his hair. His pilgrim's amice, his only garment, was worn to tatters by sleeping on the ground. He was at the same time a mass of human filth-so loathsome and so swarming with vermin that the very beggars were compelled to leave the ward in which he sojourned. After being sought out by some Dominicans, he appears to have been raised from the black abyss of despair and exalted to the not less perilous heights of fanatical devotion. After remaining a year at Manresa, he proceeded on his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, where he arrived in the year 1523; but before seeing any of the "holy places" he left for Barcelona, and entered the Grammar school as a scholar in the following year. Then he prepared for the university of Paris, where in the midst of his studies he was seized with those raptures of deep religious sentiment which made him famous. With him were associated Peter Faber of Savoy and Francis Xavier of Pamplona in Navarre. There Loyola won his first victory and compelled those men to do his will. Being joined by Alphonso Salmeron, James Laynez, Nicholas Bobodilla and Simon Rodriguez, they, on the 13th of August, 1534, took an oath to do what the pope desired without conditions of any kind being annexed. To such an extent is subjection carried out that it is enacted in the exercises of the order that, "In order that we may altogether be of the same mind and in conformity with the church herself, if she shall have defined anything to be black, which to our eyes appear to be white, we ought in the same way to pronounce it to be black. That we may in all things attain to the truth, that we may not err in anything, we ought ever to hold it as a fixed principle, that what I see to be white I shall believe it to be black, if the hierarchical church define it so to be."

September 27, 1540, the pope promulgated the bull, which is the charter of the Society of Jesus. Three years later Pope Paul III issued another bull, which gave an elasticity that expanded itself into a world wide society. The characteristics that distinguished Loyola are visible in the lives and conduct of the men and women who have attained to the honor of saintbood in the Romish church. That they deny themselves many comforts, none can question. Their motive for so doing is in direct antagonism to the teachings of Christ. The gospel enjoins faith in Christ as a condition of service. The Christian serves because of love, the Jesuit because of fear and the hope of gain.

5. Cardinal Gibbons claims that there is unity in Romish communion, but the total lack of it in the Protestant community. The reverse of this is the truth. The evangelical world are united in Christ their head and stand on the fundamental principles of the gospel as a unit.

In Romanism, dissensions have marked its history in the past, greater and more fierce than was ever witnessed in the Protestant community. Three popes at the head of three several parties, armed to the teeth, have contended for the primacy of St. Peter. No student of history can be deceived by such prating.

Isaiah describes the church as it was and is: "A people laden with iniquity, a seed of evil doers, children that are corrupters; they have forsaken the Lord, they have provoked the Holy One of Israel unto anger, they are gone away backward. The whole head is sick, the whole heart is faint. From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds and bruises and putrefying sores; and the daughter of Zion is left as a besieged city." To Romanists God says: Bring no more vain oblations. Incense is an abomination unto me, I cannot bear it; it is iniquity, even the solemn meeting; your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth; they are a trouble unto me, I am weary to bear them. And when ye spread forth your hands I will hide mine eyes from you; yea, when we make many prayers, I will not hear; your hands are full of blood. Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes; cease to do evil, learn to do well; seek judgment; relieve the oppressed; judge the fatherless and don't rob them; plead for the widow, don't frighten her. Come now and let us reason together, saith the Lord; though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson they shall be as wool. If ye be willing and obedient ye shall eat the good of the land, but if refuse and rebel, ye shall be devoured with the sword, for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.

ye

Romanists must renounce the leadership of a cardinal whose falsehoods are transparent and whose misrepresentations are shameless acts for which there is no apology. He is blinded by sin and held by iniquity, and if the blind follow the blind, ruin is their doom.

SHALL NEW ENGLAND BREAK THE

FETTER?

Who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this? Esther IV: 14.

What Mordecai said to Esther, the nation may with confidence say to New England. A decree had gone forth which doomed Esther and her household, with her people, to utter and irremediable ruin. Mordecai learned of it and advised his niece, then queen of the realm, to make a plea for her kindred. She remonstrated and pointed out the difficulties lying in her path. Mordecai answered her, saying, "Think not with thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place, but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed; and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this?"

In these words of Mordecai there is an admission that a fetter has been forged; that the opportunity has come to break it; that if Esther does not move some one else will take the work, and that possibly she has come to the kingdom for such a time as this. Let us follow the suggestion thus proffered in considering whether New England shall break the fetter.

I.

Does New England wear a fetter?

Proud men and women will answer this question in the negative, and will declare that while Romanists and Jesuits may be active in the west, in Canada, in Mexico, and in Europe, they can do nothing in this country. "We are too well educated in the United States, and there is amongst us such an amount of moral strength that we defy the powers of Jesuitism to make an impression on our civil and religious institutions." In 1846 this language was used by William Hogan. He said, *"I supposed at the time that this delusion was either peculiar to the gentleman of whom I am speaking

*High and Low Mass, by Wm. Hogan, page 364.

83

or that I might have misunderstood his character. It was not so, however, for I found there was not a clergyman of his denomination, as far as I could discover, who did not indulge the same opinions. They looked upon themselves as an over-match for the whole body of popish priests, popish colleges, and popish systems of education. This is a fatal delusion and it is indispensably necessary to remove it from the minds of our Protestant clergymen. I can never too often repeat my wish, that all friends of religion, freedom of conscience and freedom of inquiry should lay by all minor differences and unite as a body, put a stop to these torrents of infidelity thundered down from Rome and threatening to inundate the country; but the truth is, I fear, that nothing will be done in New England. They are not a reforming people, nor do they seem inclined to give any encouragement to a reformer. The first question they ask is, Will it pay? Many of them declare that all these agitators want is money. If you succeed in your purpose, how much money will it cost you, and what percentage will you give me? The man who cannot insure the inquirer that success is beyond doubt, and that ten per cent. can be secured for his friendly co-operation, is told that he had better stop at once. If, says this New England philanthropist, the people should rise at once * but don't you see, they are not unanimous and what use is there in attempting any such thing?"

New England wore her fetter then, she wears it now; will she wear it always? Again and again warnings have been sounded out. Can it be possible that such is the love of financial prosperity that Hogan told the truth when he said, "Were Luther to rise from his grave and propose to the people of New England to reform the Romish church, I do not believe he would find the aid and encouragement the subject demands, unless secured by bond. and mortgage, that the movement would produce ten per cent. on the money invested. In vain should Luther tell the people of New England that resistance to Rome was necessary, and that the very fact of the present desperate attempts that are now being made in some parts of the United States were evidences of the corruptions of Rome."

These words were written in 1846. That was before the Fugitive Slave law was passed, and almost a score of years anterior to the

*High and Low Mass, by Wm. Hogan, page 365.

hour when the guns of Sumter summoned New England to high endeavor. Then ten per cent. was forgotten. "The Country! "The Union!" "Imperilled Liberty!" These were the watchwords on every tongue. Is it not true that God is summoning New England again to action?

The people are waking up. They see that Rome is doing its worst. Thousands and tens of thousands are crowding into our towns and cities and taking control through the ballot, which ought never to have been given them, and which may yet be taken from them in order that the power, which belongs to Americans, may be kept in the hands of those who love liberty. Now, the farm lands. are being captured, the old homesteads are being occupied by people foreign in birth and purpose. At last Rome uncovers her hand and puts forth her strength and attempts to take the youth out of the currents of free thought and of our American life, dooming them to dwell in the night of superstition and the damps of tyranny. Shall the fetter be broken?

2.

Let us consider in the second place if New England's opportunity has not come to deal Rome a terrible blow.

It is the faith of millions that God gathered up the winnowed seed of the world, shipped it on the Mayflower, and commanded the Pilgrims to use it, and with it sow the western continent. The exodus of liberty is thus set forth: "And to the woman were given the wings of a great eagle that she might fly into the wilderness into her place." At one time the tide of immigration flowed west, and the song ran:

The places made

The wave has swept across the continent. vacant on our hillsides and in our villages are being taken by foreigners, who, led by priests, take possession not only of the deserted homes, but of politics, of the school, and of the business. The Aqueduct commission investigating the rascalities that have been