1834, 4to., pp. 34), so it may be assumed that it came into his hands subsequently to 1834. I have not yet been able to discover whether it has hitherto remained unpublished. A comparison of some facsimiles shows that the Fitz-Alan letter, Harl. MS. 284, 9, is, unlike the above, only signed by the earl. Such, too, is the case with Vesp. F. xiii. 82, which some think was written by his grandfather, Earl Thomas. The signature only is facsimiled in another example, given in plate 20 of Nichols's Autographs of Royal, Noble, and Learned Personages, London, 1829. That was taken from Calig. B. vii. 404, and it agrees with the signature of the present letter.

In conclusion, I may remark that the letter now printed shows that the storm which was to break over the head of Arundel, and to lead to his fine and imprisonment at the beginning of 1550 (see King Edward's Diary, Jan. 1549/50), was already lowering in the spring of 1549. It would be agreeable to discover, if possible, what was Carden's imputed offence in connexion with Scotland. And was Carden a dependent of the great earl? If so, he may have run the risk of such imprisonment as befell others in that position on Nov. 8, 1551, when, as Edward VI. relates in his Diary, "The erle of Arondell was committed to the Tower, with Mr. J. Straodley and S. Albon his men, because Crane did more and more confess of him." FREDK. HENDRIKS.

28, Linden Gardens, W.

AN IMPORTANT ERROR OF DATE IN THE "EPISTOLE HO-ELIANE."- Perhaps you will think it worth while to preserve in permanent form in the pages of "N. & Q." the following interesting observations, which I have extracted from a long and able review, appearing in the Western Mail, Nov. 29, of a new work entitled Glamorganshire Worthies, just issued from the private printing-press of Mr. G. T. Clark, F.S.A., of Dowlais House. In dealing with the author's life of the Elizabethan admiral Sir Robert Mansel, the reviewer says, inter alia :—

1618.' But is this not a mistake? Howell left England in 1618; for on April 1 of that year he may be found writing from Amsterdam, where he says he had 'newly landed,' to 'my brother, after Dr. Howell, and now Bishop of Bristol.' It is quite clear that the letter to Dr. Francis Mansell, quoted by Mr. Clark, was not written until after Howell's return from abroad, because we find him, in the very first sentence, saying, 'I am return'd safe from my foreign Employment, from my three years Travel,' &c. Mr. Clark having himself told usHowell was abroad from 1618 to 1621,' it will be seen that this letter to Dr. Mansel could not have been written in the same year as that in which his first letter, dated 1st March, 1618, Broad Street,' was written, explaining his business to his father. As we have already observed, in the printed collection this letter to Dr. Francis Mansel is dated 'in the same year,' and for that matter the same month, and it was, no doubt, Mr. Clark's adoption of the printed date which led him to believe and to say that both letters were written in the same year. Whether the wrong date was due to a fault of the printer or the editor of the collection or to Howell himself, it is impossible to say. As likely as not it was Howell's, for a great many of the letters were written up to order to satisfy the necessity the author was under for making up a book-a practice since become very It is just the sort of mistake an author would, under such common in France, and, we are afraid, in England also. circumstances, be likely to commit, and when we consider, further, that this letter begins a fresh division of the work, with a long vista of printer's demands in perspective, a still greater probability attaches to the correctness of our surmise.' JAHASH.

LINES ON A STATUE.-I do not know whether many readers of "N. & Q." have lately seen the following lines, which are quoted from The New relate to one of the best public statues in London: Foundling Hospital for Wit, 1786, vi. 222, and "On a black marble Statue of a Slave standing in one of the Inns of Court.

"In vain, poor sable son of woe,

Thou seek'st a tender ear;
In vain thy tears with anguish flow,
For mercy dwells not here.
From cannibals thou fly'st in vain;
Lawyers less quarter give;

The first won't eat you till you 're slain,
The last will dɔ't alive."

0.

"At this point we come to an interesting literary difficulty-one which, as far as we are aware, has never been noticed before, and out of which, it is possible, Mr. Clark may help us. In the same year' (1618), Mr. Clark is found saying, 'he [Howell] writes to Dr. Manse!, probably from London'; and then follows an extract, rather too long to quote, from Howell's letter with refer ence to his own and Sir Robert's glass-making affairs. Now it is quite true that this letter from Howell To Dr, Fr, Mansel, at All Souls, in Oxford,' is dated '5 Mar.

Night of his Night Thoughts, uses the word distressed in a somewhat peculiar sense, as if it were "Driven by equivalent to the nautical phrase, stress of weather": "Though the distrust of futurity is a strange error; yet it is an error into which bad men may naturally be distressed. For it is impossible to bid defiance to final ruin without some refuge in imagination, some presumption of escape." The senses of the verb given in Latham-Johnson, viz., "Harass, make miserable, crush with calamity," do not seem quite applicable to the above extract. "Driven by circumstances," as a vessel by the force of winds, or "stress of weather," seems more exactly to have

Dignare in tempore isto sine infestatione Gallina* et Turcarum nos custodire.

Miserere nostri, potens Rex, miserere nostri.

Fiat vindicta nostra super Gallos et Turcas quem admodum speravimus in te.

In te semper speravimus, non confundemur in æternum. R. H. BUSK.

"MALUS UBI BONUM SE SIMULAT TUNC EST PESSIMUS."-The sentence "Malus ubi bonum se

royall,

By VVilfride Holme vnlearned, simply combined...... In Huntingdon in Yorkshire commorant patrimonial." F. J. FURNIVALL.

SECOND CENTENARY OF THE LIBERATION OF VIENNA FROM THE TURKS.-On occasion of the late celebration of this event in Rome and Austria I received the following curious old paraphrase of the Te Deum, which it seems that at the moment of what was felt to be essentially a victory of Christianity it was not thought profane to address to the leader of it-John Sobieski. It has lately been found in the Vatican archives :Te Polonum laudamus, te strenuum confitemur. Te æternum bellatorem omnis Ecclesiæ veneratur.

:

Tibi omnes Christi fideles, tibi Veneti et Italica po

testates;

Tibi Pontifex et Cæsar incessabili voce proclamant; Fortis, fortis, fortis Rex Poloniæ

Pleni sunt cæli et terra multitudine virtutis tuæ.

Te imperii electorum chorus, te bellatorum laudabilis

numerus.

Te ecclesiasticus laudat exercitus, te per Orbem terrarum auxiliatorem Sancta confitetur Ecclesia,

Patrem immensæ fortitudinis.
Venerandum verum tuum filium.
Sanctum quoque auxilium tuum.
Tu Rex gloriæ Catholicorum.
Tu Cæsaris semper auxiliator.

Tu ad liberandam Viennam non horruisti pericula

mortis.

Tu devicto Turcarum aculeo aperuisti portas letitiæ. Tu ad dexteram sedes Cæsaris in civitate liberata. Judex Turcarum crederis esse persecuturus.

when he pretends to be a saint," occurs among Bacon's "Ornamenta Rationalia; or, Elegant Sentences" (The Essays of Lord Bacon, including his Moral and Historical Works, "Chandos Classics," p. 111).

The verse is 1. 181 of Publii Syri Sententiæ, p. 19, Anclam., 1838:-" Malus bonum ubi se simulat, tunc est pessimus."

The line has received another notice still. Ven. Bede, in his Proverbiorum Liber, takes it for one of his sentences, as follows: "Malus ubi se simulat bonum, ibi est pessimus" (Opp., t. ii. p. 293, Basil, 1563).

The sentiment agrees with St. Augustine's "Simulata æquitas non est æquitas sed duplex iniquitas" (in Ps. lxiii., Opp., tom. viii. col. 650a, Basil., 1560).

Having lately seen an inquiry for the line above, but not remembering in what place, I beg to offer these references through "N. & Q." ED. MARSHALL.

A NORTHAMPTONSHIRE SAYING.-The following lines have been current in Northamptonshire (and perhaps elsewhere) for upwards of a century:

"As tall as your knee, they are pretty to see; As tall as your head, they wish you were dead." It is almost needless to add that the lines refer to E. WALFORD, M.A.

one's children.

2, Hyde Park Mansions, N.W.

weeks or two months ago I was favoured by a communication from a gentleman whose letter I have unfortunately mislaid, and whose name I cannot recall, but who kindly offered to place at my disposal certain published references to my father, collected by him as materials for a biography of the late Lord Lytton, which he had abandoned on hearing that I was myself engaged upon the same task. The loss of my correspondent's letter has deprived me of the means of privately communicating my thanks to him for

Eterna fac cum sanctis quiete numerari.

Salva populum catholicum et maledic gallica inquie

tudini.

Et desere eos et opprime illos usque in æternum.
Per singulos dies benedicimus te.

Et laudamus nomen Poloniæ in sæculum et in sæculum sæculi.

again on the subject of it. If, therefore, you will wishes a place in your columns, the service will be be so good as to accord to this expression of my gratefully appreciated. LYTTON.

17, Hill Street, W.

*Louis XIV, was on the side of the Turks.

BATTLE OF SEDGEMOOR, 1685.-Some curious words occur in Roberts's Life of the Duke of Monmouth (1844, vol. ii. p. 50), which perhaps MR. WEAVER has already explained. I missed his earlier notices. The duke marched from Bridgewater by the Causeway, with Chedzoy on his right, down Bradney Lane to Peasy Farm, with Bawdripp, at the foot of Polden Hill, on his left. The rhines on North Moor were crossed by steanings, old Bussex Rhine by Penzoy Pound, being close to Weston-soyland, and Middlezoy being about two miles off. After the battle twenty-two prisoners were at once hanged, four of them in gemmaces, i. e. chains, from the branches of a large tree at Bussex. The same author, in his History of Lyme Regis (1834, p. 182), says that "connected with the Guildhall is the gaol, which has received the singular name of Cockenwhile, a mode of pronouncing cockmoile which has reference to cockcrowing and labour," and he then asks if cockenwhile may not be a corruption of coquinaille, a pack of thieves. May it?

EDWARD MALAN.

Brittany, signed P. (or F.) Ford, and dated 1845. I shall be obliged for any information about this artist, if his works are well known or considered of value, &c. J. L. McC.

COUNTESS FAMILY.-I shall be much obliged to any of your readers who will, through the medium of your paper, give any information as to the name and antecedents of a family of Huguenots the members of which, escaping from France on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, were forced by a storm upon the coast of Ireland, where they landed, taking the name of Countess. One of their descendants, Admiral George Countess, died about the beginning of this century. His crest was a demi-lion starting from a crown, his arms three harts' horns. I do not know whether these were the original crest and arms of this family, or whether they were adopted after the change of name. A LADY.

MASCOLL OF PLUMSTED.-In "A Booke of Fishing with Hooke and Line......made by L. M," (usually taken to be Leonard Mascall), and printed by John Wolfe in 1590, the writer, speaking of the carp, says : "The first bringer of them into England (as I have beene credibly enformed) was maister Mascoll, of Plumsted, in Sussex, who also brought first the planting of the pippin in England." Is anything now to be learned of this Mascoll, who, if the above statement be correct, must have lived in the middle of the fifteenth century? THO. SATCHELL.

Downshire Hill, N.W.

FLEMISH SEPULCHRAL BRASSES.-Some time ago I picked up, among some miscellaneous archæological plates exposed for sale, one headed as above, and representing a female figure in a costume generally similar to those on the Braunche or

Peacock" brass at Lynn. This is described as being the "Effigy of Margriete, wife of Willem Wenemaer. She died September, 1352." The engraving is by R. B. Utting, and the size of the plate octavo. Can any of your readers inform me where the brass is from which the above was taken, or give me any description of it? V. M.

ABRAHAM SMITH, RECTOR OF GREAT COTES, LINCOLNSHIRE. —I shall be greatly obliged to any of your readers who will help me to the record of the baptism of the above-named clergyman (the probable date is 1579), or for any other information as to his birth and parentage. The following facts are known concerning him: Graduated at St. John's, Cambridge, B.A., 1600; M.A., 1604; appointed Vicar of Winterton, 1604/5; Rector of West Halton, 1611/12; ejected from living on the suit of the Bishop of Norwich, 1614; appointed Vicar of Burton-on-Stather, 1614; Rector of Great Cotes, 1624; died 1651/2; will

proved April 6, 1652. He leaves "my body to be buried in the Chauncel of Great Cotes wyth my wife." Is there any record of a monument or inscription extant? His wife Elizabeth was executrix; and he bequeaths the "Crane House" in Grimsby, and a house in Great Grimsby. His first wife's name was Elizabeth or Elsibeth. His descendants have borne arms, Ar., a chevron sa. between three roses gules, the same as those of William Smyth, a member of the family of Smyth of Cuerdley, Lancashire, who was Bishop of Lincoln, and a founder of Brazenose College, obiit 1513/14. N. C. SMITH.

Braxton Cottage, Freshwater, Isle of Wight.

"ROAST-BEEF."-In the play-going days of my boyhood, the occupants of the one-shilling gallery used to show their impatience for the performance to begin by shouting to the orchestra, "Music! Nosey! Roast-beef! I lately met with this last word in a passage from one of Horace Walpole's letters, quoted in Rockstro's Life of Handel, 1883, p. 269. Writing from Arlington Street, Feb. 24, 1743, Walpole says, "Handel has set up an oratorio against the opera, and succeeds. He has hired all the goddesses from the farces, and the singers of roast-beef from between the acts at both theatres." What is the meaning of "roastbeef" in this passage?

JAYDEE.

OGIER LE DANOIS.-That Thomas of Erceldoun's fairy adventures have an intimate connexion with those of Ogier le Danois is certain from each of them taking his fay to be the Virgin Mary. The poem of Les Visions d'Oger dans le Royaulme de Faerie would, perhaps, illustrate this connexion, and might even show Ogier to have been as good a prophet as Thomas. That poem is spoken of by Brunet as being in the National Library at Paris; but it cannot be found there now, and of several copies once known none can now be traced. Should any of your readers know of a copy being in England or elsewhere, or be able to describe the contents of the poem, the information would be useful. F. J. CHILD.

Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

A SILVER MEDAL.-Can any one give me any information about a medal of the following description? On the reverse is the inscription:

REVOLUTION JUBILEE, Davies, round the edge, and NOVR. 4TH, 1788, in the centre; on the obverse, the head of William III. to right, with the legend GULIELMUS III DEI GRATIA, 1688. The piece is rather larger and thinner than a shilling, with an ornamental edge, and is made of copper, silverplated. "Davies " is, I presume, the name of the issuer. I should be glad to know what were the circumstances of this centenary, and whether it was common in the eighteenth century to observe centenaries. F. HAVERFIELD.

Bath College.

-At a

MARRIAGE CUSTOM AT WHITBURN. marriage which recently took place at Whitburn, co. Durham, the bride and bridegroom as they left the church received an ovation. An old custom of giving hot-pots was kept up. There were half a dozen steaming compounds of brandy, ale, sugar, eggs, spices, &c., in the church porch. Of this the bride and bridesmaids partook, and the remainder was handed to the congregated group of thirsty souls. What is known of the origin of this custom? EVERARD HOME COLEMAN.

SONG WANTED. furnish the words of a song, current about 1830, Can any of your readers which deserves to be placed on record? The title may have been "My Home is the World." The first words were, "Speed, speed, my fleet vessel," and the last two lines were:

"Speed, speed, my fleet vessel, the sails are unfurled; O ask me not whither! My home is the world.” The idea is that a traveller comes home over the sea only to find all his friends dead, and to form the same resolve as Tennyson's Ulysses, of again trying the fortunes of a wandering life. There

"THE BRITISH SOLDIER'S GRAVE."-This song has been sung by the boys in the parish since last Whitsuntide; but I cannot find one who knows the whole of it. Can any of your readers tell me its author, and where I can find it?

Albury, Ware.

M.A.Oxon.

who died in 1712 as major-general in the army and governor of Limerick? The date of the commission is that of Monmouth's rebellion, at which time several regiments of horse were raised, and several troops added to existing regiments. But I have failed to find the name of Thomas Fairfax

as commanding a troop in either of these ways; yet that he did command a troop seems certain from the wording of the commission. KILLIGREW.

C. T. WILSON, Lieut.-Col.

MONTENEGRO.-I shall be much obliged for any information as to what books, magazines, or reviews contain an account of the history and of the past and present social and economical condition of Montenegro. JACOBUS.

"OPEN WEATHER."-When is it correct to use this expression? I thought till recently that there was no question in the matter; but having then been informed that it only applies to wet weather, i.e., when the heavens are open, I feel put upon inquiry. J. C.

BLUE-DEVILS.-Can any one give me the origin of the word blue-devils? I have travelled much amongst the Buddhists, with whom the devil is painted a deep blue. W. E. M.

THOMAS LEVER.-Can any reader give me any particulars of the parentage, date, and place of birth (in Lancashire) of Thomas Lever, Master of St. John's College, Cambridge, appointed Master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham, in 1562? Any particulars of him previous to 1550 would oblige. I do not require references to Mr. Arber's reprint.

J. P. H. THOMAS FAIRFAX.-I have before me a commission, dated June 20, 1685, of an officer in the troop of horse commanded by Capt. Thomas Fairfax. Who was this Fairfax ? Not the Thomas who became sixth Baron Fairfax, settled in Virginia, and died unmarried in 1782, leaving the title to be established by the descendants, in another line, of his ancestor Henry Fairfax, of Oglethorpe, who died 1665, by which branch, also settled in Virginia, the barony is held to the present day. Was he the Thomas Fairfax-| younger son of Sir William Fairfax, Knt., of Sleeton, slain before Montgomery Castle 1644

well (see Hunter, South Yorkshire, vol. i. p. 133)? I have looked through the pedigrees of the Bosvile family in Hunter's South Yorkshire, but I have not found any connexion. I have also examined vol. lxxxv. of the Chetham Society for the Greenhalgh family with the same result. THOS. HARGREAVES.

AUTHORS OF BOOKS WANTED."Memoirs of an Unfortunate Young Nobleman Re

turn'd from a Thirteen Years Slavery in America, Where Cruel Uncle. A Story founded on Truth, and address'd he had been sent by the Wicked Contrivances of his equally to the Head and Heart. London, Printed for J. Freeman in Fleetstreet; and sold by the Booksellers in Town and Country. 1743.

Replies.

JOHN R. WODHAMS.

THE ALDINE ANCHOR.
(6th S. viii. 426; ix. 54.)

The Aldine anchor is, perhaps, the most celebrated of all printers' marks. It is singularly graceful in design, eminently characteristic of the distinguished scholar who first adopted it, and is affixed to a series of works which contributed more than those of any single printer or family of printers to the progress of learning and literature in Europe. The origin of the mark and the earliest book in which it appeared are, therefore, matters of considerable interest, and statements more or less inaccurate, and showing a very imperfect knowledge either of the books themselves or of what has been written on the subject, are constantly cropping up in the pages of "N. & Q." and other literary and bibliographical periodicals.

One of your correspondents announces the discovery of an Aldine Philostratus containing the anchor, dated 1501, and thus earlier than the little Dante of 1502, for which, the writer says, "the anchor is usually said to have been first used.” Another writer puts forward the claim of the