Bent their aspect, and whom they wish'd beheld, With complicated monsters head and tail, Engender'd in the Pythian vale or slime, Huge Python, and his power no less he seem'd I call ye, and declare ye now; return'd Above the rest still to retain; they all Successful beyond hope, to lead ye forth Him follow'd, issuing forth to the open field, Triumphant out of this infernal pit Where all yet left of that revolted rout, Heaven-fall'n, in station stood or just array; They saw, but other sight instead! a crowd They felt themselves, now changing; down their arms, Of horrible confusion ; over which Down fell both spear and shield ; down they as fast; By Sin and Death a broad way now is pav'd And the dire hiss renew'd, and the dire form To expedite your glorious march ; but I Catch'd, by contagion; like in punishment, Toild out my uncouth passage, forc'd to ride As in their crime. Thus was the applause they meani, The untractable abyss, plung'd in the womb Turn'd to exploding hiss, triumph to shame Of unoriginal Night and Chaos wild ; Cast on themselves from their own mouths. There That, jealous of their secrets, fiercely oppos'd stood My journey strange, with clamorous uproar A grove hard by, sprung up with this their change, Protesting Fate supreme; thence how I found His will who reigns above, to aggravate The new created world, which fame in Heaven Their penance, laden with fair fruit, like that Long had foretold, a fabric wonderful Which grew in Paradise, the bait of Eve Of absolute perfection! therein Man Us'd by the tempter : on that prospect strange Plac'd in a Paradise, by our exíle Their earnest eyes they fix’d, imagining Made happy : him by fraud I have seduc'd For one forbidden tree a multitude From his Creator; and, the more to increase Now ris'n, to work them further woe or shame; Your wonder, with an apple ; he, thercat Yet, parch'd with scalding thirst and hunger fierce, Offended, worth your laughter! hath given up Though to delude them sent, could not abstain; Both his beloved Man and all his world, But on they rollid in heaps, and up the trees To Sin and Death a prey, and so to us, Climbing, sat thicker than the snaky locks Without our hazard, labor, or alarm; That curld Megara : greedily they pluck'd To range in, and to dwell, and over Man The fruitage fair to sight, like that which grew To rule, as over all he should have rul'd. Near that bituminous lake where Sodom flam'd: True is, me also he hath judg'd, or rather This more delusive, not the touch, but taste Me not, but the brute serpent in whose shape Deceiv'd: they, fondly thinking to allay Man I deceiv'd: that which to me belongs Their appetite with gust, instead of fruit Is enmity, which he will put between Chew'd bitter ashes, which the offended taste Me and mankind; I am to bruise his heel; With spattering noise rejected: oft they assay'd, His seed, when is not set, shall bruise my head : Hunger and thirst constraining; drugg'd as oft, A world who would not purchase with a bruise, With hatefullest disrelish writh'd their jaws, Or much more grievous pain ?-Ye have the account Wish soot and cinders fill'd ; so oft they fell Of my performance : what remains, ye gods, Into the same illusion, not as Man (plagu'd But up, and enter now into full bliss ?" Whom they triumph'd once laps’d. Thus were they So having said, awhile he stood, expecting And worn with famine, long and ceaseless hiss, Their universal shout and high applause, Till their lost shape, permiued, they resum'd ; To fill his ear; when, contrary, he hears Yearly enjoin'd, some say, to undergo On all sides, from innumerable tongues, This annuai humbling certain number'd days, A dismal universal hiss, the sound To dash their pride, and joy, for Man seduc'd. Of public scorn; he wonder'd, but not long However, some tradition they dispers’d Had leisure, wondering at himself now more ; Among the Heathen, of their purchase got, His visage drawn he felt to sharp and spare ; And fabled how the serpent, whom they called His arms clung to his ribs; his legs entwining Ophion, with Eurynome, the wideEach other, till supplanted down he fell Encroaching Eve perhaps, had first the rule A monstrous serpent on his belly prone, Of high Olympus; thence by Saturn driven And Ops, ere yet Dictæan Jove was born. Close following pace for pace, not mounted yet To his bold riot : dreadful was the din On his pale horse: to whom Sin thus began. Of hissing through the hall, thick swarming now Second of Satan sprung, all-conquering Death What think'st thou of our empire now, though earn'd In sextile, square, and trine, and opposite, Of noxious efficacy, and when to join Whom thus the Sin-born monster answer'd soon. Which of them rising with the Sun, or falling, “To me, who with eternal famine pine, Should prove tempestuous; to the winds they set Alike is Hell, or Paradise, or Heaven; Their corners, when with bluster to confound There best, where most with ravine I may meet; Sea, air, and shore; the thunder when to roll Which here, though plenteous, all too little seems With terror through the dark aëreal hall. To stuff this maw, this vast unbide-bound corps." Some say he bid his angels turn askance To whom the incestuous mother thus replied. The poles of Earth, twice ten degrees and more “ Thou therefore on these herbs, and fruits, and From the Sun's axle; they with labor push'd flowers, Oblique the centric globe: some say, the Sun Feed first; on each beast next, and fish and fowl; Was bid turn reins from the equinoctial road No homely morsels! and whatever thing Like distant breadth to Taurus with the seven Up to the tropic Crab: thence down amain This said, they both betook them several ways, Of seasons to each clime; else had the spring Both to destroy, or unimmortal make Pe ual smild on Earth with vernant flow'rs, All kinds, and for destruction to mature Equal in days and nights, except to those “See, with what heat these dogs of Hell advance Had rounded still the horizon, and not known To waste and havoc yonder world, which I Or east or west; which had forbid the snow So fair and good created ; and had still From cold Estotiland, and south as far Kept in that stale, had not the folly of Man Beneath Magellan. At that tasted fruit Let in these wasteful furies, who impute The Sun, as from Thyestean banquet, turn'd Folly to me; so doth the prince of Hell His course intended; else, how had the world And his adherents, that with so much ease Inhabited, though sinless, more than now, I suffer them to enter and possess Avoided pinching cold and scorching heat? Like change on sea and land ; sideral blast, Corrupt and pestilent: now, from the north Of Norumbega, and the Samoed shore, And know not that I call’d, and drew them thither, Bursting their brazen dungeon, arm’d with ice, My Hell-hounds, to lick up the draff and filth And snow, and hail, and stormy gust and flaw, Which Man's polluting sin with taint hath shed Boreas, and Cæcias, and Argesles loud, On what was pure; till cramm'd and gorg'd, nigh And Thrascias, rend the woods, and seas upturn, burst With adverse blast upturns them from the south With suck'd and glutted offal, at one sling Notus, and Afer black with thunderous clouds of thy victorious arm, well pleasing Son, From Serraliona; thwart of these, as fierce, Both Sin, and Death, and yawning Grave, at last, Forth rush the Lévant and the Ponent winds, Through Chaos hurl'd, obstruct the mouth of Hell Eurus and Zephyr, with their lateral noise, For ever, and seal up his ravenous jaws. Sirocco and Libecchio. Thus began Daughter of Sin, among the irrational He ended, and the heavenly audience loud Beast now with beast 'gan war, and fowl with fowl, Sung Halleluiah, as the sound of seas, And fish with fish: to graze the herb all leaving, Through multitude that sung : “ Just are thy ways, Devour'd each other; nor stood much in awe Righteous are thy decrees on all thy works ; Of man, but fied him: or, with countenance grim, Who can extenuate thee? Next, to the Son, Glard on him passing. These were from without Destin'd Restorer of mankind, by whom The growing miseries, which Adam saw New Heaven and Earth shall to the ages rise, Already in part, though hid in gloomiest shade, Or down from Heaven descend."-Such was their To sorrow abandon'd, but worse felt within; song ; And, in a troubled sea of passion tost, Thus to disburden sought with sad complaint. The glory of that glory, who now become of happiness !-Yet well, if here would end Solstitial summer's heat. To the blanc Moon The misery; I deserv'd it, and would bear Her office they prescribed ; to the other five My own deservings; but this will not serve : Their planetary motions, and aspécts, All that I eat or drink, or shall beget, Is propagated curse. O voice, once heard Strange contradiction, which to God himself Impossible is held ; as argument For anger's sake, finite to infinite, Who of all ages to succeed, but, feeling In punish's Man, to satisfy his rigor, The evil on him brought by me, will curse Satisfied never! That were to extend My head ? Il fare our ancestor impure, His sentence beyond dust and Nature's law: For this we may thank Adam! but his thanks By which all causes else, according still Shall be the execration: so, besides To the reception of their matter, act; Mine own that bide upon me, all from me Not to the extent of their own sphere. But say Shall with a fierce reflux on me rebound; That death be not one stroke, as I suppos'd, Bereaving sense, but endless misery To perpetuity:-Ay me! that fear Comes thundering back with dreadful revolution Are found eternal, and incorporate both; Posterity stands curs'd: fair patrimony That I must leave ye, sons ! O, were I able All I receiv'd ; unable to perform To waste it all myself, and leave ye none ! Thy terms too hard, by which I was to hold So disinherited, how would you bless The good I sought not. To the loss of that, Me, now your curse! Ah, why should all mankind Sufficient penalty, why hast thou added For one man's fault, thus guiltless be condemn'd, The sense of endless woes! Inexplicable If guiltless ? But from me what can proceed, Thy justice seems; yet, to say truth, too late But all corrupt; both mind and will depravid I thus contest; then should have been refus'd Not to do only, bar to will the same Those terms, whatever, when they were propos'd : With me? How can they then acquitted stand Thou didst accept them: wilt thou enjoy the good, In sight of God? Him, after all disputes, Then cavil the conditions ? and, though God Forc'd I absolve: all my evasions vain, Made thee without thy leave, what if thy son And reasonings, though through mazes, lead me still Prove disobedient; and, reprov'd, retort, But to my own conviction : first and last · Wherefore didst thou beget me? I sought it not :' On me, me only, as the source and spring Wouldst thou admit for his contempt of thee Of all corruption, all the blame lights due ; That proud excuse ? yet him not thy election, So might the wrath! fond wish! couldst thou support But natural necessity, begot. That burden, heavier than the Earth to bear; God made thee of choice his own, and of his own Than all the world much heavier, though divided To serve him; thy reward was of his grace; With that bad woman? Thus, what thou desir’st, Thy punishment then justly is at his will. And what thou fear'st, alike destroys all hope Be it so, for I submit; his doom is fair, Of refuge, and concludes thee miserable That dust I am, and shall to dust return: Beyond all past example and future; O welcome hour whenever! Why delays To Satan only like both crime and doom. His hand to execute what his decree O Conscience! into what abyss of fears Fix'd on this day? Why do I overlive? And horrors hast thou driven me ; out of which Why am I mock'd with death, and lengthen'd out I find no way, from deep to deeper plung'd!" To deathless pain? How gladly would I meet Thus Adam to himself lamented loud, Mortality my sentence, and be earth Through the still night; not now, as ere Man fell, Insensible! How glad would lay me down Wholesome, and cool, and mild, but with black air As in my mother's lap! There I should rest Accompanied ; with damps, and dreadful gloom; And sleep secure; his dreadful voice no more Which to his evil conscience represented Would thunder in my ears; no fear of worse All things with double terror : on the ground To me, and to my offspring, would torment me Outstretch'd he lay, on the cold ground; and oft With cruel expectation. Yet one doubt Curs’d his creation; Death as oft accus'd Pursues me still, lest all I cannot die; Of tardy execution since denounc'd Lest that pure breath of life, the spirit of Man The day of his offence. “Why comes not Death," Which God inspir’d, cannot together perish Said he, “ with one thrice-acceptable stroke With this corporeal clod; then, in the grave, To end me? Shall Truth fail to keep her word, Or in some other dismal place, who knows Justice Divine not hasten to be just ? But I shall die a living death? O thought But Death comes not at call; Justice Divine Horrid, if true! Yet why? It was but breath Mends not her slowest pace for prayers or cries. Of life that sinn'd; what dies but what had life O woods, O fountains, hillocks, dales, and bowers! And sin? The body properly hath neither. With other echo late I taught your shades All of me then shall die : let this appease To answer, and resound far other song."The doubt, since human reach no further knows. Whom thus amicted when sad Eve beheld For though the Lord of all be infinite, Desolate where she sat, approaching nigh, Is his wrath also ? Be it, Man is not so, Soft words to his fierce passion she assay'd : But mortal doom'd. How can he exercise But her with stern regard he thus repell’d. Wrath without end on Man, whom death must end? “Out of my sight, thou serpent! That name best Can he make deathless death? That were to make Befits thee with him leagu'd, thyself as false And hateful; nothing wants, but that thy shape, Acknowledg’d and deplor'd in Adam wrou Like his, and color serpentine, may show Commiseration : soon his heart relented Thy inward fraud ; to warn all creatures from thee Towards her, his life so late, and sole delig! Henceforth ; lest that too heavenly form, pretended Now at his feet submissive in distress ; To hellish falsehood, snare them! But for thee Creature so fair his reconcilement seeking. I had persisted happy; had not thy pride His counsel, whom she had displeas'd, his a And wandering vanity, when least was safe, As one disarm’d, his anger all he lost, Rejected my forewarning, and disdain'd And thus with peaceful words uprais d her Not to be trusted ; longing to be seen, “Unwary, and too desirous, as before, Though by the Devil himself; him overweening So now of what thou know'st not, who desi To over-reach; but, with the serpent meeting, The punishment all on thyself; alas ! Fool'd and beguild; by him thou, I by thee, Bear thine own first, ill able to sustain To trust thee from my side; imagin'd wise, His full wrath, whose thou feel'st as yet lea Constant, mature, proof against all assaults; And my displeasure bear'st so ill. If praye And understood not all was but a show, Could alter high decrees, I to that place Rather than solid virtue ; all but a rib Would speed before thee, and be louder hea Crooked by nature, bent, as now appears, That on my head all might be visited; More to the part sinister, from me drawn; Thy frailty and infirmer sex forgiven, Well if thrown out, as supernumerary To me committed, and by me expos'd. To my just number found. O! why did God, But rise ;-let us no more contend, nor blam Creator wise, that peopled highest Heaven Each other, blam'd enough elsewhere; but With spirits masculine, create at last In offices of love, how we may lighten This novelty on Earth, this fair defect Each other's burthen, in our share of woe ; Of Nature, and not fill the world at once Since this day's death denounc'd, if aught I With men, as angels, without feminine ; Will prove no sudden, but a slow-pac'd, evi Or find some other way to generate A long day's dying to augment our pain, Mankind ? This mischief had not then befall'n, And to our seed (O hapless seed!) deriv'd." And more that shall befall; innumerable To whom thus Eve, recovering heart, re Disturbances on Earth through female snares, “ Adam, by sad experiment I know And straight conjunction with this sex : for either How little weight my words with thee can He never shall find out fit mate, but such Found so erroneous; thence by just event As some misfortune brings him, or mistake ; Found so unfortunate : nevertheless, Or whom he wishes most shall seldom gain Restor'd by thee, vile as I am, to place Through her perverseness, but shall see her gain’d Of new acceptance, hopeful to regain By a far worse; or, if she love, withheld Thy love, the sole contentment of my heart By parents; or his happiest choice too late Living or dying, from thee I will not hide Shall meet, already link'd and wedlock-bound What thoughts in my unquiet breast are rise To a fell adversary, his hate or shame; Tending to some relief of our extremes, Which infinite calamity shall cause Or end; though sharp and sad, yet tolerable To human life, and household peace confound.” As in our evils, and of easier choice. He added not, and from her turn’d; but Eve, If care of our descent perplex us most, Not so repuls'd, with tears that ceas'd not flowing Which must be born to certain woe, devour' And tresses all disorder'd, at his feet By Death at last; and miserable it is, Fell humble; and, embracing them, besought To be to others cause of misery, His peace, and thus proceeded in her plaint. Our own begotten, and of our loins to bring “ Forsake me not thus, Adam! witness Heaven Into this cursed world a woful race, What love sincere, and reverence in my heart That after wretched life must be at last I bear thee, and unweeting have offended, Food for so foul a monster; in thy power Unhappily deceiv'd! Thy suppliant It lies, yet ere conception, to prevent I beg, and clasp thy knees; bereave me not, The race unblest, to being yet unbegot. Whereon I live, thy gentle looks, thy aid, Childless thou art, childless remain : so Dea Thy counsel, in this uttermost distress, Shall be deceiv'd his glut, and with us two My only strength and stay: forlorn of thee, Be forc'd to satisfy his ravenous maw. Whither shall I betake me, where subsist ? But if thou judge it hard and difficult, While yet we live, scarce one short hour perhaps, Conversing, looking, loving, to abstain Between us two let there be peace; both joining, From love's due rites, nuptial embraces swe As join'd in injuries, one enmity And with desire to languish without hope, Against a foe by doom express assign'd us, Before the present object languishing That cruel serpent: on me exercise not With like desire ; which would be misery Thy hatred for this misery befall'n; And torment less than none of what we dre On me already lost, me than myself Then, both ourselves and seed at once to fre More miserable! Both have sinn'd; but thou From what we fear for both, let us make sh Against God only; I against God and thee; Let us seek Death ;-or, he not found, suppl And to the place of judgment will return, With our own hands his office on ourselves : There with my crimes impórtune Heaven ; that all Why stand we longer shivering under fears, The sentence, from thy head remov'd, may light. That show no end but death, and have the i On me, sole cause to thee of all this woe; of many ways to die the shortest choosing, Me, me only, just object of his ire !" Destruction with destruction to destroy ??? She ended weeping; and her lowly plight, She ended here, or vehement despair Immovable, till peace obtain 'd from fault Broke off the rest : so much of death her th Had entertain'd, as dy'd her cheeks with pale. Which might supply the Sun: such fire to use, To evils which our own misdeeds have wrought, Laboring had rais'd ; and thus to Eve replied. He will instruct us praying, and of grace “ Eve, thy contempt of life and pleasure seems Beseeching him; so as we need not fear To argue in thee something more sublime To pass commodiously this life, sustain'd And excellent, than what thy mind contemns ; By him with many comforts, till we end But self-destruction therefore sought, refutes In dust, our final rest and native home. That excellence thought in thee; and implies, What better can we do, than, to the place Not thy contempt, but anguish and regret Repairing where he judg'd us, prostrate fall For loss of life and pleasure overlov'd. Before him reverent; and there confess Or if thou covet death, as utmost end Humbly our faults, and pardon beg; with tears Of misery, so thinking to evade Watering the ground, and with our sighs the air The penalty pronounc'd ; doubt not but God Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite, in sign Hath wiselier arm’d his vengeful ire, than so Of sorrow unfeign'd, and humiliation meek? To be forestallid ; much more I fear lest death, Undoubtedly he will relent, and turn So snatch'd, will not exempt us from the pain From his displeasure; in whose looks serene, We are by doom to pay; rather, such acts When angry most he seem'd and most severe, Of contumacy will provoke the Highest What else but savor, grace, and mercy, shone ?" To make death in us live: then let us seek So spake our father penitent; nor Eve Some safer resolution, which methinks Felt less remorse : they, forth with to the place Of sorrow unfeign'd, and humiliation meek. BOOK XI. THE ARGUMENT. The Son of God presents to his Father the prayers That cuts us off from hope; and savors only of our first parents now repenting, and interRancor and pride, impatience and despite, cedes for them : God accepts them, but declares Reluctance against God and his just yoke that they must no longer abide in Paradise. sends Laid on our necks. Remember with what mild Michael with a band of cherubim to dispossess And gracious temper he both heard, and judg’d, them; but first to reveal to Adam future things.. Without wrath or reviling; we expected Michael's coming down. Adam shows to Eve Immediate dissolution, which we thought certain ominous signs; he discerns Michael's apWas meant by death that day; when lo! to thee proach ; goes out to meet him : the angel dePains only in child-bearing were foretold, nounces their departure. Eve's lamentation. Adam And bringing forth ; soon recompens'd with joy, pleads, but submits; the angel leads him up to a Fruit of thy womb: on me the curse aslope high hill; sets before him in vision what shall Glanc'd on the ground; with labor I must earn happen till the Flood. My bread; what harm? Idleness had been worse ; My labor will sustain me; and, lest cold Thus they, in lowliest plight, repentant stood Or heat should injure us, his timely care Praying; for from the mercy-seat above Hath, unbesought, provided ; and his hands Prevenient grace descending had remov'd Cloth'd us unworthy, pitying while he judg’d; The stony from their hearts, and made new flesh How much more if we pray him, will his ear Regenerate grow instead ; that sighs now breath'd Be open, and his heart to pity incline, Unutterable; which the spirit of prayer And teach us further by what means to shun Inspir’d, and wing'd for Heaven with speedier Aight The inclement seasons, rain, ice, hail, and snow? Than loudest oratory: yet their port Which now the sky, with various face, begins Not of mean suitors; nor important less To show us in this mountain; while the winds Seem'd their petition, than when the ancient pair Blow moist and keen, shattering the graceful locks In fables old, less ancient yet than these, Of these fair spreading trees; which bids us seek Deucalion and chaste Pyrrha, to restore Some better shroud, some better warmth to cherish The race of mankind drown'd, before the shrine Our limbs benumb'd, ere this diurnal star of Themis stood devout. To Heaven their prayers Leave cold the night, how we his gather'd beams Flew up, nor miss'd the way, by envious winds Reflected may with matter sere foment; Blown vagabond or frustrate : in they pass'd Or, by collision of two bodies, grind Dimensionless through heavenly doors; then clad The air attrite to fire; as late the clouds With incense, where the golden altar fum'd, Justling, or push'd with winds, rude in their shock, By their great Intercessor, came in sight Tine the slant lightning; whose thwart flame, driven Before the Father's throne: them the glad Son down, Presenting, thus to intercede began. Kindles the gummy bark of fir or pine; “See, Father, what first-fruits on Earth are sprung And sends a comfortable heat from far From thy implanted grace in Man; these sighs |