how many lessons are there in this book? Than twenty-five? are there More why did You Not Arrive sooner? were you necessarily Detained? daughter of faith Awake! Arise! Illume the Dread Unknown, The chaos of The tomb. the lord My pasture Shall Prepare father of all in Every Age, in Every Clime Adored, by Saint, by savage and By sage, thou great first cause, least understood, to Know But This, That thou Art good yet Gavest me In this Dark Estate, &c. the language of Many of the european nations was derived From the Ancient latin. The english and french Fleets had a Severe Engagement. i saw the dutch Ambassador in the Carriage of the spanish consul. Always remember this Ancient maxim Spoken by the greek philosopher" Know thyself." The christian lawgiver Says "take up Thy Cross Daily and follow me." solomon observes, that "Pride goes Before Destruction." johnson's dictionary has long been the standard of english orthography; but the work of doctor webster seems in a Fair way to Supplant It. have you read rollin's ancient history. thompson's seasons and cowper's task contain many Poetical Beauties. i hope You will be able to Read Correctly All that i have Written. RULES OF ORTHOGRAPHY. 31. Spelling is the proper division of words into syllables; and the expression of those syllables by proper letters. [In spelling words, the pupil will be careful to pronounce each syllable separately as he spells it, and then each preceding syllable with it. Thus in spelling the word orthography he should proceed as follows: Oror,-thog thog, orthog,-r a ra, orthogra,-phy phy, orthography.] GENERAL RULES FOR DIVIDING WORDS INTO SYLLABLES. 32. A single consonant between two vowels, must be joined to the latter syllable; as in the word delight, the single consonant / stands between the vowels e and i; it must therefore be pronounced with the latter syllable light, and the word is de-light and not del-ight. [Exceptions. This rule does not apply to compound words, as, up-on, dis-ease, &c; nor to the letter x, as ex-ist; because that letter is not properly a single consonant, but a representative for cs, ks, or gz.] 33. Two consonants proper to begin a word must not be separated; thus in the word fable, as the letters bl are such as may begin a word, they must both be pronounced with the latter syllable, thus fa-ble. But when two consonants which cannot begin a word come between two vowels, the consonants must be divided. Thus in the word utmost, as the two consonants tm, cannot begin a word they must be separated, thus: ut-most, un-der, in-sect, er-ror. 34. Three consonants proper to begin a word, following a vowel having the long sound, must not be separated,-but if the vowel have the short sound, one of the consonants must be pronounced with the vowel. Thus in the word restrain, the three consonants str following the long e, must be pronounced together, as re-strain: But in the word distrain, as the same consonants str follow a short i, the s must be pronounced with the i, thus, dis-train. 35. When three or four consonants, which are not proper to begin a syllable, meet between two vowels, those which can begin a syllable belong to the latter, the rest to the former syllable; as ab-stain, com-plete, em-broil, dan-dler, dap-ple, con-strain, hand-some, parch-ment. 36. Two vowels, not forming a diphthong must be divided into separate syllables; as cru-el, deni-al, soci-ety. 37. Compound words must be traced into the simple words of which they are composed; as ice-house, glow-worm, overpower, never-the-less. 38. Grammatical and other particular terminations are generally separated; as teach-est, teach-eth, teach-er, teach-ing, good-ness, free-dom, false-hood, &c. Exercise on the preceding Rules. The pupil will divide the following words into syllables. Instructive, inductive, derivative, delight, delicacy, redolent, relative, sober, dethrone, basis, ability, docility, consternation, termination, complicate, intricate, characteristic, omnivorous, inoculate, opulent, transgress, confine, acceptable, impropriety, apprenticeship, explicative. GENERAL RULES FOR SPELLING WORDS. 39. Words of one syllable, ending with f, l or s, preceded by a single vowel, double the final consonant; as staff, mill, pass, kiss. The only exceptions are of, if, as, is, has, was, yes, his, this, thus, and us. 40. Words of one syllable ending with any consonant but f, l, or s, and preceded by a single vowel, never double the final consonant: excepting add, ebb, butt, egg, odd, err, inn, bunn, puss and buzz. 41. In the changes made in words ending with y, the y must be changed into i unless there be a vowel before it; as fly, flies, fliest; happy, happier, happiest. In the participle ending in ing, the y is not changed; as fly, flying, carry, carrying, &c. In the imperfect and perfect participle of such words as lay, pay, say, and their compounds, the y is changed into i, although there is a vowel before it. As lay, laid, pay, paid, say, said, unlaid, unpaid, unsaid, &c. When a syllable is added, the y preceded by a consonant, is generally changed into i; but when preceded by a vowel, the y is very rarely changed. [The pupil will now apply the rules contained in numbers 39, 40 and 41, in correcting the errors in spelling, in the following sentences.] It is no great merit to spel properly; but every pupil wil find it hiss interest to observe thiss rule. By acting thuss he displeased hiss teacher. Jacob worshipped his Creator, leaning on the topp off hiss staff. We should not place too much stress upon dreams. The gros weight off the carriage wass four hundred poundss. A carr iss a chariot of warr. In the names of druggs and plants the mistake in a word may endanger life. The humm of bees. The finn of a fish. Many a trapp is laid to ensnare the feet of youth. Many families are supported by the making of matts. We should subject our fancys to the government of reason. Thou wearyest thyself in vain. Peter denyed his master. The good are happier than the badd. Be not dismaiyed by poverty, affliction, nor death. The destroiers of their own peace. The comelyness of youth. Calamitys fal heavily upon the envious and evill minded. Those children are plaiful; by their conduct their character is portraied. John hass payed hiss debts. 42. Words of one syllable and others accented on the last syllable, ending with a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, double that consonant when they take another syllable beginning with a vowel. As wit, witty, abet, abettor, begin, beginner. If a diphthong precedes or the accent is on the preceding syllable, the consonant remains single; as toil, toiling, offer, offering, maid, maiden. Correct the following errors. The court annuled the law. By defering repentence we accumulate sorrows. He was not permited to ask any questions. We all have many faillings. We may be visitted by afflictions. The Christian Lawgiver has prohibitted many things which the heathen philosophers allowed. 43. Words ending with any double letter but 7, and taking ness, less, ly or ful after them, preserve the letter double, as harmless harmlessness, careless carelessly, stiff stiffly, success successful, distress distressful. But those words which end with double l, and take ness, less, ly or ful after them, generally omit one l; as full fulness, skill skilful, full fully. Correct the following errors. Restlesness of mind disqualifies us for the enjoyment of peace. The arrows of calumny fal harmlesly at the feet of virtue. The road to the blisful regions is as open to the peasant as to the king. A chillness or shivering of the body generally precedes a fever. Our lights should not shine dullly. Willful carelesness should be reproved. 44. Ness, less, ly and ful added to words ending with silent e, do not cut it off. As pale paleness, guilt guiltless, close closely, peace peaceful; except in a few words; as due duly, true truly, awe awful. Ment, added to words ending with silent e, generally preserves the e. As abatement, chastisement, incitement, &c. The words judgment, abridgment, acknowledgment are deviations from this rule. 45. Able and ible when incorporated into words ending with silent e, almost always cut it off; as blame blamable, cure curable, sense, sensible, &c. But if c org soft, come before e in the original word, the e is then preserved in words compounded with able; as change changeable, peace peaceable, &c. 48. When ing or ish is added to words ending with silent e, the e is almost always omitted; as place placing, lodge lodging, slave slavish, prude prudish. Correct the following errors. The warmth of disputation, destroys that sedatness of mind which is necessary to discover truth. All these with ceasless praise his works behold, Both day and night. In all our reasonings, our minds should be sincerly employed in the pursuit of truth. Rude behaviour, and indecent language, are peculiarly disgracful to youth of education. The true worship of God is an important and aweful service. Wisdom alone is truely fair: folly only appears so. Every person and thing connected with self, is apt to appear good and desireable in our eyes. Errors and misconduct are more excuseable in ignorant, than in well-instructed persons. The divine laws are not reverseible by those of men. Gratitude is a forceible and active principle in good and generous minds. Our natural and involuntary defects of body, are not chargable upon us. We are made to be servicable to others, as well as to ourselves. Like other terminations it changes y into i, when preceded by a consonant; as, accompany, accompaniment; merry, merri ment. |