ARTICLE XIV.1- Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, representatives in Congress, the executive or judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

Section 3. No person shall be a senator or representative in Congress, or elector of President or Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who having previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability.

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5. Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

ARTICLE XV.2. Section 1. The rights of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any State, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

1 Adopted 1868. The object of sections 1 and 2 was to make the freedmen (negroes), emancipated during the Civil War, citizens of the United States.

2 Adopted 1870. Its object was to give the freedmen (negroes) the right to vote.

In honor of the Duke of York,

who became James II.

In honor of Charles II.; derived
from Carolus, the Latin for
Charles.

BY WHOM
SETTLED.

1787

Swedes.

1787 English.

1787

Dutch.

1788 English. 1788 English.

1788 English.

From the Indian- -The Great
Hills from the Blue Hills near
Boston.

In honor of Queen Henrietta
Maria, wife of Charles I.

In honor of Charles II.; derived
from Carolus, the Latin for
Charles.

Named by Sir Ferdinand Gorges, 1788 English.
in remembrance of Hampshire,
England.

In honor of Queen Elizabeth, 1788 English.
the "Virgin Queen."

1788 English.

1788 English.

FIRST SETTLE

MENT.

Christiana, near

Wilmington.
Philadelphia.

Bergen.

Savannah.
Wethersfield
and Windsor?
Plymouth.

Dover?

Jamestown.

DATE OF
SETTLE-

MENT.

Fort Orange
(Albany).
Albemarle?

1733
1635?

1620

SQUARE
MILES.

POPULA-
TION IN
1790.

1638

2,120

50,996

168,493

1683 46,000 434,373 5,258,014 1617 8,320 184,139 1,444,933

St. Mary's.

1634 11,124 319,728 1,042,390 Old Charleston? 1670? 34,000 249,073 1,151,149

1627?

9,280 141,899 376,530

POPULA-
TION IN

1890.

1607

58,000 82,548 1,837,353 4,750 238,431

746,258

7,800 378,717 2,238,943

38,348 748,308 1,655,980 includi'g W. Va.

1622

47,000 340,120

5,997,853

1663? 50,704 393,751 1,617,947

The most recent authorities (see King's "History of Ohio" in The Commonwealth Series, and the article "Ohio" in the Encyclopædia Britannica) give the date of 1803 instead of 1802, the date usually given heretofore.

From the Indian-A weir or
dam of twigs for catching fish.

From the Spanish Pascua Flor-
ida-Flowery Easter, hence Flow-
ery, or Land of Flowers.

Perhaps from an Indian word
meaning Friends.

The French form of an Indian
word applied by the Sioux to the
"Gray-snow Tribe," and meaning
the 66
Drowsy or the "Sleepy
Ones.

""

"

MIS-
SION.

BY WHOM
SETTLED.

1820 English. 1821 French.

From the Indian Kansas (Smoky 1836 French. Water) and the French Arc, a bow.

FIRST SETTLE-
MENT.

1850 Spanish.

Pemaquid.
Fort Orleans

(near Jeffer-
son City).
Little Rock.

From the Indian-Wild or Rush- 1848 French.
ing River (applied to the rapids of
the Wisconsin).

From the Spanish-The name
first occurs in a Spanish work of
fiction (1510); it was there given
to an imaginary island abounding
in gold.

1858 Americans.

Fort Snelling.

From the Indian-Cloudy or
Whitish Water.
River 1859 Americans. Astoria.

Either from the Indian-
of the West, or from the Spanish
-Wild Marjoram, which grows
there in great abundance.

Green Bay.

San Diego.

DATE OF

SETTLE

MENT.

SQUARE
MILES.

1630
1719 65,350

35,000

1690? 52,198

1680? 56,451

1565 59,268

POPULA-
TION IN

1790.

96,540

the Mountains.

From the Indian - Great Plains. 1890 Americans.