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LICENSE (continued),

And to their executors, administrators, assigns, or successors...

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PAGE.

111, 135, 315

Pawnbrokers subsequently commencing trade, must obtain
magisterial certificate of fitness ...
110, 132, 264, 271, 315
Which can only be refused on specified grounds
133, 265, 315
Improperly refused by justices, or grounds of refusal not stated,

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But every partner's name must appear in, or all contracts will
be void for illegality

May be cancelled on conviction for fraud in business, or for
knowing receipt of stolen goods ...

132

153

134, 272, 314

If granted by competent authority, not void for irregularity
Offences against, make contract void

265

111, 264, 316

So that Pawnbroker acquires no rights thereunder 111, 112, 264, 316
Magistrate's power to mitigate penalties before, and since
Summary Jurisdiction Act, 1879 130, 131, 264, 272, 316, 343-350

LIEN,

Gives right to retain chattels till claim for work done or money

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Transfer of factors', now valid by statute

Was formerly deemed personal only, and therefore not transferable 71

But not, usually, power of sale

49, 62, 72, 96, 227

In this respect, differs from pawn

167
30, 167

Exception, as to innkeepers, by statute

167

Goods subject to, cannot be taken in execution

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Nor distrained upon, if on the land for a particular purpose
Contra, when remaining at owner's will

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If wrongfully distrained, distrainor liable for full value
Creditor entitled to, is "secured creditor" under Bankruptcy
Act, 1869

LIMITATION,

Statutes of, do not run against a pawn

76

But after long lapse of time, intent to abandon may be presumed 77,78
As to pawns under 10s., Pawnbrokers' Act, 1872, limits redemption 161
But statute runs from tortious refusal to deliver
And as to surplus, from accrual thereof

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Until conviction, whereby purchaser's title divested 190, 261, 262, 301
In City of London, every day but Sunday, a market day
And every shop a market overt for things usually sold there

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MARKET OVERT (continued),

Elsewhere than in London, market overt only at time and place
provided by charter or prescription

New market under modern local authority, not market overt
Though place and time same as old

No market overt for pawns

PAGE.

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192

...

192

192

147, 192

Market overt, since 1 Jac. I., cap. 21, did not change property
in goods stolen, if sold in London, Westminster, or Southwark 192
Act repealed as affecting Pawnbrokers

MONTS DE PIETE,

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193, 306, 319

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But not for loss or damage without his default

Unless delivery previously refused

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Rules substantially similar in Mosaic, Gentoo, and Roman law
But onus of proof sometimes shifted

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And see PAWN,-PAWNOR,-PAWNEE, REMEDIES OF PARTIES.

$4445

NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS,

May be subject of pledge...

16, 24, 32

Bona fide pawnee without notice, takes, free from equities affecting
37, 60, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68, 86, 96, 98, 233

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Or from liability to restitution on pawnor's conviction for crime
True owner of, may redeem as if pawnor

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Trading with license not granted on magisterial certificate,
when required by Act
May be convicted for so trading during part of a day
Power to mitigate penalties for, under Summary Jurisdiction Act

129, 131-4, 271, 314, 315

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Not duly exhibiting table of profits, &c.
Employing servant under 16 to take in pawns

Taking pawn from person under 12-or, in metropolis, under 16 312

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OFFENCES, &c. (continued),

Making excessive charges for pawn-ticket

PAGE.

139, 275, 309, 326

Failing to give receipt for loan and profit when required by
redeeming pawnor

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Non-production of books when required by court

136, 275, 325

144, 275, 316

Non-production of auctioneer's sale catalogue on demand within

three years, by person entitled
Taking or demanding excessive profit
Failing to deliver pawn on application by

due time

Or to other person entitled thereto...
Selling pawns at unauthorized times

Or otherwise than by auction

137, 275, 309
136, 139, 275, 276, 326

redeeming pawnor in

135, 276, 310, 311

276, 310, 311
277, 309, 316, 327
277, 309, 310, 312, 316, 327

Or pictures, china, &c., otherwise than as prescribed

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277, 307, 310, 312, 316, 327

277-279, 312, 316

Purchasing, or taking in pawn or exchange, another Pawn-
broker's pawn-ticket
Purchasing pawn except at auction
Permitting redemption with view to purchase by Pawnbroker...

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277, 312, 316

277, 312, 316

277, 312, 316

277, 278, 308, 316, 321

Refusing production thereof to pawnor within three years 278, 309, 316
Refusing to pay over surplus, less deductible deficit 278, 309, 316
Failing to pay pawnor insured value of pawn less loan and profit,

on due application

...

Delivering pledge on redemption, damaged by neglect

278, 311, 316

278, 311

Failing to deliver form of declaration to applicant 279, 311, 316, 324, 325
Failing to permit redemption by declarant

279, 311

Delivering pledge to holder of ticket within three days after

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Delivering pledge to declarant with notice of fraud or falsehood 279,311
Unlawful taking in pawn...

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Of stores which court reasonably believes to be property of the

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OFFENCES, &c. (continued),

Selling china, &c., at unauthorized times

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285, 309, 316, 327
285, 309, 316, 327

or with other goods
Failing audibly to announce name of purchasing Pawnbroker.

285, 309, 316, 328

Failing to deliver Pawnbroker a duly filled up and signed sale-

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Pawning other persons' property without owner's authority 286,313,316
Offering pledge, being unable to account for possession 286, 313, 316
Wilfully giving Pawnbroker false information as to such possession

Attempting to redeem without colour of title
Offering, uttering, or producing to Pawnbroker, a
reasonably suspected to be forged, &c.

Making false declaration as to ownership of pawn
or of pawn-ticket

...

...

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286, 313, 316
286, 313, 316

pawn-ticket

...

...

287, 313, 316
287, 311, 324
287, 311

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or identity of claimant
Retailer of spirits taking pledge for money due for them

OWNER, TRUE, OF PAWN,

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Rights of, not affected by pledges made without his authority...

...

Or in excess of pawnor's limited interest
Or by pawnee's sale of pawn, if wrongful
Unless he elect to proceed under Pawnbrokers' Act, 1872
or pawn be of negotiable instruments

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37, 60, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68, 86, 96, 98, 233, 260
Or protected by Factors' Acts 13, 14, 38, 49, 56, 60, 66, 96, 98, 329–342

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Parties to, must be sui juris, and of capacity to contract

And in general, have some property in the pawn

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Invalid, if purpose immoral, corrupt, illegal, or against public policy

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...

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28
25-30
30

...

25, 26, 30, 31

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... 30, 306
26, 31-35

25

27

36

36

38-47

3

5

6

7,9

9

...30, 306

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PAWNBROKERS' ACT, 1800 (39 & 40 GEO. 3, CAP. 98),

Superseded previous temporary Acts

Some of its provisions complex and unworkable

PAWNBROKERS' ACT, 1872,

Founded upon report of Parliamentary Committee
Repeals previous Acts

Applies to loans up to £10 only

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PAGE.

9

11

11

11, 306, 319

11, 48, 308

Certain provisions of, may be excluded by special contract in
statutory form

Makes Pawnbroker a limited insurer of pawn

Allows increased rates of profit

11, 308, 310, 325
12, 311, 322, 323, 325
30, 309, 322, 323, 325

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16, 19, 20

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In France and other countries, by Monts de Piété
Unsuccessful attempts at, by Charitable Corporations and Joint-

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May repledge to extent of his interest

as belonging to him

...

Therefore, in pleading, pawn must formerly have been described

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And before Judicature Act, could sue in trover or trespass
Which pawnor could not

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70, 80, 291, 293, 294

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Pawnee may stand in place of tradesman supplying, when
Fraudulent statement of full age, immaterial

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But not if he has, though unknown to pawnee, forbidden pledge 52
Unless, in some cases, for necessaries

May pledge, as agent for her husband

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Common Law rules greatly modified by modern legislation ...54, 291

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