STEWART. Granting all that the phrenologist would wish me to believe, we hardly dare suspect that such discoveries in medicine will be made. The contiguity of the brain's organs, if such there are the close proximity of the several parts-the intimate alliance between them-the uniformity of the whole mass, scarcely leave us room to suppose that one medicine in particular would act upon one minute division, and another medicine on another division. PHRENOLOGIST. On the possibility of such discoveries being made I can offer nothing more than a conjectural theory; but that an organ, however intimately interwoven it may be with others, may be affected without those contiguous to it being operated upon in the same way, is indisputable. The nerves of sensation and motion run in the same sheath: they are affected differently, but it is mechanical only. We know of no medicine that will affect one in particular. The various systems of vessels, circulating, exhaling, secreting, and absorbing, are all intimately blended together, while each may be specifically influenced without the other being affected, or participating in a sensible degree in the effect wrought upon it. If there are different organs in the brain, each manifesting a different function, we suppose, as a matter of necessity, the economy of each to be different, and consequently liable to be affected differently. We perceive no essential difference, it is true, nor do we any between the nerve of motion and that of feeling. Experience teaches us that they have diversified functions, and reason points at the probability of their being different in structure*. * There is sometimes reason in madness. A poor maniac in Bedlam, on being questioned, ill-naturedly and tauntingly, why he was there, replied, "Because God has deprived me of a blessing which you never enjoyed." This was in the daily papers of the first year of this century. COLLOQUY VII. STEWART. You say there is an organ of acquisitiveness, situated a little in front of the ear in a line with the angle of the eyebrow. Phrenology offers to the world but little advantage in this respect; for we need not know that a certain part of the head is full or large, to know that the faculty exists. A coveting propensity-a desire to acquire and accumulate whatsoever may be regarded as property in the common acceptation of the term, is not only the ruling feature of this faculty, but of the world, and more particularly the civilized portion of it. The love of ease, of refinement, of voluptuousness in its great variety of characters, must, of course, make a great demand upon that source which is alone capable of supplying it. partakes of every thing that relates to property. If we have not riches, we have not the means wherewith to obtain the much-desired objects which administer to our pleasures, forbidden or not. We love money, in general, in so far as it is able to satisfy our wants, which may be, and commonly are, of the most extravagant kind. This extravagance in our desires produces that rivalry between families and societies for pre-eminence, and all that ostentatiousness in persons who are not able to bear the expences which it incurs. · This PHRENOLOGIST. There must be something radically wrong in the mind, for such a bias to prevail. If a value were not set upon money which neither reason nor religion can warrant or approve, this desire of vain-glory would scarcely take possession of the world. We may love gorgeousness and splendour for their own sakes, for there is an innate faculty of the mind which delights in sublimity; but were the affections pure, and the intellect wise, they would not be used to pamper to our lusts, and to excite that great degree of rivalry in the human breast which they so powerfully do. This rivalry, this wish to attain whatever is great in a worldly point of view, proceeds, of course, from pride and vanity. Money is required that it may minister to the ambitious and unruly longings of these faculties; when man is humble, the love of money usually escapes him. He sees its use consists only in supplying whatsoever is necessary to satisfy our rational wants-that it cannot purchase wisdom nor piety. If he seek for worldly power and grandeur, and be subject to all the torments of an envious heart-for love of this kind of power and grandeur is sure to inspire both rivalry and envy-he must look for money. STEWART. By looking on money above its real and intrinsic value, an evil is entailed upon man to which we scarce dare assign any limits; and if evil, then unhappiness, for a covetous desire can never purchase felicity. The use of property being overrated, of which pride is doubtless both the remote and essential cause, contributes in no inconsiderable degree to the ruin of a people. What soever money could provide, was with avidity sought after by the eastern nations in early days. They sought only for luxury, voluptuousness, gorgeousness, and power. They attained these things; and no sooner had they attained them, which they did almost to satiety, than spoliation and ruin spread forth their blighting wings, and swept all their overreachings from the face of the earth. PHRENOLOGIST. I have, Sir, always looked upon it as a sign of the most corrupt state of society, when the importance, and consequence, and intrinsic worth of a man is measured by the wealth he possesses. A man may possess nothing in common with his fellow-creatures in rank, in wisdom, or in any grace that really dignifies his species; he may be low in birth, and low in education, and low in principle, and without genius, and yet if he has money, and can live in splendour, he finds a passport to the highest circles. Whatever betokens riches is a sure avenue to the heart of man. Wherever there is a stream running to a golden land-it matters little what impurities flow in the under current-on that man will embark. The conciliating airs of the needy man to the rich, without respect to virtue or rank, as though wealth conferred all that was noble, is another evil in society which ought to be borne down. The pleasure experienced by the opulent in these tokens of reverence and courtesy is gratifying to the vanity; and the means which furnish such a source of homage, thus pleasing, are in consequence the more noticed. I say nothing of the degradation and littleness attending this supercilious homage; for the thing, to every mind elevated by sentiment and wisdom, speaks for itself. The indigent person, whose circum |