standard of time, task, piece, or other method of calculating the same, or whether the labor or service is performed under contract, subcontract, partnership, subpartnership, station plan, or other agreement for the performance of labor or service: Provided, That the labor or service to be paid for is performed personally by the person demanding payment. Nothing contained in this act shall in any way limit or prohibit the payment of wages or compensation at more frequent intervals, or in greater amounts or in full when or before due.

SEC. 4. Act to be posted.-Every employer shall post and keep posted conspicuously at the place of work, if practicable, or otherwise where it can be seen as employees come or go to their place of work, or at the office or nearest agency for payment kept by the employer, a notice specifying the regular pay days and the time and place of payment, also any changes in those regards occurring from time to time. Every employee who is discharged shall be paid at the place of discharge, and every employee who quits or resigns shall be paid at the office or agency of the employer in the county or city and county where such employee has been performing the labor or service for the employer. All payments of money or compensation shall be made in the manner provided by law. In the happening of any strike, the unpaid wages or compensation earned by such striking employees shall become due and payable on the employer's next regular pay day, and the payment or settlement shall include all amounts due such striking employees without abatement or reduction, and the employer shall return to each such striking employee any deposit or money or other guaranty required by him from such employee for the faithful performance of the duties of the employment. Any violation of the provisions of this section shall be punishable as for a misdemeanor, and any failure to post any notice as in this section prescribed shall be deemed prima facie evidence of a violation of this act.

SEC. 5. Wages accrue, when.-In the event that an employer shall willfully fail to pay, without abatement or reduction, any wages or compensation of any employee who is discharged or who resigns or quits, as in section one of this act provided, then as a penalty for such nonpayment the wages or compensation of such employees shall continue from the due date thereof at the same rate until paid, or until an action therefor shall be commenced: Provided, That in no case shall such wages continue for more than thirty days: And provided further, That no such employee who secrets or absents himself to avoid payment to him, or who refuses to receive the payment when fully tendered to him, including any penalty then accrued under the provisions of this section, shall be entitled to any benefit under this act for such time as he so avoids payment.

SEC. 6. Violations.-Any person, firm, association, or corporation, or agent, manager, superintendent, or officer thereof, who, having the ability to pay, shall willfully refuse to pay the wages due and payable when demanded, as herein provided, or falsely deny the amount or validity thereof, or that the same is due, with intent to secure for himself, his employer, or other person, any discount upon such indebtedness, or with intent to annoy, harass, or oppress, or hinder, or delay, or defraud the person to whom such indebtedness is due, shall, in addition to any other penalty imposed upon him by this act, be guilty of a misdemeanor.

SEC. 7. Enforcement.-It shall be the duty of the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics to inquire diligently for any violations of this act and to institute actions for penalties herein provided, and to enforce generally the provisions of this act.

SEC. 8. Prosecutions.-Nothing herein contained shall be construed to limit the authority of the district attorney of any county or city and county to prosecute actions, both civil and criminal, for such violations of this act as may come to his knowledge, or to enforce the provisions hereof independently and without specific direction of the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics.

SEC. 10. Public employces.-Nothing in this act shall apply to the payment of wages or compensation of employees directly employed by any county, city and county, incorporated city or town, or other municipal corporation. Nor shall anything herein apply to employees directly employed by the State, any department, bureau, office, board, commission, or institution thereof. All other employments shall for the purposes of this act be deemed private employments and subject to the provisions hereof.

CHAPTER 259.-Employment of children-General provisions

SECTION 1. Age.-[Employment under 16 is forbidden in mercantile, manufacturing and mechanical establishments, workshops, offices, laundries, places of amusement, restaurants, hotels, apartment houses, in messenger or delivery service, or in any other work at any time except as provided herein or in No. 3574, General Laws, or in ch. 506, Acts of 1919. Work for a manufacturing establishment includes work done indirectly or through contractors.] SEC. 2. Work time.-[Except as provided in sections 3, 31⁄2, and 5, 8 hours per day and 48 per week is the limit for children under 18; nor may they work between 10 p. m. and 5 a. m.]

SEC. 3. Messenger, etc., service.-[Girls under 18 and boys under 16 may not be employed in messenger or delivery service in towns of over 15,000 population; nor may a boy under 18 be so employed between 9 p. m. and 6 a. m.]

SEC. 3. Street trades.-[No boy under 10 or girl under 18 may be employed in any street trade or occupation in cities of 23,000 population or over.]

SEC. 4. Dangerous occupations.—[Minors under 16 may not be employed in specified dangerous occupations. For a similar list see secs. 3145, 3148, Delaware Code. The list may be extended by the bureau of labor statistics, on determination, after hearing.]

SEC. 5. Exemptions.-[This act does not limit the hours of labor of children in agricultural or domestic labor, nor forbid their employment in such labor during vacation or outside school hours. The curing and drying of fruit are exempt, but not the canning. Theatrical employments of children 15 to 18 years of age are permitted, to 12 o'clock midnight, if the written consent of the commissioner of labor is first obtained.]

SEC. 6. Registers.—[Registers must be kept of all minors employed under the age of 18, and a schedule of their work time posted in the rooms where employed, all to be open to official inspection. Permits to work must be returned to the issuing authority within 5 days after the minor quits employment. Semiannual reports of permits issued must be made to the bureau of labor and board of education.]

SEC. 7. Violations.--[Fines, $50 to $200, or imprisonment not over 60 days, or both, are penalties prescribed for violations.]

SEC. 8. Enforcement.-[The bureau of labor statistics is charged with the enforcement of this act. Attendance and probation officers may also enter places of employment in its enforcement.]

CHAPTER 421.-Employment agencies-Trade schools

SECTIONS 1, 2. Classed as agencies.-[Persons, corporations, etc., conducting trade schools or classes and placing their students in employment for wages, and receiving pay for such placement services, are subject to the laws and regulations governing private employment agencies; but this does not apply to public or parochial schools or charitable institutions, or to private schools teaching business subjects.]

ACTS OF 1921

CHAPTER 34.-Stock for employees, etc., of corporations

SECTION 5. Authorization.-[The stockholders of any corporation may provide for the issue of stock, under restrictions determined by them, as additional compensation or for sale to employees and persons actively engaged in the conduct of the business. This may be an original or an increased issue, may be paid for as determined, and may entitle to vote or not. The act does not interfere with any issue or sale of stock to employees or others.]

CHAPTER 115.-Seats for employees in elevators

SECTION 1. Seats required.-All elevators used for the carriage of passengers shall be provided with a suitable seat for the operator in charge of the same. Failure to comply with this act shall be deemed a misdemeanor and punishable by a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars for each offense.

CHAPTER 244.-Sanitation of foundries, etc.

SECTION 1. Who to act; provisions.-The owner, employer, or manager of every foundry or metal shop engaged in the casting, fabricating, or working over in any manner, of iron, brass, steel, or other metal or compound, and where five or more men are employed, shall establish and maintain, for the use of the employees, washbowls, sinks, or other appliances, connected with running water, and also a water-closet connected with running water. The room where the washbowls are installed, and the water-closet shall be kept properly ventilated and protected, so far as may be reasonably practicable, from the dust and fumes of the foundry or metal shop.

SEC. 2. Violations.—Whoever fails to comply with the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars for each offense.

CHAPTER 245.-Collection of wages—Public defender

SECTION 1. Office created.-[The board of supervisors approving, a public defender may be elected, who must have at least one year's experience in all the courts of the State.]

SEC. 5. Duties.— * * * He shall also, upon request, prosecute actions for the collection of wages and of other demands of persons who are not financially able to employ counsel, in cases in which the sum involved does not exceed one hundred dollars, and in which, in the judgment of the public defender, the claims urged are valid and enforceable in the courts.

CHAPTER 246.—Unemployment-Extension of public works

SECTION 1. Board of control.-It shall be the duty of the board of control to ascertain and secure from the various departments, bureaus, boards, and commissions of this State tentative plans for such extension of the public works of the State as shall be best adapted to supply increased opportunities for advantageous public labor during periods of temporary unemployment; together with estimates of the amount, character, and duration of said employment, the number of employees who could be profitably used therein, together with rates of wages and such other information as the board of control shall deem necessary.

SEC. 2. Cooperating agencies.-It shall be the duty of the bureau of labor statistics in cooperation with the immigration and housing commission and the industrial welfare commission, to keep constantly advised of industrial conditions throughout the State as affecting the employment of labor; and whenever it shall be represented to the said bureau by the Governor of the State, or the said bureau shall otherwise have reasons to believe, that a period of extraordinary unemployment caused by industrial depression exists in the State, it shall be the duty of the said bureau to immediately hold an inquiry into the facts relating thereto and to find and report to the governor of the State of California whether, in fact, such condition does exist.

SEC. 3. Board to act, when. In the event that the bureau of labor statistics shall report to the governor that a condition of extraordinary unemployment caused by industrial depression does in fact exist within this State, the said board of control is hereby authorized to make such disposition and distribution of the available emergency fund among the said several departments, bureaus, boards, and commissions of the State, for such extension of the public works of the State under the charge or direction thereof, including the purchase of materials and supplies necessary therefor, as shall, in the judg ment and discretion of the said board of control be best adapted to advance the public interest by providing the maximum of public employment, în relief of the existing conditions of extraordinary unemployment consistent with the most useful, permanent, and economic extension of the works aforesaid.

SEC. 4. Who to be employed.-It shall be the duty of the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics, immediately upon the publication, under this act, of a finding that a period of extraordinary unemployment due to industrial depression exists throughout the State, to cause to be prepared by the appropriate departments of his bureau approved lists of applicants for public employment and to secure from such applicants, or otherwise, full information as to their industrial qualifications and to submit the same to the board

of control for transmission to such departments, bureaus, boards, and commissions as shall avail themselves of the provisions of this act: Provided, however, That preference for employment under this act shall be extended first to citizens of California; second to citizens of other States within the United States who are within the State of California at the time of making their application; and last to aliens who are within the State at the time of making application.

CHAPTER 396.-Railroads-Provisions for accidents-First aid

SECTION 1. Package.-Every steam railroad company, or the receiver or receivers of any steam railroad, operating trains, in whole or in part, within the State of California, shall provide a package containing the articles hereinafter stated, on each steam train or light steam engine, for first aid to persons who may be injured in the course of the operation of such train or trains.

SEC. 2. Contents.-Every such package shall include the following and such other articles and equipment as may in the judgment and discretion of the management of the steam railroad or the medical department thereof be useful for the intended purpose:

A standard package to contain two (2) pieces of sterile gauze, one (1) ribbon bandage, one (1) triangular cambric picture bandage in aseptic container, six (6) of these packages to make up one (1) first-aid kit which shall contain written instructions for the use of such contents.

SEC. 3. Report of use.-The employee of the steam railroad in charge of the steam train or steam engine shall report to the office designated by the company whenever any such kit has been opened for use.

SEC. 4. Violations.-Any steam railroad company, or the receiver or receivers, or employee of a steam railroad company, who shall fail to comply with the provisions of this act shall be liable to a penalty of not less than five nor more than twenty-five dollars, and each day's violation shall constitute a separate offense: Provided, however, That the steam railroad company, or receiver or receivers, shall be allowed not to exceed three days without penalty to replace any package or packages after the use of same has been reported by the employees in charge of said steam train or steam engine.

CHAPTER 897.-Sanitary provisions for employees in moving-picture theaters SECTIONS 1, 2. Toilets, etc.-[This act requires toilet facilities, with running water if available, otherwise a dry closet, for the convenience of operators in theaters and moving-picture houses.]

CHAPTER 903.-Employment of women—Moving boxes, etc.

SECTION 1. Pulleys, etc., when.-Boxes, baskets, or other receptacles which with their contents weigh seventy-five pounds or over and which are to be moved by female employees in any mill, workshop, packing, canning, or mercantile establishment shall be equipped with pulleys, casters, or other contrivances connected with or upon which such boxes or other receptacles are placed so that they can be moved easily from place to place in such establishments.

SEC. 2. Limit of weight.-No female employee shall be requested or permitted to lift any box, basket, bundle, or other receptacle or container which with its contents weighs seventy-five pounds or over. Whoever violates the provision of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding fifty dollars for every day during which there shall be a failure to equip or provide such boxes, baskets, or other receptacle with some one of the appliances specified in section one of this act.

COLORADO

CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE 5.-Hours of labor in mines, smelters, etc.

SECTION 25a. Limit of eight hours per day.-The general assembly shall provide by law, and shall prescribe suitable penalties for the violation thereof, for a period of employment not to exceed eight (8) hours within any twentyfour (24) hours (except in cases of emergency where life or property is in imminent danger), for persons employed in underground mines or other underground workings, blast furnaces, smelters; and any ore reduction works or other branch of industry or labor that the general assembly may consider injurious or dangerous to health, life, or limb.

ARTICLE 15.-Liability of employers for injuries to employees-Waivers SECTION 15. Contracts waiving right to damages.-It shall be unlawful for any person, company or corporation to require of its servants or employees, as a condition of their employment or otherwise, any contract or agreement, whereby such person, company or corporation shall be released or discharged from liability or responsibility on account of personal injuries received by such servants or employees while in the service of such person, company or corporation, by reason of the negligence of such person, company or corporation, or the agents or employees thereof, and such contracts shall be absolutely null and void.

ARTICLE 16.-Mine regulations

SECTION 2. Provisions prescribed. The general assembly shall provide by law for the proper ventilation of mines, the construction of escapement shafts, and such other appliances as may be necessary to protect the health and secure the safety of the workmen therein; and shall prohibit the employment in the mines of children under twelve years of age.

COMPILED LAWS-1921

Protection of employees on street railways

SECTION 2843. Platforms to be inclosed.-It shall be unlawful for any person, partnership or corporation owning or operating any street railway or the cars thereupon, in this State, or for any officer or agent thereof superintending or having charge or control of the line of railway or the cars thereupon, whether the motive power of such car is electricity, steam, by cable or otherwise, which require the constant service, or care or attention of any person or persons on any part of such car, except the rear platform, to require or permit such service, attention or care of any of its employees, or any other person or persons, unless such person, partnership or corporation, or superintending officer and managing agents thereof, first provide the said car with a proper and sufficient inclosure constructed of wood, iron, and glass, or similar suitable materials sufficient to protect such employee or other person from exposure to the rain, snow, cold, or other inclemencies of the weather.

SEC. 2844. Act construed.-Where there is a trailing car or cars being drawn by a head car upon which the propelling or drawing power is situated and used and where no person is required to remain constantly at one point either for the purpose of keeping the lookout or for the purpose of operating any apparatus or machinery upon such trailing car or cars; this act shall not be construed to apply to any car except the head one; nor shall it be construed to mean that the inclosure for the motorman or for the employee managing or operating any apparatus or machinery of a car at any point shall have his view obstructed, but the said inclosure or vestibuling shall be constructed in a manner so as to permit a front and side view from the position which it is necessary for the person to occupy while he is in the performance of his duties.