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240

Seven Ages of Intemperance.

liberty, when all its advocates, like O'Connell, shall discover that freedom and strong drink cannot exist together. It augurs well for the cause of liberty in Ireland, that its fearless advocate is a good temperance man; and it is equally creditable to the Irish people, that his speech was received with applause. Queries-How would it do for our Presidential and Congressional candidates to harangue the people in favour of total abstinence? Are we less likely to retain our liberties than the Irish are to achieve theirs? Fear of popular displeasure did not deter O'Connell from denouncing whiskey. He did not stop to inquire whether his hearers were 'prepared to receive the doctrine.' Are not some of our American clergy less faithful than the Irish politician? Would a parasite or a courtier entertain the gentry and nobility with a temperance speech? Or would any urge on an autocrat the duty of refraining from wine, lest he should 'pervert judgment? Is it not plain that the common people are, every where, more ready for the work of moral reform, than the luxurious? By whom, then, should schemes of moral reform be framed and administered? To whom should we look for counsel, and example, and influence, in our temperance measures?

THE SEVEN AGES OF INTEMPERANCE.

A PARODY

"Use me, but don't abuse me."-Ace of Spades.

ALL the world's a bar-room,

And all the men and women merely tiplers:
They have their bottles and their glasses;
And one man in his time takes many quarts,
His drink being seven kinds.-At first the infant,
Taking the cordial in the nurse's arms;
And then, the whining school-boy with his drop
Or two of porter, just to make him creep
More willingly to school.-And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, o'er his lemonade,
Brewed into whiskey punch.-Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths, and reeling with brandy;
Brutal and beastly, sudden and quick in quarrels ;
Seeking the fiend Intemperance

E'en in the gallon's mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly, with Madeira lined,
Most elegantly drunk, superbly corned,
Full of wise saws against the use of gin:
And so he swallows wine.-The sixth drink
Shifts into the lean and bloated dram-drinker;
A spectacle his nose; he's scorched inside;
The wretch's ragged hose, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank; and his once manly hand
Shaking the cup of tea, well lined with rum,
Seems now five palsied bones. Last drink of all,
That ends intoxication's history,

Is laudanum, self-murder's long oblivion;

Sans faith, sans hope, sans life, sans every thing.

[Comic Annual.]

If the above lines do not seem very appropriate to a comic annual, they have the merit of conveying an important truth. The use of an intoxicating drink at any age, as uncalled for by the daily wants of the body or condition of the mind, is an abuse at the time, even though it were not, as it so often is, the beginning of a custom which finally becomes a fixed habit, at once destructive and degrading to the individual; the source of innumerable vexations and * heart-burnings; aye, heart-breakings to his friends.

Ardent Spirits in Warm Climates.-Doctor Marshall, the Deputy Inspector of Hospitals, observes: "I have myself marched on foot with troops in actual service, in a tropical climate, whose mean temperature is considerably higher than that of Jamaica, without any other beverage than wa*ter, and occasionally a cup of coffee. So far from being calculated to assist the human body in enduring fatigue, I have always found that the strongest liquors were the most enervating, and this in whatever quantity they were consumed; for the daily use of spirits is an evil habit, which retains its pernicious character through all its gradations: indulged at all, it can produce nothing better than a diluted or mitigated kind of mischief."

Different Tastes.-A French Journal, in noticing the method of making English ginger-beer, says: "As French palates are more delicate than those of their neighbours on the other side of the water, perhaps it will be better to leave out the ginger."

We congratulate Professor Stewart upon his triumphant refutation of the Strictures made upon his late Prize Essay, by a reviewer in the New York Observer. His remarks in relation to the mixed and brandied liquors, generally drank in Europe and in this country, under the name of wines, are in strict conformity with those of every writer who has investigated the subject. Our own opinions, in relation to the wines in ordinary use, will be found in the first volume of this Journal, page 136. To insure success to the efforts now making, in the cause of temperance, as decided a stand must be made against the use of wine, using the latter term in its common acceptation, as against ardent spirits. When pure light wine shall be placed within the reach of every individual throughout our country, it will be sufficient time to offer an opinion as to the propriety of its habitual use: we have at present, however, to guard against the extension of a pernicious doctrine, warmly advocated by many from whom we should have expected better things, that the constitution of man requires, for its well-being, a more stimulating drink than simple water.

Professor Hitchcock will please receive our thanks for his politeness in transmitting us a copy of the improved edition of his Lectures on Diet, Regimen, and Employment. The very favourable notice which he has taken, in this work, of our labours in the same cause in which he is himself engaged, prevents us from saying all that we should otherwise be induced to do, in its favour. We may venture, however, without being suspected of interested motives, to recommend the attentive perusal of the work to every one who desires to become acquainted with the means of avoiding disease and all its attendant sufferings. The improvements and additions which the present edition has received, render it, if possible, even -more interesting than the first.

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The Young Ladies' Journal of Literature and Science; edited by Mrs. Almira Spencer, Baltimore. W. & J. Neall, Publishers.-Judging from the contents of the six numbers already published, we have formed a very favourable opinion of *this work. It presents a pleasing miscellany of instructive and amusing articles, written generally with a good deal of taste. The Journal being, as its title imports, designed chiefly for the perusal of the young, the insertion of short scientific essays, written in a familiar style, which we believe is intended by the editor, will add greatly to its interest and usefulness.

To Clergymen, Sunday-school Teachers, and others.

THE POLYGLOTT POCKET BIBLE,

With 60,000 References.

KEY AND MIELKE, No. 175 Market Street, have in press, and will publish on the 1st of April, a splendid edition of the Polyglott Bible, the authorised version, with marginal readings and parallel passages in the centre.

This is the first and only pocket edition of the Bible, with parallel references in the centre, ever published in the United States, and is much more convenient than those with references at the bottom of the page. This Bible is about half the thickness of Bibles generally.

The Rev. H. Horne, in speaking of the London edition of the Bible, (from which the above is printed,) in his Introduction to the Study of Scripture, vol. 2, p. 527, says—“This edition is the most elegant and useful of all the Pocket Editions of the entire English Bible, with parallel references; and contains a new selection of upwards of 60,000 passages that are really parallel.

The following letter, on the subject of the intended publication of the Polyglott Pocket Bible, by L. A. Key, is from the pen of the Rev. Dr. Thomas M'Auley of this city, the publication of which is deemed proper here.

Philadelphia, 5th October, 1830.

DEAR SIR,-It has given me great pleasure to learn, that you have undertaken to give to the public, a neat, correct, and elegant, stereotype copy of the ENGLISH POLYGLOTT POCKET BIBLE, with its marginal references and readinge in a middle

column.

So far as I am able to judge, after several years' constant use of this Bible, I think the marginal references and readings are more correct and useful for all common purposes, than any others extant. Those of Canne, Scott, Brown, Bla. ney, Ostervald, and others, are too numerous, and many of them entirely useless to the Christian in the closet, or the scholar in the class: and are unpleasant and unprofitable when crowded into the margins of a pocket Bible,-while those of the Polyglott are few, yet containing all that is highly important, and by a very ingenious arrangement, are placed without confusion in a small middle column, without injuring or obscuring the face of the page.

The English copies of this Bible are too broad and long for convenient use, and the price is too high for common use. But your arrangement to reduce both the page and the price, and yet to retain all the benefit and beauty of the Bible, will entitle you to the merit of having put into the hands of the youth of your country, a reference Bible every way suited to the Closet, the Sabbath School, and the Bible Class. And should your stereotype plates be rendered sufficiently accurate, which we confidently expect, you cannot fail of commanding a most extensive sale. The necessities and the convenience of the whole community call loudly for an American edition of this valuable and well-prepared Bible.

Wishing you all possible success in your most praise-worthy efforts, and full remuneration for your risks, and cares and labours,

I remain, dear sir, your friend, and servant in the Gospel,
THOS. M'AULEY.

MR. L. A. KEY.

Pastor of the Tenth Presbyterian Church, corner of Waluut & Twelfth sts.

Further recommendations could have been easily inserted here; but the above contains such full and satisfactory evidence of the nature and utility of the work, as to preclude the necessity of any thing more.

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Nor he alone, remarks a celebrated moralist,* is to be esteemed a benefactor to mankind, who makes a useful discovery; but he also, who can point out and recommend an innocent pleasure, friendly alike to morals and to health. Of this kind are our emotions arising from the observation of nature; and they are highly agreeable to every taste uncorrupted by vicious indulgence.

Rural scenes, of almost every kind, are delightful to the mind of man. The verdant plain, the flowery mead, the meandering stream, the playful lamb, the warbling of birds, are all capable of exciting emotions gently agreeable. But the misfortune is, that the greater number of us are hurried on in the career of life, with too great rapidity, to be able to give attention to that which solicits no passion. The darkest habitation in the dirtiest street of a city, where money can be earned, has greater charms, with many, than all the freshness and luxuriance of an Italian landscape. Yet the patron of refined pleasure, the elegant Epicurus, fixed the seat of his enjoyment in a garden. He thought a tranquil spot, furnished with the united sweets of art and nature, the best adapted to delicate repose: and even the severer philosophers of antiquity, were wont to discourse in the shade of a spreading tree, in some cultivated plantation.

It is obvious, on intuition, that nature often intended solely to please the eye in her vegetable productions. She decorates the flowret that springs beneath our feet, in all the perfection of external beauty. She has clothed the garden with a constant

VOL. II.-31

* Vicessimus Knox.

243

244

The Pleasures of a Garden.

succession of various hues. Even the leaves of the trees undergo pleasing vicissitudes. The fresh verdure they exhibit in the Spring, the various shades they assume in Summer, the yellow and russet tinge of Autumn, and the nakedness of Winter, afford a constant pleasure to a mind enamoured with the picturesque. From the snow-drop to the moss-rose, the flower-garden displays an infinite variety of shape and colour. The taste of the florist has been ridiculed as trifling; yet surely without reason. Did nature bring forth the tulip and the lily, the rose and the honeysuckle, to be neglected by the haughty pretender to superior reason? To omit a single social duty for the cultivation of a polyanthus, were ridiculous, as well as criminal; but to pass by the beauties lavished before us, without observing them, is no less ingratitude than stupidity. A bad heart finds little amusement but in a communication with the active world, where scope is given for the indulgence of malignant passions; but an amiable disposition is commonly known by a taste for the beauties of the animal and vegetable creation.

Among the employments suitable to old age, Cicero has enumerated the care of a garden. It requires no great exertion of mind or body; and its satisfactions are of that kind which please without agitation. Its beneficial influence on health, is an additional reason for an attention to it at an age when infirmities abound. In almost every description of the seats of the blessed, ideas of a garden seem to have predominated. The word Paradise itself, is synonymous with garden. The fields of Elysium, that sweet region of poesy, are adorned by the ancient writers with all that imagination can conceive to be in this way delightful. Poets have always been charmed with the beauties of a garden. Some of the most pleasing passages of Milton, are those in which he represents the happy pair engaged in cultivating their blissful abode. Pope also was distinguished for his love and taste for gardening; according to Warton, the enchanting art of modern gardening, for which Great Britain is deservedly celebrated, chiefly owes its origin and its improvements to the two last named poets, Milton and Pope. Lucan is represented by Juvenal as reposing in his garden. Virgil's Georgics prove him to have been captivated with rural scenes, though, to the surprise of his readers, he has not assigned a book to the subject of a garden. Shenstone made gardening his study; but with all his taste and fondness for it, he was not happy in it. The captivating scenes which he created at the Leasowes, afforded him, it is said, little pleasure in the absence of spectators. The truth is, he made the embellishment of his grounds, which should have been the amusement of his life, the business of it; and involved himself in such troubles, by the expenses it occasioned, as necessarily excluded tranquil enjoyment.

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