ARTICLE XIV.1- Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, representatives in Congress, the executive or judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State. Section 3. No person shall be a senator or representative in Congress, or elector of President or Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who having previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void. Section 5. Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. ARTICLE XV.2-Section 1. The rights of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any State, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. 1 Adopted 1868. The object of sections 1 and 2 was to make the freedmen (negroes), emancipated during the Civil War, citizens of the United States. Adopted 1870. Its object was to give the freedmen (negroes) the right to vote. TABLE OF STATES AND TERRITORIES. APPENDIX. St. Mary's. 1634 8 South Carolina. In honor of Charles II.; derived from Carolus, the Latin for 1788 English. 11,124 319,728 1,042,390 Old Charleston? 1670? 34,000 249,073 1,151,149 Charles. 9 New Hamp- Named by Sir Ferdinand Gorges, 1788 English. Dover? 1627? 9,280 141,899 376,530 *The most recent authorities (see King's "History of Ohio" in The Commonwealth Series, and the article "Ohio" in the Encyclopædia Britannica) give the date of 1803 instead of 1802, the date usually given heretofore. Total population in 1790, 3.929,214. 60,705 Total population, including territories, in 1880, 50,189,200; in 1890, 62,622,250. Six territories: (1) New Mexico, (2) Utah, (3) Arizona, (4) Alaska, (5) Indian Territory, (6) Oklahoma; the District of Columbia. The indicates conflict of authorities or lack of positive information. NOTE.-Authorities disagree on a number of the dates and place of settlement of states. The areas of states are taken from the last edition of Lippincott's Gazetteer, page 2267. The total area, according to Lippincott, of the United States, including Alaska (577,390), Wyoming (97,833), New Mexico (121,201), Utah (84,476), Arizona (113,916), Idaho (86,294), Indian Territory (68,991), and the District of Columbia (60) is 3,580,242 square miles. "This area," says Lippincott, "is to some extent conjectural, and the figures of different authorities vary somewhat.' The latest estimate in Chambers' Encyclopædia (New Edition) makes the total area of the United States, with Alaska, 3,602,990 square miles; while Professor Whitney in the Encyclopædia Britannica (New Edition) gives the total area at 3,550,549 square miles. |