PRINCIPAL DATES IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

[The marks the most important dates.]

I. THE PERIOD OF DISCOVERY, 10001507.

The coming of the Northmen, 1000. *Columbus discovers the West Indies (San Salvador), 1492.

Letter of Columbus describing his voyage,

1493.

*The Cabots discover the Continent of North

America, 1497.

Voyages of Amerigo Vespucci to South

America, 1499-1503.

Amerigo Vespucci publishes an account of

his voyages, 1504. *Waldseemüller publishes a geography in which he suggests that the New World be called AMERICA, 1507.

II. ATTEMPTS AT EXPLORING AND COLONIZING NORTH AMERICA, 1509-1587.

Diego Columbus (son of Christopher Columbus), governor of San Domingo, conquers Cuba, 1509.

*Ponce de Leon discovers and names Florida, 1513.

*Balboa discovers the Pacific, 1513.

Cortez conquers Mexico, 1519.

*Magellan's voyage round the globe, 1519

Sir George Popham attempts to make a settlement in Maine, 1607.

1521.

Verrazzano explores the coast of North *The French settle Quebec (first permanent French settlement in America), 1608.

America (?), 1524 (?).

Cabeza de Vaca discovers one of the mouths *Henry Hudson explores the Hudson River, of the Mississippi, 1528.

1609.

Cartier discovers the St. Lawrence and names *John Rolfe begins the cultivation of tobacco Montreal, 1535. at Jamestown, Virginia, 1612.

*The Dutch take possession of New Nether
land (New York), 1614.

*De Soto's expedition (he discovers the main
stream of the Mississippi), 1539-1542.
Huguenot settlement at Port Royal (not per-
manent), 1562.
Huguenot settlement on the St. John's River,
Florida (broken up by the Spaniards), 1564.
*The Spaniards settle St. Augustine, Florida
(the oldest town in the United States), 1565.

*The House of Burgesses (the first law-making assembly in America) meets at Jamestown, 1619.

*Negro slavery is introduced into Virginia, 1619.

*Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, 1620.

PRINCIPAL DATES IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

1693.

The Dutch build Fort Orange (Albany), 1622. | *Cultivation of rice begun in South Carolina, First permanent English settlement made (at Pemaquid Point) in Maine, 1625. *The Dutch purchase Manhattan Island (New York City) of the Indians, 1626.

Settlement of Dover, New Hampshire, 1627. Settlement of Salem, Massachusetts, 1628. *Settlement of Boston, 1630.

*Religious toleration granted in Rhode Island to all persons (whether Christians or not),

1636.

*Harvard College founded, 1636.

Settlement of Portland, Maine, 1632. *Settlement of St. Mary's, Maryland, 1634. *The first English Catholic Church established in America, 1634. *Religious toleration granted in Maryland to all Christians, 1634.

Oglethorpe settles Savannah, Georgia, 1733. Cultivation of indigo begun in South Carolina, 1741.

*Settlements begun in Connecticut (Wethers-
field and Windsor), 1635.

Third war with the French ("King George's
War"), 1744.

*A public school is established in Boston,

1635.

Louisburg taken, 1745.

*Settlement of Providence, Rhode Island, by *Benjamin Franklin discovers that lightning Roger Williams, 1636. and electricity are identical, 1752. Washington sent as a commissioner to the French, 1753.

The Pequot War, 1637.

New Haven, Connecticut, settled, 1638. Delaware settled by the Swedes, 1638. *The Connecticut Constitution (the first written constitution framed by the people in America), 1639.

XXV

The English settle in North Carolina, 1663.
The Regicides come to New England, 1663.
The English seize New Netherland (New

Amsterdam becomes New York City), 1664. The English settle Elizabeth, New Jersey, 1664.

Yale College founded, 1701.

The French establish a colony at Mobile,

The Connecticut and the New Haven colonies united, 1664.

*French exploration of the West begins, 1669. *Settlement of Old Charleston (South Carolina), 1670.

*King Philip's War, 1675.

*Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia, 1676.
*William Penn settles Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania, 1683.

*La Salle explores the Mississippi, 1682.
First war with the French and the Indians
("King William's War "), 1689.
The Salem Witchcraft, 1692.
William and Mary College (Virginia)
founded, 1692.

1701.

Second war with the French and the Indians
("Queen Anne's War"), 1702.

*The Boston News Letter, the first news-
paper published in America, 1704.
New Orleans founded by the French, 1718.
Benjamin Franklin begins his "Poor Rich-
ard's Almanac," 1732.

First printing-press in New England, 1639.
First New England Confederacy, 1643.
Clayborne's Rebellion in Maryland, 1645.

Coming of the Quakers to New England, IV. THE REVOLUTION; THE CONSTI

1656.

TUTION. (1765-1788.)

*Parliament passes the Stamp Act, 1765.
Repeal of the Stamp Act, 1766.
The Declaratory Act, 1766.

Duties laid on glass, paints, paper, and tea,
1767.

British troops sent to Boston, 1768.
The Boston Massacre (March 3), 1770.
Destruction of the Gaspee (June 10), 1772.
All duties repealed except that on tea, 1773.
*The "Boston Tea-Party" (December 16),

The fourth French and Indian War, 1754. *The Albany Convention, 1754.

The Rev. Jonathan Edwards publishes his
work on the "Freedom of the Will," 1754.
Braddock's defeat, 1755.

*Fort Duquesne taken by the English and
named Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh), 1758.
*Wolfe takes Quebec, 1759.
*Treaty of peace, 1763.

Pontiac's War, 1763.

Ethan Allen takes Ticonderoga (May 10), Indian massacre at Wyoming, Pennsylvania

(July 3), 1778.

Indian massacre at Cherry Valley, New York (November 11), 1778.

The British take Savannah, Georgia (December 29), 1778.

"Mad Anthony" Wayne takes Stony Point (July 15), 1779.

*Victory of Paul Jones off coast of England
(September 23), 1779.

British conquest of Georgia, 1779.
British capture of Charleston, South Caro-
lina (May 12), 1780.

British victory at Camden, South Carolina
(August 16), 1780.
*Arnold's treason (September), 1780.
American victory at King's Mountain, South
Carolina (October 7), 1780.

*General Greene takes command of the Amer-
ican army at the South, 1780.
*American victory at Cowpens, South Caro-
lina (January 17), 1781.
*Greene's retreat northward, 1781.

British gain battle of Guilford Court-House,
North Carolina (March 15), 1781.
British success at Hobkirk's Hill, South
Carolina (April 25), 1781.

British retreat from Eutaw Springs, South
Carolina (September 8), 1781.

Benedict Arnold and Cornwallis invade Vir-
ginia, 1781.

*American victory of Yorktown (October 19), 1781.

1775.

Crown Point taken (May 11), 1775. *Washington appointed commander-in-chief

(June 15), 1775

*Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17), 1775. Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts (July 3), 1775.

General Montgomery takes Montreal (November 13), 1775. Montgomery and Arnold attack Quebec (Montgomery killed) (December 31), 1775. Paine's "Common Sense "(January 5), 1776. *The British evacuate Boston (March 17), 1776.

The British fail in their attack on Fort Moul

trie, South Carolina (June 28), 1776. *Declaration of Independence (July 4), 1776. *Battle of Long Island (August 27), 1776. Battle of White Plains, New York (October 28), 1776.

Fort Washington taken (November 16), 1776. *Washington retreats across New Jersey and crosses the Delaware (November 19 to December 8), 1776.

*Washington gains the victory of Trenton,
New Jersey (December 26), 1776.
*Washington victorious at Princeton, New
Jersey (January 3), 1777.

He goes into winter quarters at Morristown,
New Jersey, 1777.

Arrival of Lafayette in spring of 1777.
*American victory at Bennington, Vermont
(August 16), 1777.

The war suspended, 1782.

*Treaty of peace with Great Britain (September 3), 1783.

Shays' Rebellion in Massachusetts, 1786.

British victory at Brandywine Creek, Pennsylvania (September 11), 1777. Battle of Bemis Heights, New York (Sep- *The Federal Convention frames the Constitember 19), 1777. tution, 1787. *Howe enters Philadelphia (September 26), The ordinance concerning the Northwest Territory, 1787.

1777.

British victory at Germantown, Pennsyl- *The states accept the Constitution, 1788.

vania (October 4), 1777.

*American victory at Stillwater, New York V. THE UNION; NATIONAL DEVEL

(October 7), 1777.

OPMENT. (1789-1860.)

*American victory at Saratoga, New York;
Burgoyne surrenders (October 17), 1777.
Washington goes into winter quarters at
Valley Forge, Pennsylvania (December
II), 1777.

*France acknowledges the independence of
the United States (February 6), 1778.
*The British evacuate Philadelphia (June 18),

1778.

Battle of Monmouth, New Jersey (June 28),

1778.

WASHINGTON inaugurated President of the United States (two terms), 1789-1797. *Organization of the departments of the government and formation of the Cabinet, 1789.

Revenue Tariff imposed, 1789.
First census, 1790.

Settlement of Cincinnati, 1790.
United States Bank established, 1791.
United States Mint established, 1792.

PRINCIPAL DATES IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

Organization of political parties begun,-Federalists and Anti-Federalists or Democratic-Republicans, a name later shortened to Democrats, — 1792. *Whitney invents the cotton-gin, 1793. The Whiskey Rebellion, 1794.

High Protective Tariff established, 1824.

Jay's treaty with Great Britain, 1795.
ADAMS'S ADMINISTRATION (one Lafayette visits the United States, 1824.

term, 1797-1801).

The X. Y. Z. Papers,

1798.

*The Alien and the Sedition Laws, 1798.
Peace made with France, 1799.
Death of Washington, 1799.

*The city of Washington made the national
capital, 1800.

JEFFERSON'S

TION (two terms, 1801-1809). War with Tripoli, 1801. *Purchase of Louisiana, 1803.

*Lewis and Clarke's expedition, 1804.

War with France,

MADISON'S

ADMINISTRA

Peace with Tripoli, 1805.

The Leopard and the Chesapeake, 1807. *The Embargo, 1807.

Burr's expedition and trial, 1807.
*Fulton's steamboat (August 11), 1807.
The importation of slaves forbidden, 1808.
The Non-Intercourse Act, 1809.

ADMINISTRATION

1812.

Hull surrenders Detroit (August 16), 1812. *The Constitution takes the Guerrière (August 19),- many American victories on the sea follow, 1812.

*Perry's victory on Lake Erie (September 10), 1813.

Jackson's victory at Tohopeka, Alabama (March 27), 1814.

Battle of Chippewa (July 5), 1814.

Battle of Lundy's Lane (July 25), 1814. *The British take Washington (August 24),

The first steamship the Savannah (American) crosses the Atlantic, 1819. *Purchase of Florida, 1819. *The Missouri Compromise, 1820. *Extension of National Road, 1822. *The Monroe Doctrine, 1823.

(two terms, 1817-1825). First Seminole War, 1817.

xxvii

(two terms, 1809-1817).

End of the Non-Intercourse Policy, 1810.
Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811.

*War declared against Great Britain (June 18), Second Seminole War, 1835.

ADAMS'S (J. Q.) ADMINISTRATION (one term, 1825-1829). *The Erie Canal opened, 1825.

*The temperance reform movement begun, 1826.

*Ground broken at Baltimore for the first railroad, 1828.

*Publication of Webster's "Dictionary,"

Irving, Cooper, Bryant, — 1828. JACKSON'S ADMINISTRATION

(two terms, 1829-1837).

*General removal of government officers, 1829. *The first steam railroad opened (at Baltimore), 1830.

*Garrison begins the publication of the Liber-
ator (January 1), 1831,

The President vetoes the United States Bank
Bill, 1832.

*Nullification in South Carolina, 1832.
Chicago founded, 1833.

The New York Daily Sun, the first one-
cent newspaper, appears, 1833.
*McCormick's reaper, 1834.

Rise of the Whig party, 1834.

Coal comes into extensive use, 1835. Great fire in New York City, 1835. *Rise of American Literature, — Whittier,

Longfellow, Holmes, Lowell, Emerson, Bancroft, Prescott, Hawthorne, Poe, - 1835.

VAN BUREN'S ADMINISTRATION (one term, 1837-1841). *Business panic, 1837.

Repudiation of state debts, 1838.

Congress refuses to receive petitions for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, 1838.

1814.

*Macdonough's victory on Lake Champlain *Beginning of the American express system,

(September 11), 1814.

1839.

Hartford Convention (December 15), 1814.
Treaty of peace signed at Ghent (December

The Mormons settle Nauvoo, 1839.
*The first line of steamships between Europe
and America (Cunard) established, 1840.

24), 1814.

*Jackson's victory at New Orleans (January *The government establishes an independent

8), 1815.

MONROE'S ADMINISTRATION

treasury with sub-treasuries, 1840. HARRISON AND TYLER'S ADMINISTRATIONS (one term, 1841

1845).