1859-Alvordius maculatus GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 67. 1859-Hadropterus maculatus GIRARD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 100. Etheostoma maculatum COPE, Am. Philos. Soc. 449, 1870. Etheostoma maculatum VAILLANT, Recherches sur les Poissons, etc. 54, 1873. Alvordius maculatus JORDAN, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. iv, 438, 1878. 1877-Alvordius aspro COPE & JORDAN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 51. Alvordius aspro JORDAN, Bull. Nat. Mus. x, 14, 1877. Numerous young specimens with the coloration obliterated, but not apparently different from ordinary Indiana specimens. ART. XXXIV.-CATALOGUE OF PHENOGAMOUS AND VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMOUS PLANTS COLLECTED DURING THE SUMMERS OF 1873 AND 1874 IN DAKOTA AND MONTANA ALONG THE FORTY-NINTH PARALLEL BY DR. ELLIOTT COUES U. S. A.: WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED THOSE COLLECTED IN THE SAME REGION AT THE SAME TIMES BY MR. GEORGE M. DAWSON. BY PROF. J. W. CHICKERING. [The present article is based primarily upon the collection of plants made by me during my connection with the United States Northern Boundary Commission. Those collected in 1873 were secured along the northern border of Dakota, in the valleys of the Red River of the North and of the Souris or Mouse River; and notably at Pembina, Dak. The collecting season of 1874 was along the northern border of Montana, and in the Rocky Mountains, at latitude 49° N. With the species represented in my own collection, Professor Chickering has, at my suggestion, incorporated those procured by my colleague of the British contingent of the Survey, as published by Mr. Dawson in his report (Svo, Montreal, 1875, pp. 351–379); thereby presenting a fair idea of the flora of the belt of country surveyed by the Boundary Commission. The species not represented in my collection, but derived from Mr. Dawson's list, are marked with the asterisk (*). For papers on other portions of my collections, see this Bulletin, this Vol., No. 1, pp. 259-292; No. 2, pp. 481-518; No. 3, pp. 545-661; No. 4, pp. 777-799.-ED.] This catalogue comprises 692 species, besides quite a number of varieties, and is of much value and interest, not so much for the number of new species enumerated as for the information supplied respecting the range of many species known to be common farther east, west, or south. A hasty comparison gives about 390 species found in New York or New England, about 80 distinctively Western in their habitat, and about 215 which belong on the plains and the Rocky Mountain region. The Leguminosa and the Composite are, of course, very largely represented, and exhibit a number of species peculiar to the region. The fact that but few collections were made previous to June will explain the absence of many spring flowers, which, from the character of the flora of summer, we should expect to find on that parallel. Allium stellatum, Nutt., Anemone Pennsylvanica, L., and Campanula rotundifolia, L., var. linifolia, were noticed as so abundant on the prairie as to give character to the landscape. Yucca angustifolia, Nutt., was collected along the Missouri River, prob ably reaching here its northern limit. The species common to this region and the East show, for the most part, the effect of the drier climate and the scorching sun of the plains in smaller, thicker, more hirsute leaves. Among the Cactacea but two species are found, Mammillaria viripara and Opuntia Missouriensis, quite abundant along the central region, from 103° to 111° west longitude, limited very abruptly by increasing moisture of soil and climate. Salicornia herbacea and Rumex maritimus suggest the saline character of the soil, and flourish as luxuriantly as if the sea still washed those inland shores. The paucity in species of trees, excepting Coniferæ, is in striking contrast to the variety of the East, and may in part arise from the fact that so many trees are out of flower before the beginning of June. The Orchidacea would naturally be poorly represented. Carices and Graminea are quite abundant and interesting, while Filices make but a scanty display. Doubtless a careful examination of certain localities through the entire season would add many species to the list, but the present catalogue serves very well to convey to the botanist a good idea of the characteristic flora of the 49th parallel. RANUNCULACEE. 1. Clematis verticillaris, DC. 1874. July, August. Frenchman's Creek to Rocky Mountains. 2. Clematis ligusticifolia, Nutt. 1874. July. Along Frenchman's Creek. *3. Anemone alpina, L. 4. Anemone multifida, DC. *5. Anemone nemorosa, L. *6. Anemone parviflora, Mx. 7. Anemone patens, L., var. Nuttalliana, Gray. 1873. July, August. Between Pembina and Mouse River. Apparently an autumnal inflorescence, the buds and flowers appearing with the mature leaves. 8. Anemone Pennsylvanica, L. 1873. July. Pembina. Very abundant. 1874. July. Prairie near Milk River. *9. Thalictrum cornuti, L. 10. Thalictrum dioicum, L. 1873. July. Pembina. Very common, on the prairie. 11. Thalictrum purpurascens, L. 1873. July, August. Pembina and along Mouse River. *12. Ranunculus abortivus, L. #13. Ranunculus affinis, R. Br. Ranunculus affinis, R. Br., var. cardiophyllus. 1873. July. Pembina. 14. Ranunculus aquatilis, L., var. trichophyllus. 1873. August, September. Mouse River. 14a. Ranunculus aquatilis, L., var. capillaceus. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. 15. Ranunculus cymbalaria, Pursh. 1873. July. Pembina. In company with Lemna trisulca. 1874. August. Rocky Mountains. On wet prairie. 16. Ranunculus Flammula, L., var. reptans. *17. Ranunculus hispidus, Mx. *18. Ranunculus Purshii, Rich. *19. Ranunculus pygmæus, Wehl. 20. Ranunculus repens, L. 1873. July. Pembina. Very hirsute. 1874. July. Frenchman's Creek. *21. Ranunculus rhomboideus, Gold. *22. Myosurus minimus, L. *23. Caltha palustris, L. *24. Coptis trifolia, Salisb. *25. Aquilegia Canadensis, L. *26. Aquilegia flavescens, Watson. 27. Aquilegia vulgaris, L., var. brevistyla. 1873. July. Pembina. *28. Delphinium azureum, Mx. 29. Actæa spicata, L., var. rubra. 1873. July. Pembina and along Mouse River. MENISPERMACEÆ. 30. Menispermum Canadense, L. BERBERIDACEÆ. *31. Berberis (Mahonia) aquifolium, Pursh. NYMPHACEÆ. *32. Nuphar advena, Ait. SARRACENIACEÆ. *33. Sarracenia purpurea, L. PAPAVERACEEÆ. *34. Sanguinaria Canadensis, L. |