chapter ix., 171-189 (see | Excessive competition (see
labor, salesmen, wages). Employment, steadiness of, under combinations, 186, 241.
Energy, industrial, combi- nation prevents waste in, 42-43.
England, attitude of courts of, toward combinations, 249; attitude of public of, toward combinations, 246; extent and form of com- binations in, 228, 234-239; laws regulating corpora- tions in, 239, 248-249; price of raw and refined sugar in, 133-146, and dia- gram facing 133. Entrepreneurs, union of, held valid in Germany, 251. Europe, industrial combina- tions in, chapter xii., 228- 254. European beet crops, effect of shortage in, 145. Evil, from excessive power of directors, 125-129; from incompetent industrial
leaders, 202-203; nepo- tism, 201-202; overcapi- talization, 98, 103-107; political, from corruption of legislatures by corpora- tions, 190-194, 246; quali- ties, evil, of combinations, and remedies, 213-216, 217-227, 258-307; social, resulting from the illegiti- mate relations between bankers and combinations, 96-97.
competition, excessive). Export prices of oil, 151; re- lation of export prices to tariff, 241-244.
Export trade, combinations in, 75-76; development of, through large combina- tions, 75-76, 213. Extension of credits, unwise, 28-29, 198.
FAVORS, possessed by industrial combinations, chapter iii., 44-55; remedy for evils of combination in case of special, 219-221; special, are induced by possession of large capi- tal, 73; special, not indis- pensable to creation of a monopoly, 60. Fear, an important element in preventing competition, 68-69.
Federal anti-trust act, 217. Federal Steel Company, a
combination of several companies not competi- tors, 41, 121-124, 309- 310; labor organizations recognized by, 176. Fees, incorporation, 276. Field of combination, limit of, 208-210. Financier,
promoter and, chapter v., 77-97; rôle of the, 90-97. Financiering of combina- tions, examples of meth- ods of, 87-90.
Fittest, survival of, under
competition and under combination, 195–200. Flour, combination control- ling, 209. Fluctuations in price, likely to result in certain indus- tries from unrestricted competition, 140-141 (see competition, excessive). Foreign market, develop-
ment of, through large combinations, 75-76, 213. France, attitude of people of, toward combinations, 246; provisions of Penal Code of, concerning co- alitions, 249-250. Freights, advantages in, without illegal discrimina- tions, 55; classification of, by Interstate Commerce Commission, 265; dis- criminations in, 49-55, : 200, 219-220, 264; rates of, control by Interstate Commerce Commission recommended, 220; sav- ings in cross, 31-32, 213, 229.
246-248; coal syndicate in, 245, 247-248; corpora- tion laws of, 107, 240; ex- tent to which combina- tions have developed in, 228; oil, price of in, 151- 152, and diagram facing 150; sugar, price of raw and refined in, 133-146, and diagram facing 133; sugar combination in, 234. Going concern, capitaliza- tion upon value as a, 99- 107, 239 (see capitaliza- tion, basis of). Gompers, Samuel, 178. Good qualities of combina- tions, 212-213. Government inspection and control of corporations, 223, 251-254, 258-259, 264, 268.
Grades of sugar explained, 134. Greenhut, J. B., 171. Guthrie, Chas. S., 36-37.
Incorporation certificate, un- der New York Companies' Act, 274-276; amendment of same, 277-278. Incorporation fees, 276. Independence, degree of, granted managers of Eng- lish combinations, 234. Independent producers of oil, 116, 151-152, 155; of sugar, 137-140. Independent thought, oppor- tunities for, under large combinations, 203-206 (see self-direction). Individual genius, indepen- dent of monopoly, 209- 210; self-direction, whether destroyed by large com- binations, 194-207, 216. Individuality, developed by the art of managing one's superiors, 205. Industrial combinations in Europe, chapter xii., 228- 254.
Industrial Commission (see United States Industrial Commission). Industries, character
adapted to combination, 208-209.
Influence, improper, of cor- porations upon legisla- tures and courts, 190-194, 246; upon political or- ganizations in general,
215. Information, should be given
to investors and stock- holders, 105-106, 126-129, 222-227, 259, 262-263, 267-268, 286, 291-296 (see publicity). Inspectors, government, of corporations, 223, 268 (see government inspection and control). Intangible property, as a basis of capitalization, 79- 80 (see capitalization, basis of). Interest charge, for carrying stock of raw material, 133. International combinations,
possibility of, 47-49, 222. International influence of certain combinations, 229. Interstate Commerce Com- mission, extension of power of recommended, 219-220, 264. Interstate Commerce Law, 52, 53, 217, 264. Introduction, 3-9. Investors, concealment of facts from, and deception of, 213-214; information should be given to, 105- 106, 222, 259, 262-263, 286, 291-296; organiza- tion of corporations, form of, should be studied by, 128-129; underwriting of stocks by banks affects, 96-97.
Iron Age, 157, 165, 168- 169. Iron, combinations in, in Austria and Germany, 233, 243-244; increased
price of, affects price of oil, 154; increased wages in iron and steel indus- tries, 159, 167, 173; ore and pig-iron, increased price of, 159.
JARVIE, J. N., 143.
Johnson Company, 122. Judiciary Committee of United States House of Representatives, constitu- tional amendment pro- posed by, 225.
LABOR, how affected by
combinations: coalition between employers and employees to sustain prices, 187-188, 235-239; efficiency of labor in- creased, 186; publicity would benefit, 224; rela- tion of European combina- tions to, 244-246; sales- men and superintendents dispensed with, 24, 26–27, 182-185; steadiness of employment, 186; wages, trusts and, chapter ix., 171-189, 215 (see em- ployees, unions, wages). Labor organizations (see unions). Laissez faire policy toward
industrial combinations, advocated by many, 217. Lake Superior Consolidated Iron Mines, 312. Law, common, concerning restraint of trade, 218- 219, 249; European law in certain respects favor- able to combinations, 232- 233.
Leather combinations, 37. Lee, J. W., 152, 156. Legal monopoly, 56,
170, 220-221 (see monop- oly). Legislation, chapter xi., 212-227; evil of closing plants may be reached by, 186; European, regu- lating corporations and combinations, 248-254; needed to properly con- trol trusts, 211, 257-269, 306; State and federal, against trusts, 217-219. Legislatures, improper in- fluencing of, by corpora- tions and combinations, 190-194, 246.
Let alone policy toward in- dustrial combinations, ad- vocated by many, 217. License, corporations should be required to secure, 306.
Limit of field of combina- tion, 208-210.
Loans on stock forbidden under New York Compan- ies' Act, 288-289.
Steel Company,
Louisiana sugar crop, 144.
McKinley tariff on tin plate, 164.
McNulta, General John, 147.
Machinery, distribution of, in large combinations, 36-38, 230. Management, methods of organization and, chapter vii., 108-129. Margin or differential (see differential).
Market, difficulty of secur- ing, 22-23; foreign de- velopment of, through combinations, 75-76, 213.
monopolistic, should be held in check by society, 211, 269, 306; prices, 22, 59-72, 253; tariff, in re- lation to monopolistic power, 242-243; term monopoly explained, 58, 60, 64; what constitutes a virtual, 60-61 (see com- binations, trusts).
Moore, William H., 88. Moral tone of business, low- ering of by combinations, 216.
Morgan, J. P., & Co., 312- 313.
Massachusetts, corporation NAILS, wire (see wire
law of, 99. Meetings of stockholders, provisions of New York Companies' Act concern- ing, 284-285. Merger and dissolution of corporations, under New York Companies' Act, 304. Milk, combinations in cer- tain cities to control sup- ply of, 208. Millinery trade, why com- bination is impossible in, 209.
Minnesota Iron Company,
Monopoly, capitalistic, 58- 76; combination and, chapter iv., 56–76; legal, 56, 59, 170, 220-221; natural, 57-58; power,
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