Pleurotoma (Drillia) Prattii.

Testa fusiformis, turrita, dilute fulva; anfract. 10, superne excavati, medio rotundate angulati, costis obliquis rotundis (in anfr. ult. 9 ad peripheriam sensim desinentibus) instructi, ubique spiraliter exiliter striati, sutura leviter marginata; anfr. ultimus magnus, post labrum valde tuberose incrassatus, striis spiralibus magis profundis incrementique lineis ornatus; apertura angustiuscula, carnea, longitudinis totius fere æquans; sinus magnus, latus, prope suturam situs; canalis leviter obliquus et recurvus; columella tuberculo calloso parvo superne munita.

Long. 27 mill., diam. 8.

The few rounded oblique ribs, which do not extend to the suture above, and the uniform bright reddish brown or fulvous colour are the characters which chiefly distinguish this species.

Pleurotoma (Drillia) excavata.

Testa fusiformis, turrita, lutescens; anfr. 9, primi 2 læves, cæteri superne valde oblique excavati, medio obtuse angulati, longitudinaliter costati, costis ad excavationem finitis (in anfr. ultimo 14 infra medium desinentibus), liris spiralibus (iis in excavatione exilioribus quam inferiores) supra costas incrassatis cincti; apertura longit., totius ad æquans; sinus mediocriter profundus, proxime ad suturam situs; canalis paululum elongatus, recurvus; columella rectiuscula, callo tenui amicta.

The ribs do not extend into the excavation or concave depression at the upper part of the whorl; and the five or six lirations encircling it are finer than those below it.

Pleurotoma (Drillia) concolor.

Testa elongata, fusiformis, turrita, rubido-fusca (interdum purpureo-fusca); anfract. 13, primi 2 convexi, læves, cæteri superne concavi, medio angulati, costis longitudinalibus supra versus suturas obsoletis (in anfr. ultimo circiter 11 basi obsoletis) instructi, et in anfractuum dimidium inferius liris elevatis spiralibus 3 (in anfract. ult. ad 6) supra costas nodulosis clathrati, ubique striis spiralibus gracillimis incrementique lineis flexuosis ornati; sutura undulata, aliquanto incrassata; apertura angusta, longitudinis testæ ad æquans; labrum tenue, margine crenulatum, intus læve, superne paululum infra suturam late profundeque incisum; columella subrecta, callo tenui induta, tuberculo parvo juxta suturam munita; canalis latiusculus, leviter recurvus. Long. 43 mill., diam. 11.

Hab. Moluccas and China.

This species is of uniform reddish or purplish brown; the upper half of the whorls is concave and devoid of spiral lirations, which exist only on the lower portion.

Pleurotoma (Drillia) digna.

Testa ovato-fusiformis, sub epidermide tenui flavo-olivacea cæruleocinerea; anfractus 9, leviter convexi, costis obliquis superne nodosis 13-14 (in anfr. ultimo versus labrum subobsoletis et prope peripheriam evanidis) instructi; anfr. ultimus sulcis angustis pluribus circa basim insculptus; apertura fusca, albobifasciata, longitudinis totius quam paulo minor; labrum tenue, ad marginem album, superne minime profunde sinuatum; columella versus basim callo albo induta; canalis breviusculus, latus. Long. 26 mill., diam. 9.

Hab. California.

The colour beneath the epidermis of a specimen in good condition is a bluish ash; but in worn examples the upper part of the whorls and the middle of the body-whorl are broadly banded with brown; and these bands are seen in the aperture of all specimens. A slight furrow or depression extends around the whorls a little below the suture, and, traversing the ribs, causes their upper ends to be nodulous. The sinus in the labrum is situated at the termination of this depression.

This species belongs to a group of Pleurotomide which includes several Californian forms, viz. :-P. inermis, Hinds; incisa, Carpenter; penicillata, Cpr.; mosta, Cpr.; aurantia, Cpr.; erosa, Schrenk; and lirata, Á. Adams.

Pleurotoma (Clionella) Bornii.

Testa elongata, subturrita, albida, strigis rufis inter costas ornata, epidermide cornea olivacea induta; anfract. 8? (apice abrupto), planiusculi, paululum infra suturam linea impressa bipartiti, leviterque constricti, longitudinaliter costati, costis interstitia æquantibus, numerosis (in anfr. ultimo ad 18), striis spiralibus exilibus obsolete striati; apertura ovata, longitudinis totius æquans, superne acuminata, basi canali brevissimo leviter recurvo terminata; columella medio leviter arcuata, vix tortuosa; cauda brevis, carina circumdata; labrum tenue, superne paululum infra suturam haud profunde sinuatum.

Long. 40 mill., diam. 12.

Hab. Cape of Good Hope.

This species is closely allied to the well-known P. sinuata, Born. It differs, however, in being covered with a paler epidermis, in having below the suture a raised girdle formed by a depression or constriction around the whorls, and also in the style of coloration.

Pleurotoma (Clionella) Krausii.

Testa turrita, albida, maculis punctulisque purpureo-fuscis præcipue super anfractuum dimidium superius variegata, epidermide tenuissima viridi-olivacea induta; anfract. 9-10, medio excavati, deinde angulati, superne læves, inferne costis subnodosis (in anfr. ultimo ad 12) instructi, striis spiralibus exilibus ubique ornati, sutura undulata marginata discreti; apertura albida, fusco maculata, longitudinis testæ æquans; labrum tenue, paululum infra suturam leviter sinuatum; canalis brevis, obliquus; columella arcuata.

Long. 29 mill., diam. 10.

Hab. Cape of Good Hope.

This species is easily recognized by the short subnodulous ribs, which occupy scarcely the lower half of the whorls, the depression round the middle and the raised band above, and the manner of coloration, the purplish-brown maculations being somewhat flexuous in the depression. Its nearest relation is P. semicostata, Kiener.

Pleurotoma (Clionella) bipartita.

Testa elongate ovato-fusiformis, sub epidermide tenui griseo-olivacea dilute rubescens vel albida, lineis gracillimis confertis dilute fuscis longitudinaliter picta, et strigis obliquis subremotis fuscis infra suturam ornata; anfract. 10, plani, medio sulco spirali bene definito minime profundo sed latiusculo exsculpti, infra sulcum plicis nodosis obliquis (in anfr. ultimo fere obsoletis, in superioribus ad 12) instructi; anfract. ultimus magnus, longitudinis totius æquans, infra peripheriam striis spiralibus paucis circiter 7-8 cinctus; apertura intus dilute purpureo-carnea, longitudine testæ æquans, basi late canaliculata; columella arcuata, superne callo nodulosa, parvo, munita; labrum tenue, ad sulcum aliquanto profunde scissum.

Long. 34 mill., diam. 12.

Var. Testa anfr. ultimi costis obliquis haud obsoletis sed ad peripheriam desinentibus.

Hab. South Africa, Port Elizabeth.

This very distinct form is peculiar for the manner in which the whorls are divided into three parts. Below the suture exists a raised band, whitish, streaked obliquely with brown; below this runs a shallow furrow nearly as broad as the fillet; and again below the sulcus are oblique subnodulous ribs which occupy nearly half the whorl, these ribs disappearing almost entirely in the body-whorl.

Pleurotoma (Clionella) subventricosa.

Testa ovato-fusiformis, carneo-albida, zona lata irregulari circa anfractuum partem inferiorem ornata; anfract. 8, convexiusculi,

superne paululum infra suturam sulco angusto leviter constricti, infra sulcum costis subrotundatis (in anfr. ultimo flexuosis inferne desinentibus circiter 14) instructi, striis spiralibus remotis paucis (in anfr. ult. ad 12) insculpti; anfr. ultimus subventricosus, testæ æquans; apertura intus fuscescens, basi oblique lateque canaliculata, longitudinis totius æquans; labrum tenue, superne ad sulcum leviter sinuatum; columella medio arcuata, basi obliqua. Long. 26 mill., diam. 10.

Hab. South Africa.

This shell, although without a locality attached, in all probability inhabits the Cape of Good Hope, having with some species from there such a general resemblance as to warrant the supposition; the brown band occupies about half the whorls, not quite reaching the upper ends of the ribs.

Pleurotoma (Clionella) platystoma.

Testa elongata, turrita, flavescens (interdum pallide roseo-fusca), superne juxta suturam et mediane inter nodulos dilute fusco notata; anfract. 7, primi 2 convexi, papillares, læves, cæteri superne ad suturam margine incrassato leviter nodoso, deinde concavi, medio angulati, infra angulum plani, circa medium nodulorum parvorum obliquorum (ad 13) serie unica ornati, spiraliter striati, striis subdistantibus 10-12, in anfr. ultimo circiter 24, incrementi lineis obliquis striati; apertura lata, subquadrata, longitudinis testæ totius fere æquans; sinus latus, mediocriter profundus; columella callo tenui induta; canalis apertus, brevis

simus.

Long. 13 mill., diam. 5.

Hab. Cape of Good Hope.

The two apical whorls are remarkably large. The faint nodules at the top of the whorls and the more distinct ones around the middle have faint dots of brown between them; and the spiral striæ are interrupted by them.

L.-On Rupertia stabilis, a new Sessile Foraminifer from the North Atlantic. By G. C. WALLICH, M.D., SurgeonMajor Retired List, H.M. Indian Army.

[Plate XX.]

IT will, I think, be conceded that a special degree of interest attaches to the Foraminifer about to be described, when I state that it not only represents a well-marked new genus, but is one of the very few forms as yet discovered whose peculiarities of structure point to their being sessile inhabitants of the bed of the ocean.

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 4. Vol. xix.

34

The specimens were obtained by me in 1860, in three soundings taken on board H.M.S.' Bulldog,' on opposite sides of the southern extremity of Greenland-the depth in the three localities varying from 108 fathoms on the east coast, to 1205 fathoms on the west. In each locality the number of specimens was considerable, and the condition of the shells such as to indicate their perfect freshness at the time they were brought up from the bottom. Partly owing, however, to the impossibility of carrying on microscopic work during such tempestuous weather as prevailed whilst the Bulldog' cruised in those latitudes, and partly to my having been deceived by the resemblance observable in the outline of the neck and margin of the disk of the new form to a monstrously developed species of Uvigerina, it did not receive the attention it deserved, but remained stored away in my collection until 1874, when, on re-examining my North-Atlantic materials, I at once perceived that it was both specifically and generically new.

Nevertheless, fully recognizing in the daily increasing distaste for the undue multiplication of types one of the most salutary results of modern biological teaching, and feeling disinclined to rely too far on my own opinion, I made up my mind to defer sending forth any observations on the subject until that opinion should be confirmed and strengthened by some thoroughly experienced and trustworthy authority on the Foraminifera. Under these circumstances I submitted my specimens, figures, and brief memoranda, to my able and obliging friends Professors Rupert Jones and Parker. Their report, which reached me a few days ago together with my embodied memoranda, I now, with their permission, publish.

I have named the new form after Prof. Rupert Jones, Rupertia stabilis, in recognition of the obligation he has laid me under, not only on this but on former occasions when I have sought his counsel on questions relating to the Foraminifera.

Rupertia stabilis, Wall. (See Pl. XX.)

"A chambered hyaline Foraminifer of the Rotaline group, subpyriform, with an irregular lumpy outline, like some of the asymmetrical Puffballs, and somewhat resembling an inverted Ascidia mamillata. The shell is fixed by a relatively large basal disk, and raised on a thick cylindrical neck or pedestal, usually straight, but sometimes slightly curved, from which several spacious chambers swell upwards and outwards, with an imperfect spiral arrangement, resulting in the often topheavy, lopsided, and asymmetrical outline of the full-grown shell. Young individuals are simply subglobular and pedunculated." (The disk, from the earliest stage of the shell,