QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION.

(These questions cover the principal topics of the history. It is believed that the headings of the paragraphs will be found to answer all the purpose of questions for ordinary recitations.)

*1. When and where was Columbus born? What was the earth then supposed to be? What countries were then laid down on the maps ?

2. What was the Atlantic called? Why? Who were the Northmen?

3. What discoveries did the Northmen make in 850? In 1000? Is it known where Vinland was? Did the discovery of America by the Northmen have any result? Why not?

4. Did Columbus learn anything of America from the Icelanders? What country did Columbus wish to reach?

5. What can you say of Marco Polo ?. What was the first motive of Columbus? 6. What was his second motive? How was trade with the Indies then carried on?

7. What change in trade with India occurred in 1453? What did the Portuguese attempt to do? What did Diaz accomplish?

8. What was the plan of Columbus? State his three reasons.

9. What mistake did he make? From whom did Columbus seek help? How did the council regard his proposed voyage?

10. What help did he finally receive? When did he sail?

II. What route did he take?

How was he equipped for the voyage?

12. What conviction did he have?

13. What is said of the voyage? Variation of the needle? Feeling of the crew? When and why did Columbus change his course?

14. When and where did he land?

15. What did Columbus believe this land to be? What did he call the natives? Why?

What about his letter?

16. When did Columbus return to Spain? 17. How did the Pope divide the world? Was Spain satisfied with the discoveries of Columbus ? Where and how did he die?

18-19. Who discovered the continent of North America? Where? When? 20-21. How did America get its name?

21-23. What was it thought to be? Who first discovered it to be an independent continent?

23. What was the great merit of Columbus?

24-25. What did Ponce de Leon discover? Why did he name the land Florida? 25-26. When and where did Balboa discover the Pacific? When did Cortez land in Mexico?

27. What exploration did Cartier make?

What did Cabeza de Vaca discover?

28-29. Describe De Soto's expedition. What great river did he discover?

30. Where was he buried? Who were the Huguenots? Where did they attempt to settle?

31-32. What did Menendez do? What is said of St. Augustine? What of De Gourgues?

33. What did Frobisher and Davis try to do? What were the results?

34. Describe Gilbert's voyages; Drake's voyage. What country did he call

New Albion ?

35. What expedition did Raleigh send out, and with what result?

*The figures refer to pages.

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35-36. When did he send out his first colony to Virginia? What new root and new weed did the colonists discover?

37. What happened to his second colony?

38-39. What white settlers did this country have in 1600? What was America found to be? How is America superior to Europe?

the totem?

39-46. What can you say about the Indians? Their appearance? Mode of life? What was their most ingenious work? How were they governed? What was wampum used for? How was the Indian bound by customs? What was What was the Indian's religion? What about his self-control, his torturing captives, his respect for courage? What about the Indian and the White Man? What did the Whites learn from the Indians? What influence did the Indians have on the early history of the country?

46-48. What effects did the discovery of America have on Europe in regard to geographical knowledge, enterprise, precious metals, commerce, new products, sugar, cotton, rice, and coffee? what effect on men's minds?

49-51. Describe Gosnold's expedition. Did England need America? Why? What is said of the London and the Plymouth Companies? What is a Charter ? 51-55. When did the first colony sail? Of what did the colony consist? Where did the colonists settle? Did they own any land? Could they vote? Did they own what they raised? How did they get on the first summer? What about Pocahontas? What happened in the summer of 1608? What did the colonists resolve to do? Why did they go back?

55-56. What did Governor Dale do? What did he give the settlers? 56-57. What effect did the raising of tobacco have?

58-60. What met in Jamestown in 1619? When did negro slavery begin in America? What about white apprentices?

Who had now settled in the North? When did Virginia become a royal province? What about Sir William Berkeley?

61-65. Who were the Puritans? The Cavaliers? What famous men in Virginia descended from the Cavaliers? What were the Navigation Laws? Who was Nathaniel Bacon, and what did he do?

65-72. Describe Hudson's expedition. Who took possession of the country? What did they name it? What is said of Fort Orange? What of Peter Minuit ? Who were the Patroons? What can you say of Peter Stuyvesant? Who claimed the country? What happened in 1664?

72-74. Who first claimed New Jersey? How did it get the name of New Jersey ? What about the Friends, or Quakers?

74-76. What about religious liberty in England in 1607? Who were the Separatists? To what country did they first go? Why did the Separatists or Pilgrims come to America in 1620 ?

77-80. Describe the sailing of the Mayflower. What land did the colonists first see? What did they do there? Where did they finally land? How were public matters settled and the laws made? What about Governor Bradford and the Indians? Of what did Plymouth colony finally become part?

80-87. Where did Endicott plant a colony? When did Winthrop come, and where did he finally settle? What is said of the emigrants who came in the next ten years? How was Massachusetts governed? Who could vote? What did the people do for a living? Who was Roger Williams? Why did he leave Massachusetts? What about Mrs. Hutchinson ? How did Williams influence the Narragansett Indians? What is said of public schools, of Harvard College, of John Eliot ?

87-91. What was the object of the New England Confederacy? What about the coming of the Friends, or Quakers? What did the Puritans do to the Friends? What did the king do?

91-93. Describe King Philip's War.

What about the Salem witchcraft? When

did Massachusetts become a royal province? What is said of Andros ? What of the new Charter ?

94-96. Where and by whom was New Hampshire first settled? Why was it so named? What of Exeter? Of Londonderry?

96-101. Describe the first settlements in Connecticut. What about the Pequot War? What about the Connecticut Constitution? What about the New Haven colony? What of the Regicides, of Andros and the Charter?

102-105. Who were the Catholic Pilgrims? Where did they settle? What was the first English Catholic church in America? Who made the laws of the colony? How about religious freedom? What is said of the Clayborne and Ingle rebellion? What was done in regard to Catholic worship in Maryland ? What happened when Lord Baltimore got his rights again? What was done when the king took possession? What is said of Mason and Dixon's line?

106-109. What did Roger Williams do in 1636? Why did he name the place Providence? What is said of religious liberty in the colony? What other settlements were made in Rhode Island? What is said of the Charter?

109-111. Who first settled Delaware? Where? What happened to the colony? What was the first state to enter the Union?

III-115. How did the name Carolina originate? Where was the first settlement made? What is said of Charleston? What about the Huguenots? What was the "Grand Model"? When was the province divided into North and South Carolina? What is said of rice? Of indigo? Of Charleston in 1773 ?

116-120. Why did Charles II. give William Penn a large tract of land? What did the king name it? What did Penn intend to do in America? Where was the first settlement made? What is said of the "Great Law"? Of the Great Treaty? Of Philadelphia ?

120-124. Why did General Oglethorpe wish to establish a colony in America? Why was the province named Georgia? Where did the colonists settle? What about silk culture? Did the colonists have much freedom? When did Georgia become a royal province?

124-128. Who first explored the West? Describe Joliet and Marquette's expedition. What did La Salle do? Who founded Mobile ? Who New Orleans? How much of the country did the English hold? What had France got posses

sion of? What did France mean to do? What forts did the French build? 129-139. When did war with the French begin? When did it end? How many wars are usually mentioned? Did the Indians take any part? What can you say of Louisburg? What of the great line of French forts? What of the Ohio Company? What message did the governor of Virginia send to_the French? What results did the journey have? What is said of the Albany Convention ? What of Braddock's expedition? What of William Pitt? How did the name Pittsburgh originate? What is said of the fall of Quebec? What did the French and Indian War settle ?

139-148. What was the population of the thirteen colonies in 1763? What about foreign trade? Did all the colonies have the same form of government ? How did the farmers live? What is said of the life in cities and on plantations? What about travel, letters, hospitality, laws? What of education, of books? What did Edwards write? What did Franklin? What about Franklin and electricity?

149-165. What is said of George III.? How did he interfere with American commerce? What happened in Boston? Why did the king propose to tax the colonists? Why did they object? What about the Stamp Act? What of the Declaratory Act? The Boston Massacre? The New Taxes? What about the "Boston Tea Party"? What did Parliament do? What did Massachusetts do? Describe the British expedition to Lexington and Concord. How did it end? Describe the taking of Ticonderoga and Crown Point. Who was appointed commander of the Continental Army? What is said of Bunker Hill and the battle? When and where did Washington take command of the army? Describe the expedition against Quebec. How did Washington drive the British out of Boston? What about Fort Moultrie? What is said of "Common Sense"? Did the Americans seek to separate from Great Britain? What is said of the Declaration of Independence?

166-176. What did the British hope to do in New York? What is said of Washington? Describe the battle of Long Island. In what direction did Wash

QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION.

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ington retreat? What is said of Fort Washington? Of Lee? Describe Washington's retreat across New Jersey. The victory of Trenton. What did Robert Morris do for Washington? How did Washington outwit Cornwallis? What is said of Burgoyne's expedition? Describe the battle of Bennington. Describe Howe's expedition to Pennsylvania. What is said of the Saratoga battles? What did France do. What help did Franklin render?

176-185. What was the condition of Washington's army at Valley Forge? What did England offer in the spring of 1778? What is said of the battle of Monmouth? Of Lee? What did the British do next? Why? Speak of Savannah; of Wayne's victory; of Paul Jones. What of Charleston?" What of Marion and Sumter? What of battle of Camden? Of King's Mountain? Speak of Arnold's treason; and of the winter at Morristown. What is said of General Greene? Of Cowpens? Of Guilford Court-House? What did Cornwallis resolve to do? What is said of Greene's victories in South Carolina ? Describe the "Crowning Victory of War." How did the news affect Lord North ? Give summary of the Revolution.

185-190. What of George III.'s speech? When was peace made? What was the condition of United States? How about money? About trade between the states? What is said of Shays' Rebellion? What of the Northwest Territory? When and where did the Convention meet to make a new Constitution? What did they accomplish? What is said of Alexander Hamilton? What four things did the Constitution accomplish? Give summary of the period.

191-199. What is said of political parties? Of the election of Washington ? Of his inauguration? Whom did Washington choose for his cabinet? How did the government raise money? What did Hamilton do with a large part of this money? What did the government do in 1790, 1791, and 1792? What is said of "Citizen" Genet? What of emigration to the West? What great invention was made in 1793? What came of it? Speak of the Whiskey Rebellion; of Jay's Treaty.

199-201. What is said of France? Of the "X. Y. Z." Papers? What were the Alien and the Sedition Laws? What illustrious man died in 1799?

201-209. Of what party was President Jefferson? Where was he inaugurated? What was thought of the probable extent of the Republic? Why? What about the war with Tripoli? What great territory did Jefferson purchase? What advantage did it secure us? Describe Lewis and Clarke's expedition. What about the French and English war? What was the Embargo Act? What effect did it have? What was the Non-Intercourse Act? What results did it have? What is said of Aaron Burr? What about "Fulton's Folly"? What of the Savannah? What did Congress do in 1807? What did Jefferson say of slavery? 210-219. What is said of Madison's attempt to re-open trade with Great Britain ? What of Napoleon? Speak of Tecumseh's conspiracy; of the Henry letters. What caused the War of 1812? Speak of General Hull; of the Constitution and the Guerrière; of Perry's victory; of Jackson's. What is said of Chippewa and of Lundy's Lane? What of the British capture of Washington? Describe Macdonough's victory. What is said of Fort McHenry? What of Jackson at New Orleans? What results did the war have?

220-229. What is said of Monroe? What of his journey through the North? What was the Seminole War? What did Spain do with Florida? What great question now came up? What change of feeling had occurred? How did slavery divide the country? How did the North and South feel about the extension of slavery? What was the Missouri Compromise? What about the National Road? What is the Monroe Doctrine? Speak of the visit of Lafayette.

229-234. Describe the building of the Erie Canal and its results. What about "Steam-Wagons"? What was the first railroad opened in the United States ? Of what did railroads convince people? What is said about Drinking Habits and the Temperance Cause?

234-246. Who was the first President from the West? What mistake did he make? How would Jackson act now? What is said of Garrison? What did Channing say? What happened in Virginia? What was done at the North?

What about Abolition Societies? What petitions were sent to Congress? What was the result? Why did the President put an end to the United States Bank? Why did South Carolina resist the duty on imported goods? What was Nullification? What debt do we owe Daniel Webster? What did the President do? Speak of the growth of the country. What about coal? What of the Express System? What of Chicago? Who were our first painters? Our first writers ? What appeared in 1833 ?

247-251. What is said of the panic of 1837? What did the government establish? What can you say of the Mormons? Where did they finally go? What happened in 1840? What is said of Emigrants?

252-256. What was Harrison called? How long did he live after he became President? What is said about Tyler? What of the Dorr Rebellion, the Ashburton Treaty, the Anti-renters ? What about the Electric Telegraph? Who discovered that ether would control pain? What country did we annex in 1845 ?

256-265. What is said of Oregon? What of Dr. Whitman? How did we finally get Oregon? Why did the Mexican War break out? What battles can you mention? What countries did we conquer? What is said of General Scott? What important city did he take? What was there remarkable about the war? What two results did it have? What is said of the discovery of gold in California? What results did it have?

265-269. What is said about slavery? What were Clay's plans of compromise? What important law was passed, and what were its results? What can you say of "Uncle Tom's Cabin"? of Sumner and Davis?

"

270-275. What did the "Crystal Palace exhibition of 1853 prove? Who opened the ports of Japan? What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? What happened in Kansas? How did Kansas enter the Union at last?

275-284. What was the Dred Scott case? What was Judge Taney's decision? How did the North feel about it? What can you say of the panic of 1857? What was discovered in Nevada and Colorado? In Pennsylvania? How is much of the oil sent to market? What was John Brown's raid, and how did it end? Who was elected President in 1860 ? What did the people of South Carolina think of the election? What did they do? What did six other Southern States do? Why did the South secede? What did the Confederacy seize? What did President Buchanan try to do? What is said of the growth of the United States between 1789 and 1861? What sad difference was there between 1789 and 1861? What had caused the difference? What must now happen in regard to the Union? 285-299. What did President Lincoln say at his inauguration? What did he intend to do? What is said of Major Anderson? What next happened? What did the President do when he heard of the surrender of Fort Sumter? What states now seceded? How many did that make in all? Name them. To what place was the Confederate capital now removed? What did General Butler do with fugitive slaves? What was the condition of the North with respect to the war? of the South? Speak of the number and position of the two armies. What is said of the battle of Bull Run? How did "Stonewall" Jackson get his name? What results did the defeat at Bull Run have? What was the Union plan of the war? What about the Confederate war-vessels? What of Mason and Slidell ? What can you say of the Merrimac? What of the Monitor? What about the war in the West? What did General Grant write to General Buckner? What is said of the battle of Pittsburg Landing? Of Island No. 10? What was the general result of the first year of the war?

299-305. Describe the expedition against New Orleans. What was the result? What is said of Port Hudson and Vicksburg? What did McClellan do? What was the result of the Peninsular Campaign? What about the second battle of Bull Run? Describe Lee's advance. What happened at Antietam? What is said of the battle of Fredericksburg? Of Murfreesboro? What did the President do on New Year's Day, 1863? What has been the result? What was the North fighting for before the Proclamation? What afterwards?

306-311. What is said of the battle of Chancellorsville? What of Gettysburg? Who made a famous charge at Gettysburg? Can you describe it? What was