CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.

State of the Navy under Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and

Queen Elizabeth—Ships under the last — Improvement —

Officers of—the Lord High Admiral . . Page 1

SIR MARTIN FROBISHER.

His First, Second, and Third Voyages to the Arctic Seas—Voy-

age to the West Indies — Vice-Admiral against the Armada –

Voyage to the Coast of Spain and the Islands—Supersedes Sir

Walter Raleigh on the Coast of Spain--As Admiral to the

Coast of France near Brest — Wounded at the Fort of Crozon

-His Death . . . . . . . 17

CAPTAIN JOHN DAVIS.

His First, Second, and Third Voyages to the Arctic Seas in

Search of a North-West Passage . . . . 49

SIR HUMPHREY GILBERT.

Obtains a Patent from the Queen to undertake North-Western

Discoveries, and to possess Lands—Sails for Newfoundland,

and takes Possession in the Name of Queen Elizabeth--- Is lost

at Sea on his Voyage home . . . . . 61

SIR JOHN HAWKINS.

Voyages to Guinea and the West Indies—Contest with the Spa-

niards at San Juan d'Ulloa—Disastrous Result-Vice-Admiral
against the Armada-Commands a Fleet on the Coast of Spain
-Another Expedition to the West Indies under Hawkins and
Drake-Fatal to both of them

69

SIR FRANCIS DRAKE.

gates the Grait of MagelhArchipelagotiny of the

Several Voyages to the West Indies-Discovers the South Sea

-Circumnavigates the Globe-The Case of Doughty, who is

executed-Passes the Strait of Magelhaens-Proceeds up the

Western Coast-Crosses the Indian Archipelago— Proceeds

Homewards round the Cape of Good Hope, Mutiny of the

“ Lyon,” and Proceedings at Sea, and Revision of them at

Home-Is Vice-Admiral against the Armada-Norris and

Drake Joint-Commanders on the Voyage to Portugal—United

with Hawkins to attack the Spanish Settlements—Falls sick

and dies . . . . . . . . 96

JOHN OXENHAM.

This young Man, countenanced by Drake, undertook a Voyage

in a single Ship to the Isthmus of Darien, crossed over it in

a Pinnace to Panama and the Pearl Islands—Was seized by

the Spaniards-Conveyed to Lima, and there executed as a

Pirate . . . . . . . . 145

CAPTAIN EDWARD FENTON

Performed two Voyages to the Arctic Seas under Frobisher,

commanded the Mary Rose in the Defeat of the Armada, was

appointed ostensibly to discover a North-West Passage by the

Cape of Good Hope ; fought three Spanish Ships at Port

St. Vincent, sunk one of them and returned to England 152

MR. THOMAS CAVENDISH

Fitted out an Expedition to attack the Spaniards in the South

Sea, passed the Strait of Magelhaens, and after various Suc-

cesses followed Drake's Track round the Cape of Good Hope,

and arrived in safety-Fitted out a second Expedition, which

failed, quarrelled with his People, and died at Sea of a broken

heart

. . . . . . . . 162

SIR RICHARD HAWKINS,

Son of Sir John, and brought up to the Sea, commanded the

Swallow in the Defeat of the Armada ; undertook a Voyage

through the Strait of Magelhaens into the South Sea; fought

a Squadron of Spanish Ships of War of greatly superior Force,

was wounded and surrendered on Capitulation. . 182

LORD CHARLES HOWARD OF EFFINGHAM,

THE LORD HIGH ADMIRAL,

Was appointed to this high Office in 1585-Commenced his

arrangements in 1587 for attacking the expected Spanish

Armada-Writes a series of Letters to Sir Francis Walsing-

ham, extracted from MSS. in State Paper Office-Arrival and

Defeat of the Armada-Spanish MS. Narrative of the Pro-

ceedings of the Armada-Expedition against Cadiz-Receives

the honour of an Earldom-Comes de Nottingham- Melan-

choly State of the Seamen-Illness of the Queen and Death-

Nottingham continues Lord High Admiral under James Is

sent Ambassador to Spain - Buckingham made Lord High

Admiral-Death of Nottingham-His Character

199

CAPTAIN THOMAS FENNER.

His extensive Services, but always as a subordinate Officer-

In great favour with Lord Charles Howard-Commands a

Ship of War in the Armada-With Drake to Cadiz—also to

Portugal and also in other Expeditions . . . . 316

THE EARL OF ESSEX.

His early Promotion—Gallant Conduct in the Low Countries,

A great Favourite of the Queen-Joins Drake and Norris in

the Portugal Expedition-Offends the Queen-Is joined with

the Lord High Admiral on the Cadiz Expedition—Is sole

Commander on the Azores Expedition-Cool reception from

the Queen-Disappointed, but pacified on being made Grand

Marshal of England-Receives a Blow from the Queen-

Resents it with great Indignation-Is appointed to Ireland,

and miscarries - Returns without leave — Charges brought

against him— By his injudicious Friends is incited to Rebellion

-Tried, convicted, condemned, and executed— Trial and con-

viction of the Conspirators -Character of Essex . 333

SIR WALTER RALEIGH.

His Family Connexions—Early Adventures—Variously employed

in Ireland–His fortunate gallantry-Receives Knighthood —

His Shore Appointments at the Time of the Armada-Intrigues

with a Maid of Honour-Called home from an Expedition in

consequence – Projects a Voyage to Guiana, which fails—

Joins the Expedition to Cadiz-also that to the Azores under

Essex-Intrigues with Cecil against Lord Essex— Is sent to

the Tower-Tried and sentenced to death-Remains in Prison

Twelve Years-Liberated on undertaking another Voyage to

the Mines of Guiana ; but not pardoned—Fails, and his Son

is killed-Abuses his Captain, Keymis, who shoots himself-

On arriving at Plymouth is seized and sent to Prison—The

King signs a Warrant for his execution—Is beheaded : 377

LORD THOMAS HOWARD, EARL OF SUFFOLK.

Released from the attainder-Serves against the Armada-Sent

to the Azores with a Squadron— Attacked by a Spanish Fleet
- Brave conduct of Sir Richard Greenvil-Engaged in the
Capture of. Cadiz-Second to Essex at the Azores-Com-

mands a Fleet in the Downs-Raised by James to the rank

of Privy Councillor, made Lord Chamberlain, and promoted

to the Earldom of Suffolk--Chancellor of the University of

Cambridge-as such entertains the King—Made Lord Trea-

surer-Charged with taking Bribes—Removed, and brought

before the Star Chamber-Committed to the Tower-Ordered

by the King to prevail on his Sons to resign their Appoint-

ments-Remonstrates by Letter-King refuses, and compels

them to resign-Restores them . . . . 419

GEORGE CLIFFORD, EARL OF CUMBERLAND.

Volunteers to go and assist against the Duke of Parma-Be-

comes a Favourite at Court—Fits out several Ships at different

Times against the Spaniards—Made Ten Voyages in Twelve

Years—Details of these Ten Expeditions-Appointed Her

Majesty's Knight in the Exercise of Arms—Character of the

Earl--His Countess and Family . . . . 440

SIR WILLIAM MONSON.

Enters the Navy as a Common Sailor-Joins the Fleet against

the Armada--Serves under the Earl of Cumberland— Taken

by Galleys and imprisoned—Goes again with Earl of Cum-

berland-Employed in the Capture of Cadiz— With Essex in

the Azores— With Lord Thomas Howard in the Downs-

Joined with Sir R. Lewson-Successful Attack on Carrack

and Galleys in the Harbour of Secimbria—Continues his

Services under James-Dies . . . . . 467

CAPTAIN JAMES LANCASTER,

Joined with Raymond, projects a Voyage to the East Indies-

Refresh at Saldanha Bay-Double the Cape—Raymond's Ship
founders at Sea-Great Distress in Lancaster's Ship—He is
left behind-Gets home in a French vessel—Is invited to take
command of a small Squadron to make Reprisals against the