ENGLISH PROSE AND POETRY EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE (c. 1154) A MONK OF PETERBOROUGH FROM THE RECORD FOR 1137 3 8 13 28 This gære 1 for 2 the king Stephne ofer sæ This year went King Stephen over the sea to Normandi, and ther wes * underfangen, to Normandy and was received there, befor-thi-that 6 hi ? uuenden 8 that he sculde ! cause they thought that he was going to ben 10 alsuic 11 alse 12 the eom wes, and for 6 be just such as his uncle was, and because he hadde get 14 his tresor; ac 15 he to-deld 16 it he still had his uncle's treasure; but he disand scatered sotlice.17 Micel 18 hadde Henri persed it and scattered it foolishly. Much king gadered gold and sylver, and na 19 god 20 had Henry the king gathered of gold and ne dide me 21 for his saule 22 tharof.23 silver, and no good did anyone for his soul by means of it. Tha 24 the king Stephne to Englalande When King Stephen came to England, then com, 25 tha 26 macod 27 he his gadering æt he made his assembly at Oxford; and there Oxeneford; and thar he nam 29 the biscop he seized the bishop Roger of Salisbury and Roger of Sereberi,30 and Alexander biscop of Alexander, bishop of Lincoln, and the ChanLincol and te 31 Canceler Roger his neves, 32 cellor Roger, his nephews, and put them all and dide 33 ælle in prisun til hi ? iafen 34 un in prison till they gave up their castles. here 35 castles. Tha 24 the suikes 36 under- When the traitors perceived that he was a gæton that he milde man was and softe and mild man and soft and good, and enforced no ne dide, tha 26 diden justice, then did they all wonders. They hi 7 alle wunder.39 Hi 7 hadden him had done homage to him and sworn oaths. red 41 maked 27 and athes 42 but they kept no troth. But they were all 19 treuthe ne heolden. 44 Alle he 7 forsworn and their troths were entirely wäron 45 forsworen, and here 35 treothes for- abandoned; for every powerful man built 46 for ævric 47 rice man his castles "his castles and held against him, and they makede, 49 and agænes 50 him heolden, 51 and filled the land full of castles. They opfylden 52 the land ful of castles. Hi suencten pressed grievously the wretched men of the suythe 54 the uurecce men of the land mid 56 land with castle-building. castel weorces. 57 Tha 24 the castles 45 maked, tha 58 When the castles were built, then they fylden hi mid deovles and yvele filled them with devils and evil men. Then hi tha 61 men the 62 hi wenden 63 they seized the men who they thought had that ani god 64 hefden,65 bathe 66 be 67 nihtes any property, both by night and by day, 37 20 and na 19 god justise 38 40 man 43 suoren 15 ac hi nan loren; 48 53 3 6 7 9 19 on 21 her 20 and be dæies, carlmen! and wimmen, and men and women also, and thrust them in diden ? heom 3 in prisun efter 4 gold and prison for gold and silver, and tortured them sylver, and pined 5 heom untellendlice 6 with unspeakable tortures, for never were pining," for ne uuærens nævre nan martyrs any martyrs so tortured as they were. They swa 10 pined alse 11 hi wæron. Me 12 henged 13 were hanged up by the feet and smoked with up bi the fet 14 and smoked heom mid ful 15 foul smoke. They were hanged by the smoke. Me henged bi the thumbes, other 16 thumbs, or by the head, and coats of mail were bi the hefed,17 and hengen 18 bryniges hung on their feet. Knotted strings were fet. Me dide ? cnotted strenges put about their heads and twisted till they abuton 22 here 20 hæved 17 and uurythen 23 to 24 penetrated to the brains. They put them in that it gæde 25 to the hærnes. 26 Hi dyden dungeons in which were adders and snakes and heom in quarterne 27 thar 28 nadres 29 and toads, and killed them thus. ... snakes and pades 30 wæron inne, and drapen 31 heom swa. I ne can ne I ne mai 32 tellen alle the wun- I cannot and I may not tell all the wonders der 33 ne alle the pines 34 that hi diden nor all the tortures that they did to wretched wrecce this land; and that men in this land; and that lasted the nineteen lastede tha .xix. wintre 37 wile 38 Stephne was years while Stephen was king, and ever it king, and ævre 39 it was uuerse 40 and uuerse. was worse and worse. 10 35 men on 36 FROM THE POEMA MORALE, OR MORAL ODE (c. 1170) (Unknown Author) 41 lore; 47 eom 50 Ich 41 am elder then ich wes, a wintre and a I am older than I was in winters and in lore; Ic 4 wælde *3 more thanne ic dude, 14 mi wit ah 45 I govern more than e'er I did, my wisdom to ben more. should be more. Wel lange ic 41 habbe 46 child ibeon a weorde Full long time have I been a child in word and ech 48 a dede; and eke in deed; Theh 49 ic beo 50 a wintre eald, 51 to ying 52 I Though I be in winters old, too young am I a rede. 53 in rede. Unnut 54 lyf ic habb ilæd,55 and yiet,56 me- Useless is the life I lead, and long, methinks, thincth, ic lede; have led; Thanne ic me bethenche, 57 wel sore ic me When I remember me of this, full sore am I adrede.58 a-dread. Mest 59 al thæt ic habbe ydon 60 ys idelnesse Nearly all that I have done is childish and of and chilche ; 61 naught; Wel late ic habbe me bit hoht, But, save God show me mercy now, too late do milce.63 is this my thought. Fele 64 ydele word ic habbe iqueden 65 syth- Many idle speeches have I spoken since then 66 ic speke cuthe, speech to me was lent; And fale yunge 68 dede ido, thet me of- And many a foolish deed have done, that I thinchet 69 nuthe.70 must now repent. bute 62 me God 67 64 1 men them 4 after (i.e. to obtain) 6 tortured unspeakable torture hung corselets (as weights) 20 their 21 cords 22 about twisted 26 brains went, penetrated prison 29 adders 31 killed 32 may tortures 35 wretched years 38 while 40 41 I 42 2 in years and in 48 49 50 young 53 counsel 54 useless 63 65 mercy many spoken 66 since 67 could 68 young, silly repents now 23 25 27 24 till 28 where 33 evils 70 30 toads 69 34 36 in 37 3 7 8 me ne 21 20 22 27 28 29 30 20 20 33 Al to lome' ic habbe agult ? a weorche 3 and ec * a worde; Al to muchel ic habbe ispend, to litel yleid 5 an horde. Mest 6 al thet me licede ? ær, nu hit ' mislicheth ; 10 The 11 mychel 12 folyeth 13 his ywil, him sulfne he biswiketh.14 Ich mihte habbe bet 15 idon, hadde ic tho 16 yselt he; 17 Nu ic wolde, ac 18 ic ne mei 19 for elde 20 for unhelthe; Ylde 21 me is bistolen on, ær ic hit awyste; Ne mihte ic iseon 23 before me for smeche 24 ne for miste. Ærwe 25 we beoth 26 to done god, and to yfele al to thriste; More æie stent man of manne thanne him do of Criste. The 11 wel ne deth 31 the hwile he mei,32 wel oft hit hym scæl ruwen, Thenne 4 hy 35 mowen sculen 36 and ripen, 37 ther 38 hi ær seowen.39 Don ec 40 to Gode wet ye muye,32 the hwile ye buth 26 a life; Ne hopie no man 42 to muchel to childe ne to wyfe; The 11 him selve foryut 43 for wife other for childe, He sceal cume an uvele stede 44 bute 45 hym God beo milde. Sende æch 46 sum god biforen hym, the hwile he mei, to heovene; Betere is an elmesse 47 bifore thenne beon æfter seovene. Ne beo the leovre 48 thene the sulf thi mei 49 ne 50 Sot 51 is the 11 is othres mannes freond betre thene his aye. 52 30 Ne hopie 53 wif to hire were,54 ne wer to his wife; Beo 55 for him sulve ævrich man, the hwyle he beo 57 alive. Wis 58 is the 59 him sulfne bithencth 60 the hwile he mote 61 libbe, 62 For sone wulleth 64 him foryite the fremde 66 and the sibbe. 67 All too often have I sinned in deed and eke in word; All too freely have I spent, too little laid in hoard. Almost all I now mislike of things I liked of yore; Who follows over-much his will, betrays him self the more. Had fortune only favored me, I might have done more good; Now for weakness and for age, I may not, though I would. Old age is stolen me upon, ere that I it wist; I could not see before me for the smoke and for the mist. Timid we are in doing good, in evil all too bold; More awe of man than awe of Christ doth every person hold. Who doth not well, the while he may, shall often rue it sore, When comes the time to mow and reap what he has sown before. Do ye for God the best ye may, the while ye are in life; And let no man hope overmuch in child nor yet in wife. He who doth himself forget for wife or else for child Shall come into an evil place save God to him be mild. Let each some good before him send, the while he may, to heaven; For better is one alms before than afterward are seven. And hold not dearer than thyself thy kins man or thy son; Foolish to be another's friend rather than thine own. 30 And let no wife in husband hope, nor band in his wife; Be each man for himself alone, the while he is in life. Wise is who bethinks himself the while he 41 thi maye 54 56 1 all too often a sinned 3 deed 4 also 5 laid 6 almost ? pleased 8 formerly ' it displeases who 12 much 13 follows 14 betrays 15 better 17 good fortune 18 but 19 19 may not age weakbefore I knew it 23 see 24 ness smoke 25 timid 27 evil bold awe, fear 30 arises to 31 doth may shall repent when they shall 37 38 39 where reap sowed 41 also what 42 let no 43 45 man hope forgets 44 in evil place unless 47 48 49 dearer one alms 50 kinsman son 51 foolish 52 54 56 man every 59 61 may 63 55 be 22 57 is 62 live 26 are 28 29 66 soon stranger 67 kinsman 64 will 65 forget 33 34 35 36 |
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