SHEER.

Section 52.

The maximum sheer for the main or upper decks of all vessels, to be four feet forward, and two feet aft, with the lowest point at least one-tenth the length abaft of midship.

PORTS AND HATCHES.

Section 54. Vessels having timber ports, in the bow or stern, below the main deck, built and secured in the very best manner, may be classed up to A 2.

Vessels with lumber ports in the side, where planned or put in at the time of building, the butts of the planking and ceiling having been properly shifted for the equalization of strength, the clumps not cut, may be classed up to A 2; but up to B 1 only, if the ports are located amidst an assemblage of butts; and up to B 2 only, if the clumps are cut.

All hatches over six feet in length or breadth, to have removable beams for middle supports to the covers; and hatches over eight feet long not allowed in A 1 vessels.

RATING OF TIMBER.

Section 56. The relative values of the different kinds of timber, of good quality, for use in the various parts of vessels, are given in Table "A," in years.

The timber of all the woods to be cut and made in the season of repose; which is in autumn or winter, after the year's growth is completed, the leaves withered or fallen; while the roots are inactive; and before the sap begins again to circulate.

Pine, Hackmatack, and similar soft woods, not to be used for outside plank of first class sail vessels built for Lake or River service; and on the flat of bottom only in vessels with solid bottoms, and then of half more thickness. Oak to be preferred for all bottoms. The sapwood of Live, White or Burr Oak, Locust and Red Cedar, need not be removed from timber of the frame.

Timber materials should not be condemned for trifling defects, which may be removed or tolerated without deteriment to the vessel's strength and durability. Graving pieces should be avoided in unsightly situations; and in the bottom should never exceed two in any one plank, cat through to the frames where in contact with a seam.

EQUIPMENT.

Section 57. Sail vessels to be rigged with hemp or wire rigging of approved manufacture, of the circumferences given in Table "B," in proportion to the Register Tonnage.

TABLE A. Showing the relative value, in years, according to properties, of timber of good quality used in the various parts of vessels.

PRINCIPAL TIMBERS.

FRAMING.

BEAMS, KNEES, &C.

OUTSIDE
PLANKING, &c.

INSIDE
PLANKING.

BOX & RUDDER, BOARD

&c.

| MASTS

SPARS.

All vessels navigating the Lakes to be provided with anchors, chain cables, and manilla hawsers of approved quality, as specified in Table "C."

The length of large chain for all vessels of 350 tons and upwards, to be 90 fathoms. For all other vessels, and for the small chain 75 fathoms.

The length of hawsers for vessels less than 350 tons, to be 60 fathoms; and for all over this tonnage, 120 fathoms.

Steam vessels above 200 tons, employed wholly on the rivers may have chains four-sixteenths less in diameter than for sail vessels; and anchors in proportion.

All vessels to have their machinery, masts, spars, rigging, sails, compasses, steering apparatus, centre-board, windlass, pumps, catheads, davits, scuppers, and hawsepipes in sea-going order and good working condition; and a boat or boats sufficient to carry the crew, and competent for the transportation of the small anchor, and all vessels to carry a full crew.

DECKS AND PIPES.

Section 58. In all vessels to be classed above B 1, the main deck frame shall be continued right aft, and the decks shall be laid from apron to stern, without breaking off or sinking at the cabin, except in those of less than nine feet draft of water (exclusive of outstanding keel), or under the proportion of twelve times the depth of hold for the length between apron and stern timber.

Hawse-pipes, scuppers, closet plumbing and pipes of every description having outlet through the vessel, to be passed through chocks of wood placed for the purpose between the frames.

IRON VESSELS.

Section 59. Steam vessels built of iron, not less substantially thán required by the Rules of the New York Record for the highest class, but in addition, having their bottoms built as solidly and defensively as those of wooden steam vessels, (see Sec, 48), being timber-filled between the frames of the floor, the filling in whole length well fastened to the floor plates; the bottom, outside, planked with wood to the top of the bilge, the planks of three-fourths the thickness required for wooden vessels, by Sec. 29, single fastened and properly caulked; with water-tight ceiling to the top of the bilge, and three or more compartment bulkheads well caulked, shall be eligible to the grades of the first class for Lake navigation.

Iron vessels inferior to the above standard of strength and preparation for taking the bottom, to be assigned a grade in the second or third classes only.

TABLE B.

CIRCUMFERENCE OF RIGGING, STAYS, AND BACKSTAYS, IN INCHES. •

REGISTER TONNAGE

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

*Reg. Ton'ge) 100 120 140 170

MINIMUM SIZES OF CHAINS, ANCHORS, AND HAWSERS FOR SAIL VESSELS.

Weight of Anchors to be Exclusive of Stocks.

200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 900 1000 1100

1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

INDEX.

A.

ABANDON-Goods for freight; merchant cannot

When vessel-owner has a right to

Cargo, freighter not entitled to because damaged
ABANDONMENT-When freight is due to insurers in case of

Acceptance of see

Insurance

ACCIDENTS To passengers, when masters and owners not liable

66

66

What is an inevitable

To cargo when loading, who liable

66

Exception if does not include snow storm"
Excuse in cases of

Delay caused by, when freighter liable for

Of the seas, meaning of in charters, bills of lading

ACCOMMODATION of crew, room should be left for

66

For passengers

ACCOUNTS of ship's husband

66

When mortgagee is entitled to

What master can settle

Of receipts and expenses from master, owners are
entitled to

ACT OF GOD-Meaning of in charters

ACTION FOR WAGES should be brought in six years, except

ADVANCES on vessel building, insurance of

257, 260

57

66

14

57

57

394-5

393-4

ADMIRALTY COURT OF ONTARIO see "Maritime Court."

ADRIFT-Casting logs, buoys, boats

In possession of an indorsed bill of lading, rights of
Of owner of cargo, master's duty as

14

26

For purpose of receiving cargo is not liable for freight
Cases where he is liable for freight

54

54