The New Geology: A Textbook for Colleges, Normal Schools, and Training Schools; and for the General ReaderPacific Press publishing association, 1923 - 726 pages |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
America ancient Archæan areas bottom brachiopods calcareous calcium carbonate called Cambrian Cañon Carboniferous changes chemical classed clay coal beds coast common composed contain corals Cretaceous crinoids crystalline Dana deep deposits depth Devonian diatoms dolomite earth earthquake Eocene erosion Europe evidence extend fact feet feldspar fishes Foraminifera formation forms fossiliferous found as fossils gastropods genera geological geologists glacier Grabau index fossils iron Jurassic kinds known Lake land latter lava layers limestone living localities lower marine mass materials Mesozoic mineral modern mollusks mountain North numbers occur ocean ooze Ordovician origin oxide Paleozoic Permian plants and animals present quartz reef regions reptiles river rocks sand sandstone sediments shales shells shore side siliceous Silurian similar skeleton South species square miles strata stratified structure supposed surface Tertiary theory thick tion Triassic trilobites tropical true types Upper usually Valley valve various volcanoes waves
Popular passages
Page 657 - There rolls the deep where grew the tree. O earth, what changes hast thou seen! There where the long street roars, hath been The stillness of the central sea. The hills are shadows, and they flow From form to form, and nothing stands ; They melt like mist, the solid lands, Like clouds they shape themselves and go. But in my spirit will I dwell, And dream my dream, and hold it true ; For tho' my lips may breathe adieu, I cannot think the thing farewell.
Page 592 - But never in the history of science did a stranger hallucination arise than that of Cuvier and the modern school, when they supposed themselves to discard theory and build on a foundation of accurately ascertained fact. Never was a system devised in which theory was more rampant; theory, too, unsupported by observation, and, as we now know, utterly erroneous.
Page 308 - But that particular and essential bit of the theory of evolution which is concerned with the origin and nature of species remains utterly mysterious. We no longer feel as we used to do, that the process of variation, now contemporaneously occurring, is the beginning of a work which needs merely the element of time for its completion; for even time can not complete that which has not yet begun.
Page 531 - ... these creatures is a marvel of mechanical design; the bones of the vertebral column are of the lightest possible construction consistent with strength, the bony material being laid down only where stresses arise, and reduced to a minimum at other points. The assembled skeleton reminds one forcibly of a cantilever bridge borne on two massive piers — the limbs — between which the trunk represents the shorter channel span, and the long neck and tail the spans leading to the shores. Over the...
Page 535 - ... under the surveys of Hayden and King, but, with the possible exception of the half of a caudal vertebra, obtained by Hayden and described by Leidy as a species of Poikilopleuron, not a single fragment had been recognized. This is all the more remarkable from the fact that in several of the localities I have observed acres literally strewn with fragments of bones, many of them extremely characteristic and so large as to have taxed the strength of a strong man to lift them. Three of the localities...
Page 65 - ... 1. Talc. 6. Orthoclase. 2. Gypsum. 7. Quartz. 3. Calcite. 8. Topaz. 4. Fluorite. 9. Corundum. 5. Apatite. 10. Diamond.
Page 535 - ... removing them. Sixteen series of vertebrae were found strung together; among these were eight long strings of tail-bones. The occurrence of these tails is less surprising when we come to study the important and varied functions of the tail in these animals, and the consequent connection of the tail-bones by means of stout tendons and ligaments which held them together for a long period after death. Skulls are fragile and rare in the quarry, because in every one of these big skeletons there were...
Page 172 - This wave has been found to differ from every other species of wave in the motion which is given to the individual particles of the fluid through which the wave is propagated. By the transit of the wave the particles of the fluid are raised from their places, transferred forwards in the direction of the motion of the wave, and permanently deposited at rest in a new place at a considerable distance from their original position. There is no...
Page 194 - compares it " to a great submarine wall or terrace, fronting the whole north-east coast of Australia, resting at each end on shallow water, but rising from very great depths about the centre ; its upper surface forming a plateau covered by 10 to 30 fathoms of water, but studded all over with steep-sided block-like masses which rise up to low-water level.
Page 699 - In conclusion, I may say, that the fossil remains of Man hitherto discovered do not seem to me to take us appreciably nearer to that lower pithecoid form, by the modification of which he has, probably, become what he is.