bbé Mably, Principes des Négociations,
i. 278.

Aberdeen, magistrates of, appoint re-
ceiver at Slusa in 1456, i. 296.
Abnormal jural relations, of States, i.
223; anti-jural, ib., ii. 3; realisation
of, transitory, 5; defined by neces-
sity, ib.; to what extent separable
or inseparable from man? 6; ulti-
mate question, ib.; future possibili-
ties, 7; lessons from history, ib.;
future hopes, ib.; human control of
forces, ib.; precedence of active rela-
tions, 9 et seq.; proximate in con-
flict with ultimate will, 10; what
justifies inactivity, ib.; our duty to
each other, ib.; misconceptions on
the subject of neutrality, 11.
Absolute and relative equality, ii. 260.
Absolute security to freedom involves

absolute supremacy, ii. 34; incon-
sistent with reciprocating will and
power, ib.

Abstract forms of government, i. 204.
Abyssinian war of 1867-68, i. 250.
Accurtius, i. 403.

Acollas, M. Emile, i. 202.
Adair, Sir Robert, i. 263.
Advancing and retrograding States, ii.

201.

Africa, Central, its future prospects, ii.
28; efforts of the King of the Bel-
gians, 29.

Aggression, social and industrial, ii.
25; how effected, ib.; domicile and
nationality part company, ib.; con-
flicts which arise, 26; war justified
in cases of, 26; where an interna-
tional duty, 41.
Ahrens, on legal relations, i. 397.
Aix-la-Chapelle, Nov. 1818, Protocol of

Conference of the Five Powers, i. 245.
Alabama, arbitration case, i. 52; pro-
ceedings of, did not cost a single life,

ii. 101; effect of Geneva decision re-
garding, 106.

Alberoni, Cardinal, ii. 220.
Algeria, conquest of by France, no

violation of international law, i. 161.
Alien Acts of 1792, 1793, i. 344.
Alien, his right to hold property, i.

410; but no claim to public rights,
412; the rule in Scotland, 415.
Alienable private rights, ii. 84; subject
to dominium eminens, ib.; conversion
of, into public rights, 86 et seq.
Alsace under German or French law, i.
395.

Alsace and Lorraine, their position, ii.

82; will soon be quite German, 121.
Alva, Duke of, and the Netherlands, i.
150.

Amalfi, consuls appointed at, i. 294.
Ambassadors, the rank of, i. 173.
Ambassadors and diplomatic agents,
their rights, i. 248; extend to house
and suite, 249; inability to protect,
250; privileges abused in former
times, ib.; marriage by, 251; to lie
for their country no longer duty of,

269.

America violated law of nations by

selling arms to France, ii. 149.
American prize courts and the Circas-
sian, i. 445; Foreign Enlistment
Act, ii. 476; and Polynesian groups
of international organisms, 297.
Anarchical forces, how begotten, ii. 8.
Anarchies intolerant, i. 132.
Anarchy the condition of international
existence in Europe, ii. 237.
Ancient Indian ideas about war: con-
querors should kindly treat the van-
quished, ii. 429; Rajputs should
fight fairly, and spare the van-
quished, &c., 430; needless warfare
condemned, 433; praise of a war-
rior's life, 434.

Anglo-Saxon race, M. Prévost Paradol
on the growth of, i. 130; the politi-
cal mission of, 233; confederation of,
ii. 293; chief obstacle to, ib.; ethni-
cal bond sufficient for mutual pro-
tection, ib.; incomplete without
United States, ib.; confederation of
a colonial and municipal question,
294.
Anti-aggression league, value of, i. 268.
Appeal to belligerents and to the press,
ii. 423 et seq.

Aquinas, Thomas, i. 67, 68, 73.
Arbitration, a new form of combat, ii.
156; as the scientific solution of the
ultimate problem, 208; tribunals of,
210; limit of hope of, 211.
Armaments once reduced irrevocable,
ii. 277; military class would oppose
reduction of, 278.

Armed ships and arms, sale of, ii. 159;
distinction between, 160.
Armenia, reforms in, ii. 16.
Armistices, &c., ii. 389.

Arntz, M., on intervention, ii. 50.
Aryan races, nature-religions of, and
Christianity, i. 114, 115; in India,
not inferior to Anglo-Saxon, ii. 298.
Assimilation of legal systems, i. 371,
377, 378; certainty the great end to
be aimed at, 379.

Atheists, when citizenship extended to,

i. 113.

Austin, i. 83.

Australia, future greatness of, ii. 290.
Austro-Hungarian Empire, a composite

State, i. 196; "Delegations," ii. 276.
Ayala, Balthazar, De jure et officiis bel-
licis, i. 67; unjust view of, by
Grotius, 72.

Balance of power, i. 44; doctrine

of, ii. 197; imperfections acknow-
ledged, 198; consists in guarantee-
ing existing jural relations, ib.;
substituting new jural relations, ib.,
204; its merits and defects, 199; a
proclamation of solidarité, ib.; a
protest against egotism, ib.; teach-
ing of doctrine of, 200; a perpetual
casus belli, 201; a scheme of devel-
opment, 203; equivalents for the
three factors, 204; retrospective and
special, 205; formulates no general
rule, ib.; the ideal of, ib.; an empty
diplomatic fiction, ib.; convenient
peculiarity of, 206; condemned by
recent royal writer, ib.; supplies no
executive, 207; coalition called into
existence by, ib.

Balmoral and Osborne private pro-
perty, ii. 77.

Bank of England, effect of seizure of,
ii. 154.

Bar, C. L. von, Das Internationale
Privat und Strafrecht, i. 355.
Barbarous communities, civilisation of,
ii. 250.

Barbary States never recognised by
European nations, i. 161.
Barbeyrac, his preface to Pufendorf, i.
71; his treatment of scholastic
jurists, 73; on voluntary law, 76;
on treaties, 263, 271.

Bartolus and Baldus, i. 65, 68; tar-
gets for the wit of Rabelais, 403.
Basle, treaty of, i. 38.

Bavaria, separate political rights, i.

Bell, George Joseph, on the law-mer-
chant, i. 381, 384; a great text-
writer on, ib.

Belligerency, property sacrificed before
life, i. 57; the limits of, 62; a public
right, 81; no rule of satisfactory to
both sides, 166.

Belligerent, recognition, i. 141; lega.
tion, 238; rights, jura publica, ii.
57; when recognition ceases, 61;
rights of private property, 97; may
enforce purchase, ib.; regarding
ships, 98; nationalisation, 141;
free trade between, 149; and neu-
trals, 166; irritability, 167; as
such, cannot send or receive am-
bassadors, i. 143.

"Benevolent neutrality," i. 234;
claimed from England, ii. 149.
Bentham's essay, ii. 227; failure of
his scheme, 228; his clearness of
view, ib.; his prediction fulfilled, ib.;
on mutual disarmament, 229; on
national morality, 230; his know-
ledge of character, 231; proposed
common tribunal, 232; shallowness
of his philosophical system, 233.
Berlin, Congress of, in 1878, i. 177;
showed the folly of recognising