in the late war.

Logan not only proved a great general in the field, but by placing his fingers upon his own pulse was enabled to count the heart-beats of the whole people. The people recognized that he was one of them. They gave him their confidence; to confidence they added respect, and to respect love. These he retained until his death. He was a friend of the people, and the people were his friends.

His death is the nation's loss. His record is the nation's inheritance. He moulded events in great crises. His achievements are examples of the value of ability when coupled with convictions. Whatever he did he did with all his might. His life will be a healthy incentive to action to the millions who are to follow after him. Logan dead will be a potent factor for good when those people who drift without convictions, priding themselves upon their culture in lieu thereof, are dead and forgotten.

REPRESENTATIVE BENJAMIN BUTTERWORTH [REP.], OF OHIO, SAID:

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MR. SPEAKER, . . . John A. Logan sleeps with his fathers. The final audit of his life's account has been made up.

What made this man a leader of men? What gave him influential prominence throughout the country? It was, I submit, due in the main to the inherent qualities of heart he possessed; his uncompromising devotion to what he conceived to be duty. With him, between right and wrong there was no middle ground. Between right and wrong there could not consistently with the high obligations of duty be any compromise. In him there was found coupled with the unselfish and unequalled zeal of a Covenanter Calvinist, if you please, the chivalric bearing of a Cavalier.

He was of the material of which martyrs are made. would have suffered at the stake with John Rogers. And have been seriously troubled at the taking off of Servetus. tion was to be right.

If a sense of duty required, he by the same token he might not John A. Logan's highest ambi

Up to 1861 he was a Democrat in the strictest partisan sense. The Democratic Fay was the agency through which all great good to our country was to be worked out. The party horizon came down all around him-he could not or did not appear to see beyond i.. Then came a time when that too narrow range of vision was extended. The veil that ob. scured the more enlarged view of portentous events was lifted by the conflict of 1861.

Logan stood for the first time to contemplate what stubborn adherence to party lines meant. He saw portending in the near future a Constitution overthrown and defied, the Union dismembered, a Government disrupted and destroyed. From that moment love of party was swallowed up in love of country. His duty to him at least was clear. The integ. rity of the Union, the supremacy of the Constitution, the acknowledged sovereignty of the flag were henceforth to him above all else. With what uncompromising zeal, unselfish devotion, and undaunted heroism he served the cause of his country in the field and in the councils of the nation is known to all his countrymen.

The Calvinistic faith of his mother, the stern integrity of his father, blending in the son fitted him for a leader, and made him a man whose influence could not but be healthful. He would have been Moreau at Hohenlinden, but was incapable of being Moreau at Dresden. He would have led at Malvern Hill, and marched toward the sound of the cannon and the rising dust of battle at Bull Run. He was ambitious to be President, but in the pursuit of that worthy ambition he never practised the small arts of the demagogue nor resorted to the tricks which mere political expediency suggest. These, in my judgment, are the crowning glories of Logan's character: That in all his course he sought "to walk in the light." Inflexible adherence to duty, as that duty was revealed to him. Incorruptible integrity in every field of action, and in every employment. Unselfish devotion to country and friends. These attributes of his character shine more resplendent now that he walks no more among us.

Weeks have passed

representative david b. henderson [rep.], of IOWA, SAID: MR. SPEAKER: The nation lingers by the grave of Logan! since the bells of the nation tolled him to rest, and yet the people remain uncovered. It is no common man whose fall shocks sixty millions of people. I come to the sad duty of this hour not to speak for others, but to render the heart-offerings of a comrade and a friend.

We first naturally think of General Logan as a soldier. So strong was he at every post of duty that history must hesitate to pronounce upon him as the greater soldier or the greater statesman. Though not trained to arms, he was a great soldier. The volunteers with one voice claim this. The leading generals of the country, those schooled for war, admit it. He fought as one who ever kept in mind the great cause that called him to the field. If true of any man, it can be said that danger and death had no terrors for Logan. Restless when the enemy was afar, he became eager and fired by the approach of battle and a consuming whirlwind when the charge was sounded. His presence drove fear from the hearts of the soldiery. He was inspiring, fearless, conquering. The tumult of battle and the roar of cannon made him the imperial personification of a great fighter. In thinking of Logan as a soldier, forget not his greatest attribute. Not for ambition did he draw his sword, but for his country and all his countrymen.

But few men combine the qualities of a great soldier and a great statesman-Logan was both. The courage and wisdom needed for a great statesman are of a higher order than the courage and wisdom needed by a great commander. It requires a higher, mightier courage to face and control a sweeping Niagara of popular thought than it does to face death or command an army of men. Logan was one of the few men of his time who combined both essentials for these high trusts. Most statesmen, like some generals, follow their forces. The great statesman, like the great general, must lead. On any field Logan was "a born leader of men." On both fields he kept close to the people.

He was a man of the people in an eminent degree. His devotion to them was as sincere as was their love for him. Seldom did wealth support the career of Logan. It was the people who followed him from obscurity to the Senate. But few men come out of the trying, cruel, searching conflict of a national campaign stronger than when they enter it. This John A. Logan did in 1884. When nominated, his party knew him to be strong with the people, but the great strength and popularity that he developed was a surprise to his party. In the moment of his defeat he was greater than he who wore "the" laurel. It was in the country at large as in my own State in 1884. His passage through Iowa was a triumphal march, and his pathway could be traced by the surging, shouting masses of the people. The historians will tell of General Logan and of Senator Logan, but the living will

remember him as the "Black Eagle," "Black Jack," and "Honest John." He was an open, honest, brave, powerful tribune of the people. He was one of the great commoners of his time.

As a powerful, kind, untiring friend of his old comrades he had no equal, and no man can wear his mantle. You need not seek a burial-spot for John A. Logan. He is buried in and cannot be removed from the warm, loving hearts of his old comrades in arms.

REPRESENTATIVE WILLIAM S. HOLMAN [DEM.], OF INDIANA, SAID:

MR. SPEAKER, the pen of history can only do justice to so great a record as that which John A. Logan has bequeathed to his country. We can pay on an occasion like this only a brief tribute to his memory.

John A. Logan came into this Hall as a member of the House at one of the most anxious periods of our history, the beginning of the Thirty-sixth Congress. While not taking an active part in current business of the House, he displayed from the beginning qualities and powers that gave promise of the great career in civil and military life which he was destined to complete. The State of Illinois was then represented in the House and Senate by an unusually able body of men. Stephen A. Douglas and Lyman Trumbull were Senators; Washburne, afterward so distinguished in this House and later as our minister to France during the war between France and Germany; Lovejoy, the greatest of the anti-slavery leaders; Farnsworth, Fouke, Kellogg, McClernand, Morris, and Robinson, of the Northwest, were the colleagues in the House, of John A. Logan-a very strong body of men. All of them were either then men of national reputation or afterward achieved distinction in civil or military life. McClernand, Farnsworth, and Fouke won distinction in the Union army; and yet with such colleagues John A. Logan was a striking and prominent feature of the House from the time he took the seat where my friend [Mr. Eden] now sits. His manly deportment, the fire and vigor of his occasional remarks, the resoluteness of his purpose as expressed in every gesture of his hand and tone of voice, commanded attention and gave promise of a great career if the occasion should arise, and of honorable distinction under any conditions of human life.

He was the highest type of a strong, positive, rugged, fearless man, whose opinions were absolute convictions, controlling and mastering. As a politician and partisan he neither gave nor asked quarter.

He never hesitated in the expression of his opinions, and they were not modified during his service in the Thirty-sixth Congress or the short called session of the Thirty-seventh Congress, which met on the 4th day of July, 1861. He would have preserved the Union by compromise, by concessions. But I am satisfied that General Logan did not at any time hesitate in his devotion to the Union, hostile as he was to the principles of the great party which obtained control of the Government in 1860. No matter what party was in power, he was for the Union.

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When he became convinced that the Union could not be restored with African slavery, that its continued existence would be ultimately fatal to our free institutions, he freely avowed his opinions. General Logan was a man in many respects of the same type with Mr. Douglas; both were devoted friends of their country, firm, confident, and fearless when war was inevitable; the declaration of Mr. Douglas of his purpose to stand by the Union at every hazard thrilled the country and animated his friends. General Logan and most of his immediate associates adopted at an early moment the same patriotic policy.

There were qualities of greatness about General Logan that necessarily made him a great character in our history. The rugged, fearless positiveness of his character, his indomitable strength of will, his manly integrity, made him a great man. He had the qualities that gather large bodies of men around men. His friendships were strong and warm. He did not shrink from his enemies. No man ever had more devoted friends, or those who would make greater sacrifices to advance his interests.

In the judgment of the present generation General Logan has made a great record both in civil and military life, in statesmanship as well as in the field; that judgment, we may confidently believe, will be confirmed by impartial history. He will occupy a large space in the history of our country. To the generations that are coming he will be a grand type of American manhood. His name, a synonym of patriotism and honor

One of the few, the immortal names,

That were not born to die

REPRESENTATIVE WILLIAM M. SPRINGER [DEM.], OF ILLINOIS, SAID

MR. SPEAKER: In the language of the resolution now pending the ordinary business of legislation is suspended that the friends and associates of the deceased Senator, John A. Logan, may pay fitting tribute to his public and private virtues.

I saw him for the first time in January, 1857, just thirty years ago. He was then a member of the House of Representatives of the State of Illinois, and I was a student at Illinois College, at Jacksonville. I had visited Springfield to witness the inauguration of Governor William H. Bissell. When I entered the legislative hall, the youthful and impetuous Logan was speaking. He at once arrested my attention. I have never forgotten the scene.

There was great interest manifested, and party spirit ran high. He seemed to move upon his political foes as if charging an enemy upon a field of battle. His speech occupied two days in delivery, and in severity of language and vehemence of manner excelled, perhaps, all other efforts of his life. He was one of the leaders of the Democratic party in the Legislature and had been selected by his friends as the orator for the occasion.

Governor Bissell had been a prominent Democrat, but had differed with his party on the Kansas and Nebraska bills, and became the candidate of the Republicans for governor, and was elected. He was a man of great ability, and his candidacy had resulted in a political campaign of unprecedented acrimony and bitter invectives. The heated discussions before the people were carried into the Legislature. When the motion was made to print 20,000 copies of Governor Bissell's message, Logan moved to amend so as to provide for printing but half the usual number. The debate lasted more than a week, and was one of the most memorable ever witnessed in the State, which is noted for great political contests.

The body was Democratic, and Logan's motion prevailed. From that time forward his reputation as a party leader was established. During the thirty years which have elapsed he has occupied a prominent position in State and National affairs. He passed at once from the arena of State politics to the councils of the nation. He resigned his seat in

Congress in 1861, and entered the army as colonel of an Illinois regiment.

By regular promotions for gallant and meritorious conduct he reached the rank of majorgeneral. His military record is one of the most brilliant of the late war. Had he been educated at West Point and thus relieved from the prejudice which existed in the regular army against volunteer generals, there is little doubt that he would have risen to the chief command of the army.

When General Sherman denied him the command of the Army of the Tennessee before Atlanta, a position which his skill and bravery had won for him, he cheerfully submitted and urged his friends to make no complaints or protests. I cannot follow him in all his battles during the long and eventful war. Suffice it to say that he shrank from no hardship, he feared no danger, he faltered in nothing. Beloved by his men, and respected by his fellow-officers, he won the admiration of the people, and his memory will be cherished by his countrymen for all time to come.

After the close of the war he was again re-elected as a Representative in Congress, serving in the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses. He was three times elected a United States Senator from the State of Illinois, and had served not quite two years of his last term when he died. His career as a statesman is scarcely less brilliant than that as a soldier.

The soldiers of the late war had in Senator Logan a most faithful and devoted friend. They never appealed to him in vain. They seemed to look to him for all general and special legislation in their behalf. In his death they lost their ablest advocate and truest friend.

Mr. Speaker, nothing can be said to add to the fame or greatness of our departed friend. His work is done. His race is run. He sleeps the sleep that knows no waking. But his deeds shall live after him. Adown the pathway of time coming generations will read of his deeds of courage, of his devotion to the public weal, of his love for his mother, his wife, his children, and country, and wonder as the years glide by whether they will ever behold his like again.

war.

REPRESENTATIVE GEORGE E. ADAMS [REP.], OF ILLINOIS, SAID:

MR. SPEAKER:
Logan will be regarded as the most striking figure of our civil
He was the greatest of the Union volunteers. As such he will stand in history.
Macaulay, speaking of the famous army of the Long Parliament, says:

These persons, sober, moral, diligent, and accustomed to reflect, had been induced to take up arms, not by the pressure of want, not by the love of novelty and license, not by the arts of recruiting officers, but by religious and political zeal, mingled with the desire of distinction and promotion. The boast of the soldiers was, as we

find it recorded in their solemn resolutions, that they had not been forced into the service, nor had enlisted chiefly for the sake of lucre; that they were no janizaries, but free-born Englishmen, who had, of their own accord, put their lives in jeopardy for the liberty and religion of England, and whose right and duty it was to watch over the welfare of the nation which they had saved.

Such, in the main, were the volunteers of our civil war, and such, in a high degree, were the regiments of the Northwestern States, who made up the famous Fifteenth Corps. They were more effective, perhaps, as a military force under the command of Logan than they would have been under a merely professional soldier. They recognized in him not merely an accomplished commander, but a fellow-citizen and a friend, whose hopes, feelings, and purposes accorded with their own. As they knew that he would spare neither them nor himself in the service of the Union, so they knew that he would expose them to no unnecessary danger, or sacrifice their lives to his own military ambition. Therefore it was that after his troops had come to understand his character as a commander, a regiment under his lead seemed sometimes to become a brigade, a brigade seemed to have the strength of a division, and wheresoever Logan thought it his duty to lead, fifteen thousand thinking bayonets were ready to follow.

History will take no leaf from the laurels which Logan won in the civil war, because he was reluctant to believe that civil war was necessary. But the time came when Logan's attitude toward the administration of Mr. Lincoln and his war policy changed as if in the twinkling of an eye. It was by no elaborate course of reasoning; it was by a sudden flash of insight that he saw that the war was inevitable, and that the North was resolved. He saw, he understood, he obeyed, as unhesitatingly as did the apostle to the Gentiles when he beheld the great light that shone on the way to Damascus and heard the voice crying "Saul! Saul!" He saw his own duty also. He could thank God, as Wendell Phillips had, for every word he had spoken counselling peace, but his heart told him that henceforth the only place of honor and duty for him, the only place where his spirit could be at peace with itself, would be in the camp, or on the march, or in the line of battle with the volunteers of Illinois.

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He went into his district. He made as brave a charge upon the prejudices of Southern Illinois as he ever made upon the Confederate lines. He made his people see what he had seen on that July morning in Washington, that the safety of the great Republic, the freedom and happiness of millions yet unborn, in the South as well as in the North, must be sought by the dreadful path of civil war. Thus the first service which Logan rendered in the war for the Union was a victory won by his eloquent tongue before he had drawn his sword.

I shall not try to recount Logan's military services in the Union cause during the next four years. There are many others in this House more competent than I to recall the history of these stirring events, of which they were themselves a part.

One trait of Logan's character has attracted the attention of all who met him in public or private life. He was a sincere and devoted friend of his friends, and he was not the secret enemy of any man. Open, straightforward sincerity in word and action was such a prominent characteristic of his demeanor toward friend and enemy alike that we may not unfairly apply to him the description which Clarendon gives of the great Duke of Buckingham :

His kindness and affection to his friends was so vehement that it was as so many marriages for better and worse, and so many leagues offensive and defensive, as if he thought himself obliged to love all his friends and to make war upon all they were angry with, let the cause be what it would. And it cannot be denied that he was an enemy in the same excess, and prosecuted those he looked upon as his enemies with the utmost rigor and animosity, and was not easily induced to a reconciliation. And yet there are some examples of his receding in that particular And in the highest passion he was so far from stooping to any dissimulation whereby his displeasure might be concealed and covered till he had attained his revenge (the low method of courts), that he never endeavored to do any man an ill office before he first told him what he was to expect from him, and reproached him with the injuries he had done, with so much generosity, that the person found it in his power to receive further satisfaction in the way he would choose for himself.

When a great man dies in the maturity of his intellectual powers, before he has even reached the threshold of old age, we are apt to deplore not merely our loss, but his own.

Logan's death is our loss rather than his own. Better, perhaps, for this keen, ambitious spirit to pass from life in the full maturity of his mental powers; his career not yet completed; the last and brightest goal of his ambition still before his eyes and almost within his reach.

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