BREEDING OF WOODCOCKS (12 S. v. 319).As my query has not been answered I may perhaps be allowed to give the results of inquiries undertaken on my behalf by an obliging legal friend He discovered, through the Leicester Probate Registrar, the will of a widow, Mary Tupman, which was proved about the time in question. Nothing in the will relates to the breeding of woodcocks, but it is a very curious coincidence that Mrs. Tupman appointed a Rev. Hy. Woodcock as her executor! Possibly this fact was the origin of the story given by the author of Rural Sports,' vol. iii. (1812), pp. 167-8. HUGH S. GLADSTONE. JEANNE OF FLANDERS (12 S. vi. 208, 235).— Ulysse Chevalier, Répertoire des sources historiques du moyen age, Bio-bibliographie,' col. 3987, under the heading Robert, fils de Robert III., comte de Flandre, seigneur de Cassel et de Dunkerque 1320, +1331," refers to a work by P. J. E. de Smyttere, Robert de Cassel et Jehanne de Bretagne sa femme (XIVe s.),' Hazebrouck, 1886. As this book has over 350 pages it ought to contain the information wanted. EDWARD BENSLY. HINCKS AND FOULKES FAMILIES (12 S. vi. 229).-Pedigrees of Foulkes in Earwaker's History of St. Mary's-on-the-Hill,' Chester, pp. 268-9, and Ormerod's Cheshire' (1882), ii. 771, show that the Currie family represent Robert Foulkes, who married Susanna, daughter of Edward Hincks of .Chester. A writer in the Cheshire Sheaf,' ser. i. vol. ii. (1880), p. 120 said that the direct descendant in the male line of the Hincks family of Chester and Huntington (co. Chester) was then Capt. T. C. Hincks of Breckenbrough, co. York R. STEWART BROWN. “STUNNING " (12 S. v. 335; vi. 298).(a) The idea of the word “ 'stunning as equivalent to "amazingly admirable (very often connoting bulk or out-size") is illustrated by Lucretius, iv. 1157 (Munro, 1163): "Magna atque immanis, κarázλngis, plenaque honoris," among other hypocoristic against the phrase "now obsolete"? Surely stunning Warrington ('Pendennis,' cap. 28) is still understanded of the people. That no later quotation is given in the N.E.D.' proves nothing. I hear the word used several times a year: and in any case a word should not be called obsolete short of an occultation of two centuries. H. K. ST. J. S. F. E. HUGFORD (12 S. vi. 252).-An account of Ferdinando Enrico Hugford, and of his younger brother, Ignazio Enrico, is given in 'D.N.B.' See also Walpole's Letters,' Mrs. Toynbee's edition, vol. i., p. 303; vol. ii., pp. 288, 405. CINQVOYS. TONE OF BODENSTOWN, CO. KILDARE: PROSPEROUS (12 S. vi. 288).—On p. 289, s.v. "3. Matthew Tone" MR. HENRY FITZGERALD REYNOLDS writes Had a cotton manufactory at Prosperans (?) co. Kildare." There can, I think, be little doubt that Prosperous is the name wanted. It is about three miles due West of Clain. Robert Brooke, having acquired a fortune in the East, first established in or about 1780, a cotton factory in Dublin. Then he proceeded to build a new town, in order to remove the works from the insalubrity and expensive living of the metropolis. In three years it was finished. He also, in cooperation with one Kirchoffen, set up the business of making machinery. In these undertakings he spent £18,000. He called his "rising colony Prosperous." Having in further constructions, aqueducts, &c., exceeded his means, he obtained from the Irish Legislature a grant of £25,000. In 1786 he applied for more aid, which was refused, and he became insolvent. In 24 hours 1,400 looms were stopped. The manufactures continued on a small scale, "till 1798, when they became an object of attack from the rebels, since which time Prosperous has gradually descended to decay, and only a few scattered weavers now [c. 1822] linger among its ruins." See The Irish Tourist,' no date c. 1822, vol. ii., pp. 173-175. 66 ROBERT PIERPOINT. LATIN AS AN INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE (12 S. vi. 202, 234, 261, 282, 300).—To the list of books on the speaking of Latin (at the third reference) may be added 'How to speak Latin,' by Stephen W. Wiley (John asked a nephew of mine-at school within the last few years if its use was still prevalent. He told me it was. Asked why it was used, he replied, that among the young ideas it was thought to have the effect of causing the cane to glance off when the hand was held out obliquely to the master. It used to be the custom for the experienced to hold out the hand with a sort of downward movement and a turning motion of the knuckles, so that the full force of the blow did not fall on the hand in the horizontal position: this lessened the "sting"; the rosin assisted by making the cane glance "off. Such was the explanation. I remember that if we tried this game on our old Dominie he had a way of bringing his arm round and under the hand with a sharp rap on the knuckles. It was best to play the game with him. He had a way with him that was not pleasant if you tried to evade your due punishment. 66 THE LONDON UNIVERSITY (12 S. vi. 270).— The opening sentence of Mr. ALECK ABRAHAMS' interesting note on the opposition that the old London University had to encounter, is open to a misconception which I am sure the writer did not intend. Mr. Abrahams writes:-"The intended return of the University to the neighbourhood of Gower Street," &c. It is true that University College, Gower Street, was, in its early days, known as the London University (1827). But the name was a misnomer, for the institution could not grant degrees, and owing to the opposition of various chartered bodies, and the promoters of King's College, London, opened in 1831, to provide an education of a university character, the Privy Council in 1835, decided to incorporate the Gower Street institution under the name of London University College, and to establish a distinct examining body, to be called the University of London. VOLTAIRE'S CANDIDE, PART II. (12 S. Nov. 29, 1836, charters were granted to vi. 296).-A copy of the 'Editio Princeps London University College and the Univer-preserved in the Taylorian Library, at sity of London, provision being made that Oxford, which I have before me, bears the the latter should be under the general following pseudonymous title: Candide control of the Government. It is perhaps just as well that the fact should be noted, that the old London University and the University of London have always been separate institutions. F. A. RUSSELL. 116 Arran Road, Catford, S.E.6. On I have some recollection of lemon peel, as mentioned by MR. MARCHANT, being used ; but I think rosin was the generally favoured specific in my time. C. P. HALE. South Hackney, N.E. ou l'Optimisme, traduit de l'Allemand de• Mr. le Docteur Ralph [i.e., Voltaire].' Brunet's Manuel' (v. 1363) quotes it under the same title, adding in brackets ["sans lieu d'impression"], and giving its date, 1759, in 12mo. The work is printed, including the 'Table des 30 chapitres,' upon 240 pp., and appears to be complete, for the last sentence of p. 237 finishes thus: "Cela est bien dit, répondit Candide, mais il faut cultiver notre jardin.-F'in.” H. KREBS. LORE OF THE CANE (12 S. vi. 252, 302).— I well remember in my schooldays the use of rosin as a palliative to the punishment by way of a "hander from the cane. It was often resorted to by those whose attendance before the master was pretty frequent. The rosin was ground to a powder and well NURSERY TALES AND THE BIBLE (12 S. rubbed into the palms of the hand and vi. 271, 300).—As early as 1 S. v. 610 the fingers. Its frequent application tended extraordinary guess at the origin of Punch to harden the skin, and thus lessen the pain and Judy,' referred to by MR. A. R. BAYLEY of the infliction. Moreover, there was an in your latest number was introduced to our idea prevalent that it had the effect of notice. RUSTICUS (Edgmond, Salop) ensplitting the end of the cane. The punish-quired: " Are any of your readers of ing power of such a cane was less than that not so conditioned. I am going back in memory forty and more years ago: but from what I gathered recently the belief in the efficacy of rosin's application still N. & Q.' not aware that 'Punch and Judy is a corruption both in word and deed of Pontius cum Judæis?" One correspondent, N. B. (1 S. vi. 43) confessed that he was not aware of it and said that he had A SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY BOOKSELLER'S LABEL (12 S. vi. 205, 280).-Speaking of a recipe which contained ironfilings, sage, agrimony, sea scurvy grass, garden scurvy grass, worm wood, &c., with white wine and sherry wine added, and which he recommends as an invaluable antidote for dropsy and scurvy, Dr. George Bate (1608-69), the court physician, and fellow of the Royal Society says:— "Though this is a good tincture, yet that is much stronger which is made with the best spirit of scurvy grass....It not only cures deplorable dropsies and inveterate scurvies, but also the gout, jaundice, rheumatism, tremblings, palsies, and many other distempers of the nerves Pharmacopoeia Bateana,' translated by W. Salmon, M.P., p. 184). Weever (J.) Antient Funeral Monuments of 456). Notes on Books. English Madrigal Verse, 1588-1632. Edited from. the Original Song Books by E. H. Fellowes. (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 12s. 6d. net.) THIS work falls into two parts: (1) the Madrigalists; (2) the Lutenists. Each part is virtually a book by itself having its own List of the Authors, Notes and Index of First Lines. The sets of lyrics are arranged alphabetically under thenames of the musical composers. The work of the Madrigalists ranges in date from 1588 (William Byrd's Psalmes, Sonets, and Songs of Sadnes and Pietie') to Martin Peerson's Motets or Grave Chamber Musique 'published in 1630; that of the Lutenists from John Dowland's First Booke of Songes or Ayres of 1597 to Walter Porter's Madrigales and Ayres' of 1632. But A few of these Sets have been published before -notably in Herr Wilhelm Bolle's Die gedruckcertain number of madrigal ten englischen Liederbücher bis 1600': and a "words" have a recognised place in English literature. what Mr. Fellowes gives us here has been on the whole almost unknown or difficult to obtain, hitherto, and this volume is certain of a hearty welcome from lovers of music and poetry, as well as from the student of literature. The Preface reminds us-as of " a fact too little known to the ordinary man of letters "-that at the turn of the seventeenth century English music was in the forefront of the music of Europe." The last word has not by any means, we think, been said upon the theory of the relation between music and words; and the Elizabethan and Jacobean lyrics, written or chosen to be set to music, offer an excellent field for the study of the problem. The composers of madrigals brought the closest attention to bear upon the words: the music, far from obscuring or submerging their sense and force, was designed to enhance these. No doubt, the keen appreciation of good verse, common at this time, contributed much towards the practice of marrying verse with music upon more or less equal terms. Yet a perusal of this collection drives home the conviction that the obstacle, whatever it is, to real equality in that marriage remains insuperable. It These songs are, in a high proportion, genuinely poetry. Their syllables are apt for singing: in fact, this book illustrates with great felicity the possibilities of roundness and sonorousness in English. But, with one or two exceptions, they lack the crowning something which enables poetry to live by its own right. They are, in fact, true songs in that they postulate music; leaving a reader unsatisfied with them as they stand. would, we think, have been possible if one had not known it-to conjecture that they belonged to fully developed, highly self-conscious and elaborate music: just as it would probably occur For inscription on, and illustration of to an intelligent reader, who should be told that monumental brass in St. Dunstan's in the the Psalms, or the choruses in a Greek tragedy, West, 1530, see E. R. Suffling's English were intended to be sung, that they would be Church Brasses' (1910), p. 195. found set to music relatively simple and subordinate. H. G. HARRISON. Murray (T. B.) Chronicles of a City Church: St. 8vo. 1881. In considering the madrigals-the licence and the care taken by him to adhere to the natural accent of speech-one is tempted to wonder that song and regular verse never, save for one or two settings of verses from the Psalter, parted company. The element of rime may be taken to have determined this constancy; it might perhaps be successfully contended that rime has at least as much importance in sung as in spoken verse. On the whole, the Lutenists carry off the palm for poetry. For one thing, they have Campian among them-whom most of us hitherto have known as Campion. Mr. Fellowes's spelling is justified by the title-pages of the song-writer's books of Airs, and also by the poet's mode of Latinizing his name: "Tho. Campiani Epigramma, &c." In Walter Porter's set we came across a long, rather clumsy anticipation of Mr. Yeats's beautiful stanza, How many loved your moments of glad grace. In Philip Rossiter's Book of Airs' standing out from the mass of the rather heavily-pondered, slow-moving, ornate verses is a fresh, abrupt, little song, with a curious rhythm, beginning Shall I come if I swim? Wide are the waves you see, which, again, contrasted with the others, has something of the effect of the outburst What voices are these, &c., in Matthew Arnold's Tristram and Iseult.' The pretty lullaby of Robert Verstegan's, "Upon my lap my sovereign sits,' appears among the madrigals in Martin Peerson's 'Private Music.' Peerson's Motets are all settings to words from Fulke Greville's Caelica' Sonnets- excepting the elegy on the poet at the end. East, Ravenscroft and Thomas Weelkes have a set of doggerel rimes on tobacco. Sidney, Davison, Ben Jonson, Anthony Munday, Daniel, Donne, Greene, Carew, and several other poets less well known are represented here and we think that an index of these might be provided in a second edition. In view of that we may mention the evident dropping out of not in the first line on p. 341. 66 purchased by non-members-the annual subscription being 10s. 6d. This first number contains the entertaining paper on Travesties of Shakespeare's Plays' read before the Society last November by Mr. R. Farquharson Sharp, and part of Mr. F. W. Bourdillon's paper on Huon de Bordeaux' and 'Melusine,' read last December-a very careful and scholarly piece of work. Mr. Winship's Annual Letter on Bibliographical work in the United States contains good notes on the Catalogues of the Widener and John Carter Brown Libraries. Mr. Winship suggests a problem for solution by English readers-to wit, the identification of forty entries in the list of John Harvard's books, which have defied the researches of Mr. Potter (v. the Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts for March of this year). The reviews deal with Wiegendrucke und Handschriften,' a bibliographical 'Festgabe' offered to Dr. Haebler; with a Catalogue of the Incunabula in the Premonstratensian Canonry at Schlägl (Upper Austria); with Dr. Bradley's theory about the numbered sections in Old English Poetical MSS., and with Mr. Septimus Rivington's history of his family. Notices to Correspondents. EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries '"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publishers"-at the Office, Printing House Square, London, E.C.4.; corrected proofs to the Athenæum Press, 11 and 13 Bream's Buildings, E.C.4. ALL communications intended for insertion in our columns should bear the name and address of the sender-not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. CORRESPONDENTS repeating queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." MAJOR WM. PARRY (12 S. vi. 295).—MR. H. G. HARRISON writes: "There is a short account of him in the D.N.B.' which lacks however dates of birth and death." SUBSCRIPTION RATE The Notes-which show among other interesting things how many of he songs are translations -attest the care with which the text of each lyric has been settled. It is with the texts alone that for Twelve Months, including Volume Indexes and Title this book is concerned, both the music of the songs, and the biographies of the composers having been dealt with in Mr. Fellowes's earlier bookThe English Madrigal Composers.' The Library. Fourth Series, Vol. i. No. 1., with which are incorporated the Transactions of the Bibliographical Society. New Series, vol. i. No. 1. (Oxford University Press.) Pages, £1 10s. 4d., post free. WILL ANY ONE POSSESSING A COPY OR COPIES of any of the following Calcutta Newspapers viz., "JOHN BULL IN THE EAST," "JOHN BULL." or "THE ENGLISHMAN," of dates between 1821 and 1840, kindly allow same to be photographed? 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