and a new town built from its materials, which in a century grew to be a place of much commercial prosperity. The pirate Barbarossa took Bona by surprise, and annexed it to his petty kingdom of Algiers; but he was expelled again by the Tuniseens soon after. Here, also, the emperor Charles V. landed, on his invasion of the Algerine territory. In the reign of Louis XIV., the French African Company established a settlement here, and conducted a successful trade. In one year the Company exported from Bona ten thousand quintals of wool, five thousand of wax, fifty thousand bullocks' hides, and one hundred thousand bushels of corn-the estimated value of which was eighty thousand pounds. There are valuable coral-banks off the Tuniseen coast at this point, which, together with Bona, were ceded to Great Britain in 1805, but were treacherously wrested from her by Turkey in 1816. This baseness was punished by the bombardment of Algiers by the English fleet, under the gallant Lord Exmouth.

On the 25th of March, 1832, Colonel Yusuf, Captain d'Armandy, two noncommissioned officers, one private, and twenty-six sailors of the Bearnaise, landed at Bona, and marching up to the kazbah, then garrisoned by one hundred Turks, gained possession of that fortress, and subsequently of the town itself. Ahmed Bey immediately withdrew his forces, having pillaged and fired the town, and compelled the inhabitants to desert their homes. By this coup-de-main the French got possession of one hundred and fifteen pieces of ordnance. For this service Yusuf was decorated with the cross of the legion of honour, made a Chef d'Escadron, and placed at the head of an auxiliary native force.

EMS, ON THE LAH N.

RHINE.

"The river nobly foams and flows,

The charm of this enchanted ground,

And all its thousand turns disclose

Some fresher beauty varying round." BYRON.

AMONGST the many beautiful dependencies of the Rhenish regions of romance and picture, Ems holds a conspicuous place: embosomed in wooded hills, whose summits are swept by the most refreshing breezes, it occupies a narrow winding vale, which no rude blast can ever visit too roughly. The Lahn, a graceful tributary to the Rhine, winds rapidly along between the impending hills, leaving but a limited margin between its waters and the abruptly rising brows of the Baederley range, for the site of convenient dwellings. The Romans were not ignorant of the character of those thermal

springs that have conferred notoriety upon this secluded little glen, nor insensible of the peculiar graces of the spot itself. Here stood the Amasia, or the Ambasis, of that nation, the extent of which cannot now be discovered with any degree of certainty, but considerable architectural remains are occasionally met, and coins, and other relics of Roman occupancy, frequently found.

Under the German empire, Ems still possessed some esteem, and visitors who sought restoration of health, rather than relaxation from the fatigues of a winter's campaign in the field of fashion, found here every comfort suitable to their infirmity, and in a beautiful and sequestered retreat. Then the kurhaus stood alone in the middle of the valley, and in the panoramic view of the locality appeared the ancient mansion of some little principality—the river rolling majestically in front, the hills rising precipitously at its back, and thick woods clothing their steep fronts. For many years, however, popular favour shone on the baths and brunnens of other districts-the waters of Ems were deserted, the hills stripped of their rich clothing, the vale in consequence deprived of its most grateful shelter, and the best houses allowed to fall into decay. But, within the last few years, prosperity, wafted by the aura popularis, has revisited this romantic glen; and the few humble dwellings on the right bank of the Lahn, have assumed the dignity of a respectable town. A continued range of buildings, presenting an imposing façade, extends for upwards of a mile along the narrow bank of the river, with a sumptuous kursaal in the centre; a handsome promenade separates them from the stream; and similar improvements are still in rapid progress. The air is charged with heat during the day, from the concentration of sunbeams in this mountain-pass, and the strong reflection from the slate-hills that hang over it; but ample shelter is to be found amidst the forests that are every day recovering their ancient majesty.

The waters of Ems, which issue from the Mont de Bains, a hill of slate formation, are "clear and perfectly transparent in a clean glass. The temperature of the fountain of Kesselbrunnen is 115° of Fahrenheit, that of Krachenchen only 83°. These are the chief drinking springs. There are several others, used as baths, varying in temperature from 80° to 124°. They have the taste of chicken-broth, with a slight smack of iron." With the fair sex these waters have always been in favour, and modern analysis confirms the wisdom of their selection. Thilenius thus describes their agreeable character -"They have a soothing and tranquilizing effect on the nervous system; no waters, with the exception of Schlangenbad, produce such a pleasing and salutary effect on the skin, which they clear, soften, and leave in a satiny state, thus improving the complexion, and giving additional fairness to the skin generally."

To the preceding recommendation, Hufeland adds another, not less important"We know how few mineral springs there are that can be used with safety in diseases of the lungs. Patients with such affections are commonly prohibited from visiting

a mineral spring. Here, the reverse is the case; and Ems stands alone, with Selters, in this respect."