moths emerge about the 1st of July. Dr. Clemens found some empty mines and some larvæ in August.

The imago resembles that of quercipulchella Cham., but is less resplendent and smaller, scarcely measuring two lines in alar expansion. The occiput, eyecaps, and palpi are silvery yellowish-white; the head brownish rusty-red; antenuæ fuscous; fore wings dark purple-brown, nearly black, but strongly purplish, with the cilia paler, and a pale golden or rather yellowish-silvery fascia behind the middle, which has its posterior margin straight and its anterior slightly concave. The first and second pairs of legs are silvery yellowish-white, and the third pair is of the same hue with the fore wings, with the basal joints paler, and of the same hue with the under surface of the abdomen. Kentucky. N. LATIFASCIELLA, n. sp.

Face pale rusty-yellowish; vertex dark brown; palpi and basal joint of antennæ (eyecap), thorax, a broad fascia about the middle of the fore wings, and the cilia silvery-white, tinged with pale yellowish (except the cilia). The tuft is rather small, the antennæ are pale grayishfuscous, tinged with silvery; the fascia is very broad, nearly straight on its anterior and convex on its posterior margin; the costal cilia are fuscous; upper surface of abdomen fuscous, lower pale grayish:fuscous, and the legs darker fuscous. Alar expansion two lines.

As will be evident on comparison of this description with that of N. nigriverticella Cham. in Ciu. Quar. Jour. Sci. ii. 118, there are many points of close resemblance between them, although they are very distinct species. It was taken resting on the trunks of Chestnut-trees (Castanea americana), the leaves of which were full of empty Nepticula mines, about the middle of August. Kentucky.

N. BOSQUELLA, n. 8p.

Palpi and eyecaps white; antennæ yellowish-fuscous; head deep black; thorax and fore wings pale creamy-white, dusted rather densely with fuscous; hind wings and cilia of both pairs yellowish-silvery; abdomen brown on top; anal tuft yellowish-white; anterior and middle legs brown on their anterior surfaces; hind legs and under surface of abdomen pale creamy-yellowish. Alur expansion four lines. Bosque County, Texas.

ART. IV.-TINEINA AND THEIR FOOD-PLANTS.

By V. T. CHAMBERS..

The following is intended as a catalogue of plants which are fed upon by the Tineina within the limits of the United States and Canada so far as they are at present known.

The best descriptions of these insects may fail to enable one to identify captured species, when, as frequently happens, two or three minute species differ only in a shade of color, or in the presence or absence of a mark of microscopic dimensions; but when the larvæ, food-plants, and modes of larval and pupal life, with the character of the mines in mining species, are known, there need be little difficulty in recognizing bred specimens. With knowledge of an insect in these particulars, even a very imperfect description of the imago will usually enable us to recognize a species which has been bred from the larva, for although two species may resemble each other so closely that even the best written description may not enable us to determine which of the two it is, yet it will be a very rare occurrence that this close resemblance will hold good throughout its history as larva and pupa, including its food-plaut, mode of feeding, larval case, or mine, or burrow, or mode of sewing or folding leaves, mode of pupation, cocoons, &c. The case is very rare that in all these respects two species approach each otber so closely that nothing distinctive and clearly marked is left of either. Yet, rare as they are, cases do sometimes occur where we are still left in doubt as to the distinct specific characters even of bred specimens, as, for instance, it may yet be considered doubtful whether Aspidisca splendorifuella Clem., A. juglandiella Cham., A. diospyriella Cham., and the species mentioned by Mr. Stainton as having been found by Lord Walsingham miuing Poplar leaves in Oregon, are distinct species, the chief reason for considering them distinct being the difference in food, it being a very unusual thing to find one of these little leaf-mining species feeding on so many and diverse plants.

As to a great majority of the species, we are ignorant what they feed upon or whether they feed at all in the imago. With the exception of half a dozen species mentioned hereinafter, I have never seen any of these little species feeding upon anything except in the larval state.

It is to aid in the identification of species that this catalogue has been prepared. A species having been bred, and the food-plant thus known, and its characters as larva or pupa, and its mode of feeding,

character of mine, &c., having been noted, and, better still, if it be recognized as belonging to any established genus, a reference to the catalogue will give the names of the species known to feed upon that plant; and a reference to the published accounts of those species will usually enable one to determine whether the species is new, or to recognize it if already made known.

When only the larva is known, that fact is distinctly stated; when the food of the imago is known, that also is distinctly stated. In all other cases, the remarks refer to the food-plants of larvæ of which the imago also is known; and when the larva is a leaf-miner, the surface (upper or lower) mined is stated.

MAGNOLIACEÆ.

MAGNOLIA UMBRELLA (and probably some other Magnolias).

The larva of Phyllocnistis magnoliaella Cham. makes a long, winding, linear, mine on either surface of the leaves. The imago is unknown, and it may prove to be P. liriodendronella Clem.

LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA. Tulip-tree.

The larva of Phyllocnistis liriodendronella Clem. makes a long, winding, linear mine on either surface of the leaves.

BRASSICA OLERACEA.

CRUCIFERÆ.

The larva of Plutella cruciferarum feeds on the under side of the leaves of Cabbage and some other plants of this order.

TILLIACEÆ.

TILLIA AMERICANA. Basswood or Linden.

Lithocolletis lucetiella, Clem. Larva in tentiform mine in under surface of leaves.

L. tilliæella, Cham. Larva in tentiform mine on upper surface of leaves.

Coleophora tilliæfoliella, Clem. Larva only is known. It lives in a case and feeds on the under side of leaves.

RHUS, sp.?

ANACARDIACEÆ.

Chrysocoris erythriella, Clem. The larva feeds on the fruit-racemes.

RHUS TOXICODENDRON. Poison Oak or Poison Ivy.

Lithocolletis guttifinitella, Clem. The larva feeds in a flat blotch mine in upper surface of the leaves.

Gracilaria rhoifoliella, Cham. Larva at first mines, and then feeds externally, rolling the leaf.

RHUS, sp.

Gelechia rhoifructella Clem. Larva feeds on fruit-racemes.

Gracilaria rhoifoliella, Cham. Larva feeds as in R. toxicodendron (supra).

VITACEÆ.

VITIS. Various species of Grape.
Phyllocnistis vitigenella, Clem.
Phyllocnistis vitifoliella, Cham.
Antispila issabella, Clem.

Larvæ make long, linear, winding mines in upper surface of leaves.

Antispila viticordifoliella, Clem. & Cham. Antispila ampelopsifoliella, Cham. they pass the pupa state on the ground.

Larvæ in blotch mines in upper surface of leaves, cutting out cases, in which

AMPELOPSIS QUINQUEFOLIA. Virginia Creeper.

Phyllocnistis ampelopsiella, Cham. Larva in a white, convoluted mine on under (very rarely also on upper) surface of leaves.

Antispila ampelopsifoliella, Cham. Larva in flat blotch mine in upper surface of leaves, cutting out a case in which it pupates on the ground.

SAPINDACEÆ.

ESCULUS GLABRA. Buckeye, or Horse Chestnut.

Lithocolletis guttifinitella, Clem., var. æsculisella, Cham. Larva in flat blotch mine in upper surface of leaves.

ACERACEÆ.

ACER SACCHARINUM. Sugar Maple.

Lithocolletis aceriella, Clem. Larva in a flat blotch mine in upper surface of leaves.

Lithocolletis lucidicostella, Clem. Lithocolletis clemensella, Cham. Gracilaria packardella, Cham. a conical figure.

Larvæ in tentiform mines in under surface of leaves.

Larva rolls the leaf downward into

Incurvaria acerifoliella, Fitch. Larva in a blotch mine, from which it cuts out a case.

Catastega aceriella, Clem. Larva only is known. It at first mines the leaf, and afterward constructs a case of its "frass". (Does not belong to Tineina?)

ACER GLABRUM. Mountain Bush Maple.

Gracilaria acerifoliella, Cham. Larva curls the edge of the leaf down into a cone.

NEGUNDO ACEROIDES. Box Elder.

Gracilaria negundella, Cham. Larva curls down the edge of a leaf.

CELASTRACEÆ.

EUONYMUS ATROPURPUREUS (and other species?). Indian Arrow Root or Burning Bush.

Hyponomeuta evonymellus, Schop. Larvæ social in a large web, feeding on leaves.

H. wakarusa, Ganmer (?=H. evonymellus).

CELASTRUS SCANDENS. Bitter Sweet, or Staff-tree.

Adela bella, Cham. Imago on the flowers in May and June. Larva unknown. LEGUMINOSÆ.

GLEDITSCHIA TRIACANTHUS. Honey Locust.

Laverna? gleditschiæella, Cham. Larva burrows in the thorns.

Helice pallidochrella, Cham. The larvæ of these species no doubt Agnippe biscolorella, Cham. S feed in some way on this tree. A larva (of one of them?) feeds in the "honey" inside the seed-pods.

CERCIS CANADENSIS. Judas-tree, or Redbud.

Gelechia cercerisella, Cham. Larva sews together the leaves.

THERMOPSIS FABACEA var. MONTANA.

Gracilaria thermopsella, Cham. Larva in a flat, irregular mine in upper surface of leaves.

DESMODIUM, sp.? Tick Trefoil.

Lithocolletis desmodiella, Clem. Larva in a small tentiform mine in under surface of the leaves.

Gracilaria desmodifoliella, Clem. Larva at first mines, and then rolls the leaf.

Gracilaria (Parectopa) robiniella, Clem. Larva in a flat, digitate mine in upper surface of leaves.

Gelechia desmodifoliella, Cham. Larva only is known. It feeds on the flowers.

Gelechia, sp.

The larva only is known. It feeds in a silken tube on

the under side of the leaves.

LESPEDEZA, sp.?

Gracilaria (Parectopa) lespedezafoliella, Clem. Larva in flat, acutely digitate mine in upper surface.

TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE. Red Clover (and other species ?).

Gelechia roseosuffusella, Clem. Larva mines the leaves.
Anaphora agrotipennella, Grote. Larva feeds in clover-sod.

Walshia amorphella, Clem. Larva burrows in the stem.