Protection of immigrant labor

SECTION 4202. Hiring for emigration forbidden, when.-To aid in preventing newly arrived immigrants into this Territory from being misled by false and mischievous representations of emigrant agents seeking to withdraw such immigrants from the Territory, thereby discouraging the efforts of the Territory and its citizens, made at great expense, to introduce desirable population, the hiring for employment out of this Territory of any immigrant coming into this Territory, or the inducing, abetting, and enticing of such immigrant to leave the Territory by any licensed emigrant agent, is hereby forbidden for the period of thirty days following the date of the arrival of such immigrant into the Territory, except with the consent and approval of the board of immigration, or any legal successor in powers and duties to such board.

SEC. 4203. Records of immigrant laborers.-It shall be the duty of the Territorial board of immigration, or any legal successor in powers and duties to such board, to keep an accurate record open to public inspection of all immigrants subject to the provisions of section 4202, showing among other things the date of the arrival of such immigrant into this Territory.

SEC. 4204. Violations.—Anyone violating the provisions of section 4202 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall forfeit his license and be subject to a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars or imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

ACTS OF 1915

ACT No. 64.-Garnishment of wages

SECTION 1 (as amended 1921, No. 202). Subsequent employers.-[When a wage earner is subject to a judgment of garnishment, and leaves the service of the garnished employer, any subsequent employer may be furnished a copy of the judgment, and is thereby charged with the payment of the judgment.]

ACTS OF 1917

ACT No. 115.-Factory, etc., regulations-Fire marshal

SECTION 49. Appointment; duties.-(1) The [insurance] commissioner shall be ex-officio Territorial fire marshal, herein designated fire marshal. He shall appoint one of his assistants as chief deputy and may appoint such clerks as he shall find necessary and he shall fix their duties and compensation. salaries and expenses of the fire marshal department shall be paid out of the treasury of the Territory.

All

(2) The fire marshal, in conjunction with or through other public officers upon whom any such duties are imposed, if any, shall enforce all laws and ordinances of the Territory and political subdivisions thereof relating to:

(a) The prevention of fires, and the inspection of property, periodically or otherwise, or any other regulations or methods adopted for the prevention of or reduction of loss by fire, or to promote the safety of persons in case of fire; (b) The manufacture, storage, sale, and use of combustibles and explosives; (c) The installation and maintenance of automatic or other fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing equipment;

(d) Fire escapes and other means of exit from or access to buildings or parts of buildings or other property in case of fire;

(13) Every owner or other person having charge of or control over any building, structure, or other premises, in this section designated "owner,' shall construct, keep, and make such building, structure, or other premises, in this section designated "building," safe from loss or damage to property or loss of life, or injury to persons by fire, in this section designated "fire loss."

(14) No such owner shall require, permit, or suffer the public or any employee to go or be in any such place which is not safe, and no such owner shall fail to furnish, provide, and use reasonably adequate protection and safeguards against fire or fail to adopt and use processes and methods reasonably adequate to render such places safe, and no such owner or other person shall fail or neglect to do every other thing reasonably necessary to prevent a fire loss in such building so under his charge or control.

ACTS OF 1919

ACT No. 218.-Wages of laborers on public works

SECTION 1. Minimum.-The minimum pay of laborers on public works throughout the Territory of Hawaii shall be not less than two and 25/100 dollars ($2.25) per day.

ACTS OF 1921

ACT No. 187.-Employment of children-Hours of labor

SECTIONS 1, 2. Work time.-[The employment of any child under the age of 16 more than 8 hours per day or 48 hours per week or between 9 p. m. and 5 a. m. is forbidden. Penalty, $25 to $100 fine, or imprisonment not over 30 days, or both.]

ACTS OF 1923

ACT No. 189.-Interference with employment-Picketing

SECTION 1. Picketing unlawful, when.-It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, singly or conspiring together, to interfere, or attempt to interfere, with any other person in the exercise of his or her lawful right to work, or right to enter upon or pursue any lawful employment he or she may desire, by doing any of the following acts, to wit, to use profane, insulting, indecent, offensive, annoying, abusive, or threatening language toward such person or any member of his or her immediate family, or in his, her, or their presence or hearing, for the purpose of inducing or influencing, or attempting to induce or influence, such person to quit his or her employment, or to refrain from seeking or freely entering into employment; or to persist in talking to or communicating in any manner with such person or members of his or her immediate family against his, her, or their will, for such purpose; or to follow or intercept such person on his or her way to or from his or her work, to or from his or her home or lodging, or to or from any other place for such purpose, and against the will of such person; or to photograph such person against his or her will; or to menace, threaten, coerce, intimidate or frighten, in any manner, such person for such purpose; or to commit an assault or assault and battery upon such person, for such purpose, or to loiter about, picket or patrol the place of work or residence of such person, or any street, alley, road, highway, or any other place, where such person may be, or in the vicinity thereof, for such purpose, against the will of such person.

Src. 2. Congregating about place of business.-It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, singly or conspiring together to loiter about, beset, patrol, or picket in any manner the place of business or occupation of any person, frm or corporation engaged in any lawful business or occupation, or any street, alley, road, highway or other place, in the vicinity where such person, firm or corporation may be lawfully engaged, in his, their or its work, business or occupation, for the purpose of inducing or influencing, or attempting to induce or influence others to trade with, buy from, sell to, work for, or have business dealings with such person, firm, or corporation, so that thereby the lawful business or occupation of such person, firm or corporation will be obstructed, interfered with, injured, or damaged, and such person, firm or cornoration thereby be induced or coerced against his, their or its will, intimidated, or threatened, to do something, he, they, or it may legally refrain from doing, or to refrain from doing something, he, they, or it may lawfully do.

SEC. 3. Penalty.-Any person violating any provision of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000) or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

IDAHO

CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE 13.-Immigration and labor

SECTION 1. Bureau of immigration, etc.-There shall be established a bureau of immigration, labor, and statistics, which shall be under the charge of a commissioner of immigration, labor, and statistics, who shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the consent of the senate. The commissioner shall hold his office for two years, and until his successor shall have been appointed and qualified, unless sooner removed. The commissioner shall collect information upon the subject of labor, its relation to capital, the hours of labor and the earnings of laboring men and women, and the means of promoting their material, social, intellectual, and moral prosperity. The commisioner shall annually make a report in writing to the governor of the State of the information collected and collated by him, and containing such recommendations as he may deem calculated to promote the efficiency of the bureau.

SEC. 2. Hours on public works; health and safety.-Not more than eight hours actual work shall constitute a lawful day's work on all State and municipal works, and the legislature shall pass laws to provide for the health and safety of employees in factories, smelters, mines, and ore reduction works.

SEC. 4. Employment of children in mines.-The employment of children under the age of fourteen years in underground mines is prohibited.

SEC. 5. Alien labor on public works.-No person, not a citizen of the United States, or who has not declared his intention to become such, shall be employed upon, or in connection with, any State or municipal works.

SEC. 7. Arbitration of labor disputes.-The legislature may establish boards of arbitration, whose duty it shall be to hear and determine all differences and controversies between laborers and their employers which may be submitted to them in writing by all the parties. Such boards of arbitration shall possess all the powers and authority in respect to administering oaths, subpœnaing witnesses, and compelling their attendance, preserving order during the sittings of the board, punishing for contempt, and requiring the production of papers and writings, and all other powers and privileges, in their nature applicable, conferred by law on justices of the peace.

SEC. 8. Duty of commissioner-The commissioner of immigration, labor, and statistics shall perform such duties and receive such compensation as may be prescribed by law.

COMPILED STATUTES-1919

Department of immigration, labor, and statistics

SECTION 251. Department created.-Civil administrative departments of the State government are created as follows:

SEC. 253. Officers.-The following officers are created:

Commissioner of immigration, labor, and statistics, for the department of immigration, labor, and statistics.

SEC. 331. Duties.-The department of immigration, labor and statistics is the bureau of immigration, labor, and statistics heretofore established by law. It shall have power:

1. To promote the welfare of workers and to improve their commercial, industrial, social, and sanitary condition.

2. To collect information upon the subject of labor, its relation to capital, the hours of labor and the earnings of laboring men and women, and the means of promoting their material, social, intellectual, and moral prosperity.

3. To visit and inspect, during reasonable hours, all shops, factories, and mercantile establishments and other places where workmen are employed, as often as practicable, and to cause the provisions of law to be enforced therein. 4. To inspect the sanitary conditions, system of sewerage, system of heating, lighting and ventilating of rooms where persons are employed at labor and the means of exit in case of fire or other disaster, within or connected with shops and factories. To examine the machinery in and about such shops and factories to see that it is not located so as to be dangerous to employees when engaged in their ordinary duties.

5. To collect and compile reliable data which if disseminated would tend to the development of the State by inducing population and capital to come within its borders.

6. To declare and prescribe what safety devices, safeguards, or other means or methods of protection are well adapted to render employees and places of employment safe.

7. To fix and order such reasonable standards for the construction, maintenance, and repair of places of employment as shall render them safe.

8. To require the performance of any act necessary for the protection of the life, health, and safety of employees.

Employment of children-General provisions

SECTION 1024. Age limit; night work.-[Employment of children under 14 is forbidden in, or in connection with, any mine, factory, workshop, mercantile establishment, store, telegraph or telephone office, laundry, restaurant, hotel, apartment house, or in distribution or transmission of merchandise or messages; or in any business or service whatever during the hours public school is in session; or after 9 p. m. or before 6 a. m. If over 12, may be employed in occupations named above during vacations of two weeks or more.]

SEC. 1025. Illiterates.-[Employment during school hours is forbidden till 16 years of age, if illiterate.]

SEC. 1026. Records.-[Employers are required to keep records of minors 14 to 16 years of age in occupations named in section 1024.]

SEC. 1027. Work time.-[Children under the age of 16 may not work over 54 hours per week or 9 hours per day or between 9 p. m. and 6 a. m.]

SEC. 1028. Penalties.-[Penalties on employers violating law, and on parents, etc., permitting unlawful employment are fines not to exceed $50; and $5 to $20 for each day's unlawful employment after notice from a truant officer.] SEC. 1029. Employments forbidden.-[The use, employment, or letting of any child under the age of 16 for theatrical, acrobatic, mendicant, etc., employments is forbidden.]

SEC. 1031. Enforcement.-[Probation officers and school trustees are to bring complaint.]

Employees in slaughterhouses

SECTION 1759. Clothing, etc.-[Outer clothing, aprons, etc., of employees handling meat and meat products must be of sanitary material and cleansed daily; hands must be kept clean.]

SEC. 1760. Toilets, etc.-[Ample and properly equipped toilets, wash rooms, etc., must be provided and maintained separate from work and storage rooms.]

SEC. 1761. Wash rooms.-[Wash rooms must be properly ventilated, windows and doors screened, and cuspidors provided.]

Department of immigration, labor, and statistics

SECTION 2268. Office established.-In conformity with the requirements of section 1, Article XIII, of the constitution of the State of Idaho, a bureau of immigration, labor, and statistics for the State is hereby established, which is the department of immigration, labor, and statistics.

SEC. 2269. Commissioner.-It shall be the duty of the governor, by and with the consent of the senate, to appoint a competent person as commissioner of immigration, labor, and statistics, who shall have charge of said department, and who shall hold his office for the term provided in Article XIII of the constitution. He shall receive a salary of $3,600 a year, and such additional sum for general expenses, including his traveling expenses, printing, clerical hire, and other actual and necessary expenses of his office, as the legislature

shall authorize and appropriate, to be paid as are the salaries and expenses of other State officers. Before entering upon the duties of his office he shall take oath for the faithful discharge of the duties thereof, the same as other State officers. The secretary of state shall provide a suitable room for the use of said department and furnish the necessary fuel, light, and appurte nances. All books, papers, and documents in the office of said commissioner shall be deemed public records of the State, and shall be transferred by him to his successor in office.

SEC. 2270. Duties.-It shall be, and is hereby made, the duty of said commissioner to collect and compile all reliable data and information at his command, concerning the climate, soil, and various resources of the State; its agricultural, horticultural, mineral, timber and grazing lands, and industries, and the development thereof; the wages and hours of labor, both skilled and common, and its relation to capital; and, generally, any information, which if disseminated abroad, would tend to the development of the State by inducing population and capital to come within its borders.

* *

SEC. 2271. Powers.-In order to enable said commissioner to secure the above required information, he is hereby clothed with the power to call upon officers of the State, county assessors, superintendents of public instruction, and other officers, for such information as he may desire and deem valuable in his department.

SEC. 2274. Report.-The commissioner shall, on or before the first day of December in each year, transmit to the governor a full and complete report of the doings of his office, including a tabulated statement of all statistics accumulated in his office, and a detailed and itemized account of the expenses thereof.

SEC. 2275. Statistics of labor.-The commissioner shall collect information upon the subject of labor, its relation to capital, the hours of labor, and the earnings of laboring men and women, and the means of promoting their material, social, intellectual, and moral prosperity, and assort, systematize, print and present in annual reports to the governor, on or before the first day in December of each year, statistical details relating to all departments of labor in this State, including the penal institutions thereof, particularly concerning the hours of labor, the number of laborers and mechanics employed, the number of apprentices in each trade, with the nativity of such laborers, mechanics, and apprentices, wages earned, the savings from the same, the culture, moral and mental, with age and sex, of laborers employed, and number and character of accidents, the sanitary condition of institutions and other places where labor is employed, as well as the influence of the several kinds of labor, and the use of intoxicating liquor upon the health and mental condition of the laborer, the restrictions, if any, which are put upon apprentices when indentured, the proportion of married laborers and mechanics who live in rented houses, with the annual rental of the same, the average number of members in the families of married laborers and mechanics, the value of property owned by laborers and mechanics, together with the value of property owned by such laborers or mechanics (if foreign born), upon their arrival in this country, and the length of time they have resided here, the subject of cooperation, strikes, or other labor difficulties, trades-unions, and other labor organizations, and their effects upon labor and capital, with such other matter relating to the commercial, industrial, and sanitary condition of the laboring classes, and permanent prosperity of the respective industries of the State, as such department may be able to gather, accompanied by such recommendations relating thereto as the department shall deem proper.

Arbitration of labor disputes-Labor commission

SECTION 2280. Commission created.-There shall be, and is hereby, created a commission to be composed of two electors of the State which shall be designated the labor commission, and which shall be charged with the duties and vested with the powers hereinafter enumerated.

SEC. 2281. Appointment.-The members of said commission shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate; and shall hold office for two years and until their successors shall have been appointed and qualified. One of said commissioners shall have been for not less than six years of his life an employee, for wages, in some department of industry in which it is usual to employ a number of persons under single direction and control and shall be at the time of his appointment affiliated with the labor interest as distinguished from the capitalist or employing interest.