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They came from Boulogne together for that purpose. The lady is about seventeen years of age." Also, vol. lx. p. 83: "- Bridgham, Esq., formerly of Boston, late of Prince of Wales American Regiment, to Miss Nichols, only daughter of Nichols, Esq., of Devonshire, Oct. 9, 1789." I am extremely anxious to affix, through the descendants of these Bridghams, some links in the still earlier branches of the family, which was here at an early date in 1644. Boston, Mass.

H. P. POOR.

SIR HENRY HAYES. Mrs. Farrer, in her Recollections of Seventy Years, p. 107, mentions Sir Henry Brown Hayes, who ran off with a Miss Penrose, of Cork, about 1811." This is an error; it was Miss Pike, not Miss Penrose. The young heiress was of an amatory disposition. After a flirtation with Mr. Cleburne, of the Bank, a connexion of her father's, she excited the attention of such a host of fortune-hunters, that, to save further trouble, Sir Henry ran off with her. He was tried before Justice Day at Cork Assizes in 1801. Perhaps some correspondent will favour me with a copy of the ballad of which, I think, the first stanza was,

"Sir Henry kissed, Sir Henry kissed,
Sir Henry kissed the Quaker;
And what if he did, you ugly thing?
I'm sure he did not ate her.'

VIATOR.

"CASTLE FOGGIES."-" My company is now forming into an invalid company. Tell your grandmother we will be like the castle foggies" (extract from a letter in my possession, written by an fficer from Harwich to his son at Edinburgh, April 5, 1821). Cf. “N. & Q.,” 1st S. viii. 154, where there are some interesting remarks on this term for the Edinburgh veterans by J. L. I wish to know the etymology of foggy used in this sense. A. L. MAYHEW. ARCHBISHOP'S BARGE.-Where can I see a picture of the archbishop's barge, which was formerly moored at Lambeth Stairs ? SENEX.

"ITINERARY" OF RICHARD OF CIRENCESTER.-I see it stated that the Itinerary of Richard of Cirencester has been proved to be a forgery. I shall be obliged by being referred to the evidence.

R. W. C. HALSAKER, BOYNACLE, AND SATRISTON.-Can any one tell me whether the above names, which occur in the parish registers of St. Mary's Church, Dover, in the seventeenth century, are of Dutch or foreign origin? CONSTANCE RUSSELL. Swallowfield Park, Reading.

“VITA DI OLIVIERO CROMVELLE."—I have just picked up an Italian life of Cromwell, entitled Historia e Memorie recondite sopra alla Vita di Oliviero Cromvelle, scritto da Gregorio Letti,

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THE PRISONER OF GISORS.-Who was he? This query has appeared twice in "N. & Q." (3rd S. i. 329; 4th S. iv. 514). I think no answer has been given. I contribute the little information I possess in the hope of obtaining more. I have an engraving with this title from a picture by Wehnert, published by the Art Union in 1848. In the left-hand bottom corner it has the following explanatory note: "Every one at Gisors has heard of the unknown criminal, whom state reasons, now forgotten, immured alive in that tomb, which is still called the Prisoner's Tower, where he has perpetuated his memory in bas-reliefs, executed, it is said, with a nail on that part of the wall where the solitary sunbeam which entered his cell enabled him to see his work" (Nodier, Normandie, ii. 141). The prisoner is seen at work on a representation of the Crucifixion. Above it he has shaped the words, "O Mater Dei, miserere mei Pontani." T. G.

CHARLES BANNISTER.-According to report, Charles Bannister, the father of Jack Bannister, was born in Gloucestershire in 1738. I shall be much obliged for precise information, if such is obtainable. URBAN.

AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED.— "Ecce Britannorum mos est laudabilis iste, Ut bibat arbitrio pocula quisque suo." R. G. DAVIS. "First you must creep along, then up and go; The proudest old Pope was a Cardinal low. First be a courtier, and next be a king; The more the hoop's bent, so much higher the spring." CHAS. A. PYNE. "Dreams are the interlude which fancy makes; When monarch Reason sleeps, this mimic wakes, Compounds a medley of disjointed things, A court of cobblers, or a mob of kings."

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WOODEN TOMBS AND EFFIGIES.

(1st S. vii. 528, 607; viii. 19, 179, 255, 454, 604; ix. 17, 62, 111, 457; 6th S. vii. 377, 417, 451; viii. 97, 337, 357, 398.)

There are four wooden effigies in the parish church of Clifton Reynes, in Bucks. I do not know whether they have been fully described, but, as I saw them and took notes of them this summer (1883), it may be convenient to state their present condition; and I here transcribe my brief notes almost literally, retaining a (?) as to doubtful points, for the figures are much worn, though they are in fair preservation. The four figures consist of two pairs, each pair a knight and his dame. All of them are recumbent; they are of small size, not much more than five feet long.

First pair, somewhat the earlier and ruder. -No. 1, Plain round helm (no vizor) and circlet; chain mail (?) on the arms; breastplate over surcoat; chain mail on the legs, which are crossed; feet on a (hound?) couchant; head on a diagonal cushion; right arm drawing sword. No. 2 (separate from No. 1, but adjoining it), Lady in hood and wimple and long narrow gown; hands held up in prayer, head on diagonal cushion, feet on hound couchant.

Second pair.-No. 3, Plain round helm, no vizor or circlet; surcoat of threefold thickness, the lower edge of the inmost fold plaited, and that of the outermost fold embattled; chain mail (?) on the arms and legs; legs crossed; blank shield on the left arm; right arm drawing sword, but the sword is gone; feet on a (hound?) couchant; head on a square cushion; whole figure much wormed. No. 4 (separate from No. 3, but adjoining it), Lady in hood and wimple, &c., as No. 2; head on diagonal cushion.

Nos. 1 and 2 lie side by side, only a foot or so above the floor level, under a plain arched recess in the north wall of the north (which is the only) aisle of the chancel. Nos. 3 and 4 lie side by side under one of the south arches of the same aisle, upon a lofty base of stone, decorated on three sides with quatrefoils and coats of arms. There are five of these shields, each different, of course, from the others, and most of them showing the alliances of one family. I regret that I had not time to take down the blazons. Under the other and easternmost of the two south arches is a third tomb, richer and later, whereon lie the figures, in alabaster, of a knight of the same family and his

dame.

It may be added that each of the four wooden figures is, so far as I could judge, of oak, and is hollow underneath, and portable, insomuch that a strong man might readily shoulder it and carry it off.

To me the chief interest about them is that they

show, or seem to show, that in earlier as in later centuries a man was represented on his tomb in armour which he can seldom have worn in his lifetime, and with his legs crossed, though he probably never took the cross; for it would appear that the two wooden knights (and, indeed, the alabaster one also) were members of an undistinguished family named Reynes, who came from Statherne, in Leicestershire, and acquired by marriage the principal manor - there were two manors Clifton, in the latter part of the thirteenth century. They held it in the male line till 1556. Joan Borard, who brought this manor into the family, was a descendant of William de Borard, who in William I.'s time held the manor under Robert de Todeni, and whose descendant, Simon de Borard, acquired it in capite from Henry III. after it had been forfeited by William de Albini in the reign

of John.

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This quiet rural parish of Clifton Reynes has at least three points of contact with the old-fashioned glories of England. First, it, or part of it, belonged, as I have said, to the distinguished house of De Todeni and De Albini. Secondly, the eminent Serjeant Maynard bought the manor and estate in 1672, and was lord of it till his death. Thirdly, Cowper's friend and would be sweetheart, Lady Austen, lived there, while Cowper lived just across the river at Olney.

I am indebted for some of the foregoing facts, especially for those concerning the families of Borard and Reynes, to a little monograph on Clifton Reynes, which was written in 1821 by the Rev. Ed. Cooke, Rector of Haversham, Bucks. Mr. Cooke gives no account of the figures which I have numbered 1 and 2. Figure 3, he says, represents Ralph de Reynes, who died "before the year 1310." If so, figure 4 is presumably one of Ralph's two wives, who were, according to Mr. Cooke, Amabel, daughter of Sir Henry Green, of Boughton, Northants, by Catharine, daughter of Sir John de Drayton; and Amabel, daughter of Sir Richard Chamberlain, of Petso. The two alabaster figures are, says Mr. Cooke, those of John Reynes, who died in 1428, and of his first wife, Catherine Scudamore.

The MS. of Mr. Cooke's monograph was handed by him to his friend the Rev. William Talbot, Rector of Clifton Reynes, with a written request that it might go down to future rectors "with the registers of the parish." Mr. Talbot, who died in 1832, had the MS. bound, and it has been duly passed on to his successors. The present rector has wisely had it printed (as a pamphlet of twentythree pages), and is, I believe, prepared to send a copy to any one who will furnish one shilling or upwards towards the works of repair which have just been done-honestly and of necessity, so far as an outsider may presume to judge-at the parish church.

A. J. M.

which he had copied out. If MR. TEW is still to the fore, who wrote to "N. & Q.," 4th S. vi. 567, dating from Patching, Arundel, he would aid this investigation by stating what sort of book is The Portfolio, which is his authority for the statement that an autobiography exists. I cannot find it in the only book with that title in the Brit. Mus.

I do not know whether MR. MARKHAM has included in his list the three elm figures in the Oglander Chapel, Brading Church, Isle of Wight, of members of that family. If not, the following description may be of service to those interested in the subject. The most ancient of the three represents a life-size male figure, in complete plate armour (fifteenth century), reclining on its side, Mr. Walford, Tales of our Great Families, with the face turned to the right, the head leaning first series, vol. i. p. 172, in a story entitled "The on the hand. The second is a small figure, almost Wooing of Sir Heneage Finch," says the said story a counterpart of the first, about, I should say, is taken from one of the old MSS. preserved twenty-four inches long. The third is a life-size among the archives of the Surrenden Derings, a figure, in half armour, recumbent, temp. James I. Sir Ed. Dering having been a suitor for the hand or Elizabeth, wearing a ruff, the head bare, and the of the same lady as Sir Heneage Finch. If the hands raised in the attitude of prayer. They all Derings have such a great collection of MSS., persurmount altar tombs, and the two larger have haps the autobiography may still be discovered their feet to the east end of the chapel. The among them. Finally Mr. Gwynne informs us smaller was placed, I think, when I saw it, north that besides the register entry there are two other and south, under the east window. The chapel, local traditions of Rd. Plantagenet at Eastwell. together with the church, had lately been restored, but not spoilt, and the figures had been repainted in accordance with the remains of the old colours found on them (after removing whitewash and other abominations), by the order of Lady Oglander. I regret I did not take a note of the inscriptions. E. T. EVANS. 63, Fellows Road, South Hampstead.

A FORMER ROYAL INHABITANT AT EASTWELL (6th S. viii. 103, 192, 251).-Since my previous notes on this subject I have had an obliging communication from the Rev. Gorges E. Gwynne, the present rector of Eastwell, and I think it will be interesting to many readers to know from so authentic a source that the exact wording and spelling (hitherto variously quoted) of the entry under discussion are, "Año domini: 1550 Rychard Plantagenet was buryed the xxij's daye of Desembor, Anno di supra," and that the register containing it, dating from 1538 (but he believes copied about sixty years later*), is still extant and in good condition. With regard to the "banker's tick" against this and other names in the register, which Mr. P. Parsons (Mr. Gwynne's predecessor) and Burn (History of Parish Reg., 1829, p. 115) suppose to denote noble birth, I think Mr. Gwynne's suggestion will be allowed to be much more probable, viz. that it was simply put there by some one of the Finch family to mark off entries interesting to himself

*He says the ink is so faded that he cannot make sure if the day is xxii or xxix. He further tells us that this register is interesting for containing the Solemn League and Covenant, the Protestation, the Vow and Covenant, 1642-3, with the original signatures of the parishioners; also a list of the rectors, beginning, oddly enough, at the year 1550. It has further the entry of Sir Thos. Moyle's burial, Oct. 2, 1560. In 1804 this register was produced at the bar of the House of Lords on occasion of the claim of Lord Fitzgerald and Sir H. Hunlock to the barony of Ross.

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1. There is a tomb of Bettenden marble, under a sepulchral arch on the north side of the chancel, where, according to popular belief, his remains were laid. This is, perhaps, of too early a date to justify the tradition.* Mr. Gwynne says that Canon Scott Robertson, the well-known secretary of the Kent Archaeological Society, objects to its being considered his (as Hasted did consider it) because among the brasses of which it has been stripped appear to have been four small scrolls, probably bearing the prayer "Jesu, mercy; Lady, help," which would not have been used in Ed. VI.'s reign. (Some antiquarian contributors will perhaps tell us whether such scrolls had so utterly fallen into disuse by 1550 that this should be final.) Canon Robertson seems also inclined to object to the register entry because he says there was no such name as Plantagenet in the sixteenth century. But surely the register is sufficient to prove that there was this one instance of it.

2. There are at Eastwell an ancient cottage (inhabited by the estate carpenter) and a disused well, both of which still retain the name of Plantagenet.

I cannot pass over a very ingenious piece of criticism sent me by Mr. D. J. Stewart, who remarks that the first printed edition of Horace with date was in 1474, and asks whether there was time for the book to become well known in England. This, I feel bound_to allow, there hardly was as, according to The Parallel, Richard parted with his "Latin schoolmaster of Lutterworth" only ten years later. At the same time it seems to me not improbable that just because the book was rare this master, whose taste for classic writers" is specially mentioned,

There is, however, a large altar tomb to Sir Thomas Moyle on the south side of the chancel, which may have been so placed to correspond with one erected by him to Rd. Plantagenet.

should have chosen it as a parting gift to one who
might have come to be acknowledged as the king's
son, nor that Richard should have prized it, both
for its rarity and for the giver's sake, to the end of
his days.
R. H. BUSK.

"66

DATES ON FONTS (6th S. viii. 188, 432).—The font here, at Chapel Allerton, bears an inscribed date, and is of somewhat curious design. The original base has disappeared, but the shaft and bowl remain; the whole is very rudely carved in stone; so much so that inexperienced critics have at times supposed that the shaft is a piece of Saxon work, appropriated in later times to its Dic-present use; this, however, is not the case. The bowl of the font is octagonal externally, and is sloped out angularly from the shaft. In the compartment now facing the east is a rude representation of three rose branches with three roses, the two side branches slanting in either direction from that in the centre. In the compartment to the north of this there is a rudely carved fleur de lys, and in that to the south a thistle. The other five compartments are filled with nondescript designs of no significance. Round the upper portion of the outside of the bowl is a flat rim, about two inches in depth, and along this, beginning on the side now facing the south, is very rudely carved in raised letters (some of the h's being sideways for want of room), the following inscription: THER IS ONE LORD ONE: FAIT ONE | BAPTISME EP | ESIANS | 4.5 1637. The font has been frequently moved, and the church rebuilt twice since 1637. T. M. FALLOW.

MOULD, OR MOLD, OF THE HEAD (6th S. viii. 309). This does not mean a suture of the skull." In the Cambridge Eng.-Lat. and Lat.-Eng. tionary (1698), the phrase is translated by "forma capitis, cavitas sincipitis, bregma." This explanation is adopted by Littleton and others, but Coles has bregma only. This is the Gr. Bpéypa, which means the upper part of the head. Bailey (fol., ed. 1724) has "Mould, mold, a form in which anything is cast; also, the hollowness in the upper part of the head." It is evident, therefore, that the word mould, as applied to the head, bore three several meanings, probably at successive times. These were (1) the general form of the head; (2) its upper part, from the forehead to the apex; and (3) as there is often a hollow near the highest point, this hollow part. It is derived from the Fr. moule, which has, however, only the ordinary meaning of "form" or "matrix." The Cambridge dictionary referred to is interesting as having been formed, among other sources, from a large manuscript, in three volumes, of Mr. John Milton." This was the poet Milton. J. D. Belsize Square.

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In the old London Bills of Mortality the term "head mouldshot" long stood as the vernacular for a form of hydrocephalus, or water on the brain. If we read this as a sprained or stretched condition of the mould of the head, we may, I think, be justified in suggesting that the mould was the anterior fontanel, as that projects greatly in many hydrocephalic heads. "Horseshoe head" was, perhaps, the vernacular for cases in which the posterior fontanel, which is somewhat of that form, was remarkably prominent. For mould or mold I would read mole (moles) of the head.

CALCUTTENSIS.

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I hope that MR. HOLGATE'S inquiry on the subject will bring forward more information than we are at present able to find in any book, and that it will come from all parts of the country. I have myself, in the very many churches that I have been into, only found one instance of a date on a font, and that was at Hascomb, in Surrey, where there is the name of a former rector (which I have not got down), and the date 1693 carved on one side. It is a solid square font, and is, I should think, considerably older than this date, which may possibly have been put on after a restoration and the incoming of a new rector. S. T. Cambridge.

tute Ribble for Thames, as I have heard scores of
times used in everyday life, the dullest clodhopper
in the county would want no interpreter, as you
would soon discover by his features or words, if
not by both.
EDWARD KIRK.

Seedley, Manchester.

stituted "Seine" for Thames.
In borrowing from us the French have sub-
R. S. CHARNOCK.

THE WORD "GÁ” (6th S. viii. 426, 477).—Mr.
TAYLOR'S statement that the suffix -gay is the
same as the German gau, and his identification of
gau with Kemble's explanation of gá, cannot be
admitted without proof. They are against all
phonetic laws. The E. day is A.-S. dag, so that
is A.-S. hege, gay would be gege.
gay would be gag; or else, since E. hay (in names)
How E. ay=
A.-S. á, is a mystery. Again, the G. au= = A.-S.
ea, as in G. baum A.-S. beam. Anything can be
said if phonetic laws are not to count.

Cambridge.

SETTING THE THAMES ON FIRE (6th S. viii. 446, 476).-We have now got a little further in this question. It appears that this fable (as I suspect it will turn out to be) can be traced back as far as March 25, 1865, when it was first started by a correspondent signing himself P. in "N. & Q.," 3rd S. vii. 239. Observe that P. puts forward his solution quite as a mere guess, saying that "the long misuse of the word temse...may possibly have tended to the substitution of sound for sense." Mr. Hazlitt merely copies what is there said. The statement made is that "an active fellow, who worked hard, not unfrequently [the italics are mine] set the rim of the temse on fire by force of friction against the rim of the flour-barrel." Mr. Hazlitt improves this into the "iron rim of the temse," it being, of course, quite easy to set iron on fire." Now I think we have a right to expect some sort of proof of the statement. If "an active fellow"-If could do this once he can do it now. Well, I should like to see him do it. Who can quote the phrase from a book older than 1865? Plowman, c. 7, 337.

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See P.
WALTER W. SKEAT.

I have seen it stated during this discussion and elsewhere that a tems in North and West Lancashire means a grain riddle; but this is not exact. A tems proper is a sieve with deep sides, very like a peck measure, is ten or twelve inches in diameter, and has a bottom of woven horsehair. It is used for taking small particles of butter out of the butter-milk just after churning; one person holds the tems over a vessel and another pours in the buttermilk, the hair-work passing the milk and catching the particles of butter. This would not cause a fire, neither is a grain-riddle firing by ordinary hand usage more probable. When worked at the quickest one man riddles while another fills, and the riddle is emptied several times in a minute. The grain also is cold in its normal state, and there is no chance of it or the riddles getting heated by friction. To a practical man a riddle firing would sound most absurd. If you say to a Lancashire labourer, "Tha 'll ne'er set th' tems a fire," a hundred to one he would understand the river Thames. But if you substi

WALTER W. SKEAT.

"HUNDRED OF LAUNDITCH" (6th S. viii. 368).— In The Genealogist, for 1880, vol. iv. p. 291, will be found a review of part iii. of the late Mr. Carthew's Hundred of Launditch and Deanery of Brisley, which is stated to be published at Norwich by Miller & Leavins. Part iii. was dated 1879. NOMAD.

A ROMANO-BRITISH LITURGY (6th S. viii. 341). your correspondent H. C. C. had seen the original MS. or the account of it in The Liturgy and Ritual of the Celtic Church, Oxford, 1881,

he would not have entertained those views of its nationality and date which he has based on some extracts from it in the Academy of Nov. 20, 1879. It is a genuine Irish MS. in orthography, execution, and ornamentation. Many of the rubrics are in the Irish language. There are two handwritings in it, one of which is of the ninth century, and the other of the eleventh century at the earliest. The intermixture of the Roman canon with passages belonging to a totally different genus of liturgy points to a transition period in the history of the services of the Irish Church. It is certainly strange that an Irish scribe should have transcribed from a Roman model passages which must have been perfectly meaningless to an inhabitant of Ireland; but our wonder is lessened by the fact that the petition "pro imperio Romano" in the Roman Missal only ceased to be used by authority in 1861. Learned conjectures as to whether St. Palladius or St. Patrick, &c., brought the missal into Ireland therefore vanish into air. With regard to the title "Stowe Missal," it has at least the merit of pointing to an episode in the later wanderings of the MS. Lord Ashburnham at the time of its publication pressed me

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