DEATH OF MASTER DOES NOT DISCHARGE APPRENTICESHIP. North Dakota.-Executors or administrators may assign indentures with the written consent of the apprentice, acknowledged before a justice of the peace. If apprentice refuses such consent, the probate or district court may authorize such assignment without his consent. South Carolina.-The unexpired term of service shall be deemed assets in the hands of the executors or administrators of the master, and they may retain apprentice in their own service or may assign the unexpired term, if the consent of the party or parties whose approbation is necessary to the binding out of the minor in the first instance can be procured. South Dakota.-The same as North Dakota, above. REMOVAL OF MASTER FROM STATE OR TERRITORY DISCHARGES APPRENTICESHIP. Iowa.-Unless otherwise provided for in indentures, or unless apprentice elects to continue in his service. MASTER HAS POWER TO ENFORCE OBEDIENCE AND GOOD BEHAVIOR. Alabama.-By such moderate corporal chastisement as a father or guardian is allowed to inflict at common law. Delaware.-By moderate correction and by suitable and sufficient means. Georgia.-By using only the same degree of force as a father may use with his minor child. Texas.-By such moderate corporal chastisement as may be necessary and proper. ALL CONSIDERATIONS OF MONEY, CLOTHES, ETC., PAID OR ALLOWED BY THE MASTER ARE THE SOLE PROPERTY OF THE APPRENTICE. California. They must be paid or given only to the apprentice. Illinois.-They must be secured to and for the sole use and benefit of apprentice. Indiana.-"All valuable agreements on the part of the master shall be for the benefit of the apprentice." Maine. The same as California, above. Massachusetts.-They must be paid to, or secured to the sole use of, the appren tice. Michigan.-The same as Massachusetts, above. Rhode Island.-The same as Massachusetts, above. PERSONS, ETC., EMPOWERED TO BIND OUT MINORS. [See notes, pp. 28, 29.] The following persons, and officers of courts, of charitable and reformatory institutions, etc., are empowered (under certain conditions) to bind minors as apprentices in the States and Territories noted below: Executors who are directed by the last will of the father to bring up a child to some trade or calling.-California, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, New York. Fathers.-Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia. Guardians.-Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia. Minors themselves.-California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin. Mothers.-Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia. Officers in charge of the poor.-Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota. Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey. New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington. Officers of charitable institutions.-Indiana, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. Officers of courts.-Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia. Officers of manual-labor schools.-Indiana. Officers of reformatory institutions.-Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia. NOTES. The specific designations of the various classes of officers empowered to bind out minors are as follows: OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF THE POOR. Colorado.-County superintendent of the poor. Connecticut.-Selectmen of a town and overseers of an Indian tribe. Delaware.-Any two trustees of the poor. Illinois.-Overseers of the poor and county commissioners. Indiana.-Overseers of the poor (township trustees) and boards of children's guardians of townships. Iowa.-County supervisors. Kansas.-Overseers of the poor and superintendents of county asylums. Maryland.-Trustees of the poor and also, in Allegany County, the trustees of the almshouse. Massachusetts.-The same as Maine, above. Nevada.-The same as Minnesota, above. New Hampshire.-The same as Illinois, above. New Jersey.-Overseers of the poor, president of the board of trustees of the poorhouse, and directors of board of chosen freeholders. New York.-Overseers of the poor and county superintendents of the poor. Ohio.-Trustees of a township. Pennsylvania.-Overseers of the poor and directors of an almshouse. Rhode Island.-The same as Maine, above. South Carolina.-The same as Minnesota, above. South Dakota.-The same as North Dakota, above. Utah.-Selectmen of a town. Vermont.-The same as Maine, above. Virginia.-The same as Maine, above. Washington.-The same as Minnesota, above. OFFICERS OF CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. Indiana. Of orphan asylums. New York. Of societies or associations incorporated for the purpose of taking care of and protecting destitute infant minor children. North Carolina.-Of orphan asylums and other charitable institutions organized and incorporated for the purpose of taking care of indigent children. Ohio. The same as Indiana, above. Pennsylvania.-Of institutions organized for the purpose of providing for friendless and destitute children. Virginia.-Of associations, asylums, or schools incorporated for the support and education of destitute children. OFFICERS of Courts. California.-Judges of superior court. Delaware.-Any two justices of the peace. Florida.-Judge of the county court. Georgia.-Judge of the county court or the ordinary. Iowa.-Clerk of circuit court. Kansas.-Judge of probate court. Kentucky. The same as Florida, above. Maryland.-Judge of orphans' court and any two justices of the peace. Missouri.-The same as Kansas, above. Nevada.-Judge of the district court. New Mexico.-The same as Kansas, above. Tennessee.-The same as Florida, above. West Virginia.-Clerk of a court. OFFICERS OF REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS. Connecticut.-Trustees of Reform School and directors of Industrial School for Girls. Illinois.-Trustees of State Home for Female Juvenile Offenders. Indiana.-Superintendent of Female Reformatory, and superintendent of Reform School for Boys. Iowa.-Trustees of Reform School. Kansas.-Trustees of Reform School and of Industrial Home for Girls. Minnesota.—Managers of Reform School. Pennsylvania.-Managers of House of Refuge of Philadelphia and of the House of Refuge of Western Pennsylvania. Vermont.-The same as Iowa, above. West Virginia.-Managers of Industrial School for Boys. DUTIES OF THE MASTER. [See notes, pp. 30-32.] In the States and Territories noted below the duties of the master, which are expressly declared, are as follows: To give apprentice an education.-Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin. To furnish apprentice, during term of service, with certain things.-Alabama, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah. To furnish apprentice, at expiration of term of service, with certain things.-Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin. To teach or cause to be taught to apprentice the trade, etc., to which indentured.-Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia. To treat apprentice humanely.-Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Mexico, Texas. NOTES. The exact terms of the laws regarding the duties of the master are, where varying from the general statements of said duties above, as follows: TO GIVE APPRENTICE AN EDUCATION. Alabama.-An apprentice under 15 years of age must be taught to read and write. Arkansas.-An apprentice must be sent to school at least one-fourth of his time after he is 7 years old, and must be taught reading, writing, and arithmetic to the rule of three inclusive. California.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write, the ground rules of arithmetic, and ratio and proportion. Colorado.-An apprentice must be instructed in the common English branches of education, in some public or other school, at least three months in every year until he shall have arrived at the age of 14 years, and until he shall have received a common-school education. Delaware.-An apprentice must be given a reasonable education in reading and writing. Florida.-An apprentice must be taught the elements of reading and writing. Georgia.-An apprentice must be taught habits of industry, honesty, and morality, and to read English. Illinois.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write, and the ground rules of arithmetic. Indiana.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write, and the rules of arithmetic to the double rule of three inclusive. Iowa.-An apprentice must be sent to school, if there is one in the district, at least four months in each year after he becomes 6 years old. Kansas.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write, the ground rules and compound rules of arithmetic, and the rule of three. Louisiana.-A minor apprentice must be taught reading, writing, and the fundamental principles of arithmetic. Maryland.-An apprentice must be given a reasonable education in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Massachusetts.-A pauper minor bound out by the overseers of the poor must be taught to read, write, and cipher, and must be given such other instruction as the overseers may deem reasonable. Michigan.-A pauper minor bound out by the county superintendent of the poor must be given a suitable education. Minnesota.-The same as Illinois, above. Mississippi.-An apprentice must be sent to school until he learns to read and write and perform any ordinary calculation incident to the life of a farmer. Missouri.-An apprentice must be given a common-school education. Montana.-An apprentice must be permitted to attend school, if there is one kept in the district, for such a period of time in each year as may be prescribed in the indentures. Nevada.-A male apprentice, being bound to serve five years or more, must be taught to read and write the English language, the rules and principles of common English grammar, and arithmetic to and including the single rule of three. A female apprentice, being bound to serve four years or more, must be taught to read and write the English language and the first four rules of arithmetic. New Hampshire.-The same as Massachusetts, above. New Mexico.-An apprentice must be sent to school at least three months in each year after becoming 9 years old. New York.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write, and a male apprentice must also be taught the general rules of arithmetic. North Carolina.-Indigent children bound out by clerks of superior courts must be taught to read and write and the rules of arithmetic to the double rule of three. North Dakota.-An apprentice must be taught to read and write and the general rules of arithmetic, or must be sent to school three months in each year for the period of the indenture. Ohio.-An apprentice must be sent to school at least three months in each year after becoming 8 years old. Oregon.-A pauper minor bound out by the county court must be taught to read, write, and cipher, and must be given such other instruction as the court may deem reasonable. Rhode Island.-An apprentice must be given instruction in reading, writing, and ciphering, and such other instruction as may be fit and reasonable. South Dakota.-The same as North Dakota, above. Tennessee.-An apprentice must be taught to read, write, and cipher as far as the rule of three. Texas.-An apprentice must, if practicable, be sent to school at least three months in each year during the continuance of the apprenticeship and while he is within the scholastic age. Utah.-An apprentice must be sent to school while between the ages of 6 and 16 three months in each year, if there is a school in the district or vicinity. Virginia.-An apprentice must be taught reading, writing, and common arithmetic, including the rule of three. West Virginia.-An apprentice must be taught reading, writing, and common arithmetic. Wisconsin.—An apprentice must be taught to read and write and the general rules of arithmetic, and must be given such other instruction as may be agreed upon. TO FURNISH APPRENTICE, DURING TERM OF SERVICE, WITH CERTAIN THINGS. Alabama.-Good and wholesome provisions, and all necessary clothing, washing, lodging, and medical attention." Colorado.-Suitable clothing, food, and attention in sickness and health. Georgia.-Protection, wholesome food, suitable clothing, and necessary medicine and medical attention. Iowa.-Clothing such as will clothe apprentice in a comfortable and becoming manner. Kentucky.-Proper medical attention, food, and clothing. Mississippi.—A sufficiency of good and wholesome provisions, and necessary clothing, washing, and lodging. Nerada.-Substantial food and decent wearing apparel to a male minor bound to serve five years or more, and an ample supply of decent clothing and wholesome food to a female minor bound to serve four years or more. New Mexico.-Clothing, food, and lodging. New York.-Suitable and proper board, lodging, and medical attention. North Carolina.-In case of indigent children bound out by clerk of superior court, diet, clothes, lodging, and accommodation fit and necessary; in case of children over 14 years of age bound out to learn a trade or craft, medical attention, lodging, and clothing. Tennessee.-Diet, clothes, lodging, and accommodations fit and necessary. Texas.-Sufficient food and clothing, and necessary medicine and medical atten tion. Utah. The same as Iowa, above. TO FURNISH APPRENTICE, AT EXPIRATION OF TERM OF SERVICE, WITH CERTAIN THINGS. Alabama.-Two new suits of clothing. California.-Two new suits of clothes, to be worth at least $60 in gold, and $50 in gold. Colorado.-A new Bible, two new suits of clothes to be worth each $15 and $25 in current money of the United States. Delaware.-The same as Alabama, above. Florida.-A new suit of clothes, blanket, and shoes. Georgia.-A small allowance with which to begin life. The amount is to be left in the first instance to the generosity of the master. If he offers less than $100, the apprentice may decline it, and cite the master before the judge of the county court or the ordinary, who, after a hearing, shall fix the sum to be paid. Illinois.-A new Bible, two complete suits of wearing apparel suitable to the condition in life of the apprentice, and $20 in money. The above must be given only in case the apprentice has served one year or more. Kansas.-A new Bible, two new suits of clothes to the value of $40, and $10 in current money of the United States. Kentucky.-One hundred dollars to a male and $50 to a female. If apprentice has been taught to read and write, said money need not be paid Mississippi.-The same as Alabama, above. |