The "Peace Convention "-Fort Sumter-The Star of the West fired upon in Charleston Harbor-Anderson's temporary Truce-The Har- bor of Pensacola and Fort Pickens-The Communications between 1861-January, February, and March. Intervention of Virginia to prevent a Collision of Arms-Ex-President Tyler's Mission to the President-The President's Preparations to re- inforce Anderson, in case of necessity-The Montgomery Congress and the Confederate Provisional Government-Mr. Lincoln's Journey to Commissioners from the Confederate Government-Mr. Jefferson Davis's Statement that they were invited by President Buchanan called in Troops at the Capital-Inauguration of President Lincoln-Important and alarming Despatches from Major Anderson-Mr. Holt's Communi- cation to President Lincoln-Attitude in which Mr. Buchanan left the Government to his Successor-His Departure for Wheatland......... 491 Journey from Washington to Wheatland-Welcome from Friends and Neighbors-The Rancor of the Times makes Refutation a Duty of the Author-The Story of the "Cabinet Scene "-Mr. Seward's Charge against the late Administration-Pictures and Curiosities said to have been carried away from the White House-Miss Lane and the Alma- nach De Gotha-Private Conversations at Wheatland invented and put TAYLOR-HIS DEATH AND THE ACCESSION OF PRESIDENT FILLMORE- AT T the distance of a little more than a mile from that part of the city of Lancaster where Mr. Buchanan had lived for many years, and a little beyond the corporate limits, there had long stood a substantial brick mansion on a small estate of twenty-two acres known as Wheatland, and sometimes called "The Wheatlands." The house, although not imposing, or indeed of any architectural beauty, was nevertheless a sort of beau ideal of a statesman's abode, with ample room and verge for all the wants of a moderate establishment. Without and within, the place has an air of comfort, respectability, and repose. It had been for some years owned and occupied as a summer residence by the Hon. Wm. M. Meredith of Philadelphia, a very eminent lawyer, who became Secretary of the Treasury in the administration of President Taylor. The house stands about half way up a gently rising ground, and has a wide lawn stretching down to the county road, shaded by oaks, elms, and larches, interspersed with evergreens. The view from the front of the house, looking to the west of north, ranges over a broad expanse of the county of Lancaster, one of the richest of Pennsylvania's lovely domains, spread out in a map of highly cultivated farms, and dotted by the homesteads of a wealthy agricultural population. Behind the house stands a noble wood, which is reached through the gardens; and from the crown of the hill, in a southerly direction, the eye ranges over another fine valley of smaller extent. Coolness and peace pervade this attractive old place, and it is not singular that a man of Mr. Buchanan's habits and temperament, who could not afford time and had no strong tastes for large pursuits of agriculture, should have coveted this his neighbor's dwelling. But he did not break the commandment in seeking it. A treaty between two persons for the purchase of an estate is not ordinarily a matter of much interest. But this one was conducted in a manner so honorable to both parties that a few words may be given to it. The buyer and the seller had always been on opposite political sides; but they were friends, and they were gentlemen. In the month of June, 1848, Mr. Buchanan, having heard that Mr. Meredith wished to sell this property, addressed to him the following letter: [MR. BUCHANAN TO MR. MEREDITH.] WASHINGTON, June 12, 1848. MY DEAR SIR: I have received an intimation from our friends Fordney and Reynolds that you are willing to sell the Wheatlands, for the price which you gave Mr. Potter for them. As I intend, in any event, to retire from public life on the 4th of March next, I should be pleased to become the purchaser. The terms of payment I could make agreeable to yourself; and I should be glad if you would retain the possession until the autumn. In making this offer, I desire to purchase from you just what you purchased from Mr. Potter, and to pay you the same price which you paid him. If I have been misinformed in regard to your desire to sell, I know you will pardon this intrusion. Yours, very respectfully, JAMES BUCHANAN. To this letter Mr. Meredith replied as follows: [MR. MEREDITH TO MR. BUCHANAN.] PHILADELPHIA, June 19, 1848. MY DEAR SIR: On my return home a day or two since I had the pleasure of finding your letter. A month ago, I should probably have accepted your offer, as I had then an opportunity of securing a place in this neighborhood that would have suited me better in point of proximity than Wheatland. I have missed that, and it is now too late to make new arrangements for my family for the summer. I should not like to occupy the place after having sold it, for several reasons, and principally because the certainty of leaving it would tend to render the children uncomfortable through the season. These little people are imaginative and live very much on the future, and it would scarcely do to destroy all their little plans, and schemes, and expectations connected with the place at the very commencement of their holidays. I will therefore, with your permission, postpone the subject to the autumn, when, if I should be disposed to part with the place, I will do myself the pleasure of writing to you. Of course your offer does not stand over; but I will certainly make no disposition of the property without first offering it to you. With great esteem, I am, sir, yours most respectfully, In the autumn, Mr. Buchanan again wrote: MY DEAR SIR: [MR. BUCHANAN TO MR. MEREDITH.]' W. M. MEREDITH. WASHINGTON, September 25, 1848. Upon my return to this city, on Saturday night, I found your letter to Mr. Fordney kindly offering to dispose of Wheatland, including all that you bought from Mr. Potter, to myself at the price you paid, and the matting in the house at a valuation. I accept this proposition, and you may consider the bargain closed. Of the purchase-money I can conveniently pay $1750 at present, and the remainder on or before the first of January. If, however, you should need it sooner, I can procure it without much difficulty. |