APPENDIX,

CONTAINING

DEFINITIONS AND TABLES FOR PARSING

AND ANALYSIS.

APPENDIX.

DEFINITIONS AND TABLES FOR PARSING AND ANALYSIS.

Language is made up of letters, words, and sentences.
A LETTER is a mark representing a certain sound.

WORDS.

A WORD is formed by a combination of letters, and is the visible sign of an idea.

There are eight different kinds of words, or, as they are commonly called, parts of speech-Noun, Adjective, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection.

1. The NOUN is the name of any person or thing.

2. The ADJECTIVE is a word used to qualify or limit a noun. 3. The PRONOUN is a word used in place of a noun. 4. The VERB is a word which expresses

(1) what any person or thing does;

(2) what is done to any person or thing; or
(3) in what state any person or thing exists.

5. The ADVERB is a word which modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

6. The PREPOSITION is a word which shews the relation between two other words.

7. The CONJUNCTION is a word which joins words, clauses, or sentences together.

8. The INTERJECTION is a word expressing any sudden wish or emotion of the mind.

The act of reducing a sentence to the words of which it is made up, stating to which class each of those words belongs, and pointing out their relation to one another, is called parsing.

TABLE FOR PARSING.

The following Table will shew what is required in the parsing of each part of speech.—

I. THE NOUN:

I. Of what kind? Prop., com., abs., coll.
2. What number? Sing. or plu.

3. What gender? Masc., fem., neut., or com.
4. What case (with rule)?

Nom. (1) to verb

(2) after verb

(3) abs. agr. with part.

(4) of address (2d per.) (vocative.)
(5) in apposition to

Poss. qual. or possessing

Obj.

II. THE ADJECTIVE:

1. Of what kind?

(1) gov. by act. trans. verb

(2) gov. by prep.

(3) gov. by intrans. verb from the same

root as the noun.

(4) gov. by passive verb, which in the active voice governs two cases.

(5) in apposition to

Qual., quan., num., limit.

2. Degree of comp.? (Pos.) com. sup.

3. Qualifying or limiting what? (Noun or pron.) III. THE PRONOUN:

1. Personal.

1. What person? Ist, 2nd, or 3rd.

2. What number? Sing. or plu.

3. What tense? Pres., past., perf., pluperf., fut., fut. perf.

Between what words does it shew the relation?

VII. THE CONJUNCTION :

I. Of what kind? Connect., advers., or illat..

2. Joining what? (Two words, two clauses, or two sen-
tences.)

VIII. The INTERJECTION is not related to the other words.
THE PARTICIPLE:

I. Which? Present or past.

2. From what verb ?

3. Used as adj. or noun?
4. Parse it as such.

The following is a specimen of the manner in which a Parsing Exercise should be written out. (See Question 1, lines 1-16.)

Of

fruit

whose

woe

with

till

restore

sing

muse

first

seed

if

fast

that

while

Prep., shewing rel. bet. sing and disobedience.
Noun, com., sing., neut., obj. gov. by of.

Pron., rel., 3rd sing., neut., poss., possessing taste,
and agreeing with its antec. fruit.

Noun, abs., sing., neut., obj., gov. by brought.

See Question 3.

Adv. of time, mod. restore.

Verb, 3rd sing., pres., subj. of the act. trans. verb restore-ed-ed.

Verb, 2nd sing., pres. imp. of the act. intrans. verb sing, sang or sung, sung.

Nom., com., sing., fem., nom. of address.

Adj. of num. (ordinal), qual. who.

Noun., coll., sing., com., obj. gov. by taught (indirect obj.)

Conj. ill., joining the two clauses, if Sion hill, &c., and I thence invoke, &c.

Adv. of deg., mod. by the oracle.

Pron., rel., 3rd sing., neut., nom. to intends, agr.

with its antec. song. Adv. of time, mod. pursues.