Introduction, (an excellent one). Early rising.Cleaning boots and shoes.-Cleaning knives and forks. Trimming and cleaning lamps.-Cleaning plate.-Candlesticks.-Cleaning furniture.-Looking-glasses, mirrors,&c.-Brushing clothes.-Hats.→ Gloves. The gentleman's dressing room.-Pantry, &c.-Tea trays.-Washing glasses.-Decanters, jugs and basins.-Cruet stand.-Tea and coffee urns. -Plate.-Breakfast.-Lunch.-Decanting wine.Dinner-table.-Cloth.-The side-board.-The sidetable. Dinner.-The first course removed.-Tea.Waiting. Getting ready for dinner.-An evening party. Tea and coffee.-Announcing names.-The supper table.-The kitchen meals.-Behaviour to fellow-servants.-Dress.-Behaviour to butlers.Shutting up the house.-Confidence and honesty.Market, paying bills, &c.-Answering bells, and opening the door.-Not at home.-On going out visiting. Knowing town.-Delivering and taking out cards.-Travelling.-Watering places.-Making up the fire.-Tapping the beer.-Holyday making. Improvement of time.-Religion.-On changing places, &c.

There is likewise an appendix containing rules for making blacking, cleaning furniture, taking out stains, mixing salads, warming beds, killing bugs, fleas, rats, and mice, &c.; with receipts for the cure of burns, scalds, colds, and tooth-aches, &c. &c. very needful things for those who live in retired situations, but which require a good deal of judg ment in the management. There is besides a table of priority, or precedence among ladies of rank, very useful for servants, and likely to prevent some very disagreeable blunders; also a table of expences, income, &c. and a calculation of posting.

The above list which we have given may direct the attention of servants to matters well worth their consideration. On a future occasion, we intend to give them some extracts; but those who wish to be

masters of all the subjects treated of, must procure the book itself. This publication may likewise be of use to masters and nistresses; shewing them what they may reasonably require of their servants, and teaching them what materials ought to be supplied, before they can expect their work to be done properly.

V.

"FRUGALITY IS AN ESTATE."

To the Editor of the Cottager's Monthly Visitor. SIR,

WHEN I was a little boy, my father who was a poor man, was in the habit of hearing me read. His own eyes were weak, and he could not therefore read much himself, and so he was very glad that I should read to him. I remember, as well as if it was yesterday, though it is now nearly thirty years ago, that as I was reading to him out of a book, and we came to this sentence,-" Frugality is an Estate," pray, father, said I, what does Frugality mean? Why, my boy, it means "being careful of our money." Well, but, said I, how can that be an Estate? If any body would leave me a few hundred pounds, I should call that an estate. But how can Frugality be an Estate? My father then said, "Suppose you try, Tom."-I said no more then, but went on with my reading. I remembered, however, the sentence; and I could never forget my father's words," suppose you try Tom." From that time, if I had any little job, and earned a trifle for my father, and had a few pence given me, to put into my own pocket, I never laid it out in things that were of no use; neither would I go, like some foolish lads, and lose it at pitch-and-toss; but I kept it by me, till my many littles soon came to a good deal; and then I was able to buy something seful with it. I remember the first thing I bought

was a pair of shoes; and I had ten-times more pleasure in getting these shoes than if my father had bought them for me; for I was glad to save him the expence, and I was a little proud besides, of buying my own shoes with my own money.

Next I got a hat, in the same way; then I often was able to buy a pair of stockings; and, at last, I got a suit of clothes, all out of my own savings. My father and mother both wished to encourage me to be careful; and, seeing that I was fit to be trusted, they were always willing to let me have a share of my earnings, which I was to call my own. Poor boys, when they get a few pence, will often spend them in sugar-plums and gingerbread, till their money is all gone; and I have often seen a boy, in ragged stockings, who would in a very few weeks spend as much money in nonsense as would have bought him a new pair. That I might not be tempted to spend my money, I used to get my mother to keep it for me, so that I had always money by me, besides being able to buy so many things that I wanted. I should tell you, besides, Sir, that when I had bought myself some new clothes, I was very careful in keeping them from being spoiled; for, when I knew the value of them, I was desirous of making them last as long as I could. One day, when I had got my best clothes on, my father said, "Why, Tom! instead of a poor boy, you look like a gentleman who has got an estate." Now, as I had got these clothes by my own frugality, I began a little to see the meaning of what I had read, that “ Frugality was an Estate."

When I grew to be a youth, and to work wholly for myself, I still made it as much my business to take care of my money as I did to earn it. It did seem to me so strange to see young men working all day for their money, and then throwing it away, like blockheads, at the Ale-house. These sort of lads never look neat and well dressed: they very

seldom have any money by them, and are always grumbling and complaining of being poor. They spend half they earn in drinking. Now that expence I saved; and in about ten years, I had got together about a hundred and twenty pounds, and I was then only about eight and twenty years of age. I wish there had been Saving-Banks in those days! I should then have got interest for my money, and so have been worth a great deal more! I was all this time much happier than any of those youths who had spent their money, whilst I was saving; I had always money at hand for whatever was needful; I had every thing comfortable about me; I was well clothed, and had a sufficiency of food; and, if I happened to be ill for a day or two, or had met with any accident so that I could not work, I did not feel as if I should starve, nor was I obliged to go a begging to the parish for relief. When I was about thirty years of age, I married. There was a young girl in the parish, that had lately had a little money left her; and, as I was known to have saved a trifle, the lads of the village used to say, that if I pleased I might have this Miss Skegs; but somehow I did not take a fancy to her, for she seemed conceited and flaunting, and fond of finery and extravagance; " and so," says I, "she is no wife for me." But there was a clever, tidy, girl, that I had known something of from a child; she had never any fondness for all that fine conceited sort of dressing that so many girls delight in now-a-days; and yet I thought there never was a neater, tidier-looking girl to be seen than Mary Williams. She had lived many years in the same place, in a very respectable family, where she had given great satisfaction, and was now come home for a little while to nurse her sick mother. Now, as I thought thirty years of age a good time to think of marrying, Í could not help fixing my mind on Mary. To be sure, said I, she has no estate like Miss Skegs, but

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then she is a careful, thoughtful, frugal girl; and Frugality is an Estate:" and, if Mary knows how to take care of what I have got, and what I may earn, she will be more of a fortune to me than an extravagant, careless girl with money, who would spend and waste a great deal more than she brought. Accordingly I made an offer to Mary, and when we became better acquainted she told me that she had laid by some money in service; for she had always thought it better to take care of what she earned than to spend it in expensive finery. married; and, I may say that we began the world as comfortably as any two people could do in our station of life. We took a neat cottage, and we were able to furnish it with good and useful things, and we had a garden to it besides, in which I worked in an evening; and this supplied us with plenty of good vegetables; and Mary was a capital manager and very cleanly, so that we had always something comfortable for dinner, and we always had it clean and neat. Mary had many little receipts for wholesome, nourishing dishes, which she could make up at very little expence, and she did not mind taking a little trouble for the sake of making things pleasant at home, so that I had no temptation to spend my time elsewhere, or to get into expense by going to the Alehouse. Mary was what I call a good Cottage Cook," and there are a great many very nourishing dishes which are very cheap, which poor people might have if they would take the trouble to learn the way of making them; and which, after you once get into the way of making them, are as easily prepared as a dish of tea. Mary besides never wasted any time in chattering and gossiping from house to house, and plaguing herself with other people's business: she had enough of her own, she said to attend to: at the same time, I will say for her, that if she could be of any use to any of her neighbours in sickness or distress, she was always

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