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10th. When a merchant-fhip is not under convoy, and happens to be brought to by a hip of war or privateer belonging to any of the belligerents, the captain thall not, in that cafe, oppofe the fearching of his yellel, but be bound faithfully to fhew all acts and documents which relate to her cargo. The captain and his people are ftrictly prohibited from keeping back or defiroying any of their papers.

11th. If, however, fuch fhip makes part of a convoy, the foregoing ar. ticle fhall not ferve as the rule, but the captain's duty confifts in punctually obeying the fignals of the commodore of the convoy, for which purpose, therefore, he fall feparate as little as poffible from the Convoy.

12th. Al captains are exprefsly forbidden to attempt going into a blockaded port, as foon as they are formally apprized by the officer commanding the blockade.

In

order to ascertain what a blockaded harbour is, this appellation is confined to thofe to which, by the exertions of the blockading power with fhips deftined and adequate to the object, it is evidently dangerous to attempt running in.

13th. In cafe any Swedish merchant-fhip is captured by a fhip of

merchantman, who ftrictly obferves the above regulations and orders, hall enjoy a free voyage, protected by the laws of nations and the pro vifion of treaties; and to this end; all public agents and Swedish confuls are required, in cafe of attack or infult, to give their fupport to the juft and well-founded com plaints on the fubject. But those who in any point whatever neglect or violate their orders, must answer for the confequences of their con duct, without relying upon the protection of his majefty.

15th. By the contents of a recent order, his majesty has prohibited the privateers of a foreign nation to enter, or bring their prizes into the ports of his kingdom, except in cafe of their being driven in by ftrels of weather. In this cafe it is expressly prohibited to all whatfoever to buy the prizes, or any of the effects which the privateers have taken.

To which end, publication, &c.
Given at St. Petersburgh,
Dec. 23, 1800
(Signed)

Guftavus Adolphus,

Letter from Mr. Shairp, relative to the British Prijoners in Rufia.

war or privateer of any of the bel-VARIOUS reports having been

ligerents, the captain fall immediately tranfmit a circumfantial account, and duly explained, to the Swedish conful or vice conful of the place to which the fhip is taken; and, fhould there be no conful or vice confal there, he hall tranfinit a memorial to the Swedish conful of the diftrict to which the place into which his fhip is taken belongs.

14th. Every captain of a Swedi

fortunate British fubjects now in Ruffia, I fend you the following authentic information:

The perfons of the British merchants have hitherto remained unmolefied; and what ready money they had in their poffeffion has not been feized; but their warehouses are fealed, and all their property is under fequefter. All the British hips and their cargoes are seized

by

The

by the Ruffian government. captains and crews are marched into the interior of the country, in companies of one captain and ten or twelve seamen. They are diftributed in above a hundred different towns, at one hundred to one thousand miles diftance from the capital. The Ruffian government allows for their fubfiftence daily five copeeks in money (about three halfpence), a fmall measure of rye flour, and one of buck wheat.

My brother and fome other British merchants at St. Petersburgh, advanced about forty thoufand rubles (a ruble is about half-acrown) for their better acconimodation, from which he furnifhed every captain with two hundred rubles for the use of himself and ten men, and bought for every man a fheep's-tkin coat, a fur cap, a fash, a pair of gloves, fome warm fhoes, and two pair of ftockings. Kibitkas, or common carts of the country, are bought for most of the captains and fome old men; the rest walk, and the peasants furnish horfes for the baggage. On the 21ft of November, fifty captains and five hundred failors were thus dif patched from St. Petersburgh, and the remainder were daily fetting off on their melancholy journey.

Stephen Shairp, conful-general of Ruffia.

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thousands of victims, and which
threatens not to fufpend its ravages
until it has cut off all who have
hitherto escaped, being calculated
to excite compaffion, it is with fur-
prife that I fee the fquadron, under
the command of your excellency,
come to augment the confternation
of the inhabitants. I have too ex-
alted an opinion of the humanity of
the English people, and of yours in
particular, to think that you would
wish to render our condition more
deplorable. However, if, in con-
fequence of the orders your excel-
lency has received, you are inclin-
ed to draw down upon yourself the
execration of all nations, to cover
yourself with difgrace in the eyes
of the whole univerfe, by oppref-
fing the unfortunate, and attacking
those who are supposed to be incap-
able of defence; I declare to you,
that the garrifon under my orders,
accustomed to behold death with a
ferene countenance, and to brave
dangers much greater than all the
perils of war, know how to make
refiftance, which fhall not terminate
but with their entire destruction.
I hope that the answer of your
excellency will inform me, whether
I am to fpeak the language of con-
folation to the unfortunate inhabi-
tants, or whether I am to rouse
them to indignation and vengeance.
May God preferve your excel

lency.

October 5, 1900.

Thomas de Morla,

The veflels employed in the blockade have not, till now, pre

Note from the Governor of Cadiz to vented the fillers from exercising

TH

the English Admiral.

HE affliction which carries off,
in this city and its environs,
12

their harmlefs induftry. It must excite aftonishment, that your excellency fhould deprive us of this fmall comfort.

Answer

.

Anfwer to the above by the Comman
ders-in-Chief of the Sea and Land
Forces of his Britannic Majefty,
forming the Expedition before
Cadiz.

On board his Britannic
Majefty's Ship the Fou-
droyant, off Cadiz, Oc-
tober 5.

We have had the honour of receiving your excellency's letter of this date, in which you defcribe to as the deplorable state of this city. We are deeply afflicted at this calamity, though we have good reason to believe that its effects have been much lefs difaftrous.

We are not ignorant that a great number of his catholic majefty's vetfels are armed, in order to join the naval forces of the French, and to be employed in prolonging the troubles which afflict all the nations of Europe, difturb public order, and deftroy the happiness of individuals. We have received orders from our fovereign to use every effort to defeat the projects of the common enemy, by endeavouring to take or destroy the fhips of war which are in the harbour and arfenal of Cadiz

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Reply to the Commanders of his
Britannic Majefly's Sea and Land
Forces.

When I reprefented to your ex-
of this city, with the view of en-
cellencies the melancholy condition
gaging your humanity, not to ag
gravate it by acts of hoftility, I
could not have fuppofed that my
request would have been regarded
as the effect of fear or weaknefs.
Unfortunately I find that your ex-
cellencies have mifinterpreted my
expreflions, fince they have led to
a propofal as infulting to the per-
fon to whom it is addreffed, as it is
but little honourable to those who
have made it. Your excellencies
will take this as fufficient informa-
able propofitions, if you intend that
tion that you must make more suit-
they fhall be accepted.

I have the honour to be, &c.
Thomas de Morla.

The number of troops intrufted to our command leave but little doubt as to the fuccefs of the enterprife. We are little difpofed. to. mutiply unneceflarily the evils in- October 6, 1800. feparable from war. Should your excellency confent to give up to us the veffels armed or arming, in order to act against our king, and to prolong the misfortunes of neighbouring nations, your crews and officers fhall be, at liberty, and our flcet fhall withdraw; otherwife we

Proclamation of the Confuls of the
Republic to the French.

Frenchmen,

muft aut conformably to the orders You

3

Paris, March 7,

YOU are defirous of peace; your
government are defirous of it

with

with ftill greater ardour. Their firft withes, their perfevering meafures, have been for peace. The English minifter repels it: the Englith minifter has betrayed the fecret of his horrible fyftem of politics. To ravage France, to destroy her marine and her ports; to efface her from the map of Europe, or to degrade her to the rank of a fecondary power; to keep all the nations of the continent divided, in order to get poffeffion of the commerce of all, and to enrich herself by their fpoils; it is to obtain thefe frightful fucceffes, that England is prodigal of gold, profufe of promifes, and that the multiplies intrigues.

But neither the gold, nor the promifes, nor the intrigues of England, will chain to her views the powers of the contineat. They have heard the wish of France; they know the moderation of the principles that guide her; they will liften to the voice of humanity, and the powerful voice of their intereft.

Were it otherwife, the government which has not feared to offer and folicit peace, will remember that it is for you to command it. To commandit, we muft have money, iron, and foldiers.

Let all make hafte to pay the tribute which they owe to the common defence; let the young citizens march. It is no longer for factions

it is no longer for the choice of tyrants, that they are going to arm; it is for the guarantee of all that is molt dear to them; it is for the konour of France; it is for the facred intereft of humanity and of liberty, Already have the armies relumed that attitude, the promite and the prefage of victory; at the Light of them-at the fight of the whole nation united in the fame

interefts and the fame wishes, do not doubt, Frenchmen, that you will have any more enemies upon the continent. The firft conful has promifed peace; he will go and conquer it at the head of thole warriors whom he has more than once led to victory. With them he will know how to find again those fields ftill full of the remembrance of their exploits; yet in the midst of battle, he will fill invoke peace, and he fwears to fight only for the happinefs of France, and the repofe of the world!

Letter written by the General-in-Chief of the Army of St. Domingo to the Authorities civil and military, and all other Citizens of the City of Cayes, and Inftructions given to the Deputies fent by him to the faid City, Bearers of the faid Letter.

Lengane, 20th Meffidor (10th of July), Sth Year of the French Republic, one and indivifible.

Touffaint Louverture, General-inChief of the Army of St. Doming, to the Magifirates of the People, and all the French Citizens of ine Department of the South, civil and military.

citizen Vincent, chef de briAvail myfelf of the opportunity gade, director-general of the fortifications of the colony, fent by the French government to be an eyewitnefs of the events and calamities of the civil war produced by the conduct of the evil-difpofed, and the enemies of public tranquillity. I join to him a deputation of two citizens, Arrault, and Celar, the

Late

late member of the civil tribunal of the South, in confequence of the orders which I have received from government, and the confidence which it repofes in me to restore peace and tranquillity. Thefe citizens will communicate to you my mode of thinking, and will affure you that I am difpofed to grant to people of every defeription a general amnesty, to pardon and forget the paft, provided they fhall return to order, and that all men deceived or led aftray fhall return into the bolom of their families, and that all the cultivators forced to leave their houfes fhall rejoin their refpective habitations.

It is my duty to inform you of fome paffages in the letter of the minifter of marine and colonies, of which the following is an extract:

"A ftrong government has fucceeded an executive power, feeble and divided.

your

I depend on your zeal and fidelity. Inform the troops under

your command that the time of fchifms is past. Unite all around the new focial compact of the French people.

The rank of general-in-chief, with which the republic has honoured you, and which the new government has confirmed, is the firft of the military militia. It requires prudence and moderation. Ufe your influence, your talents, to calm all hatred; ftifle all refentment, and be great by the good which you do.

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The first conful places confidence in you. You will fhow yourfelf deferving of it by reftoring peace in the fine colony of St. Domingo, which interefts the whole nation in fo many points of view.

"The government expects that the

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I.

IT and fufpenfion of hoftilities

THERE fhall be an armiftice

between the army of his imperial majefty and that of the French republic in Italy, till an anfwer (hall be received from the court of Vienna.

II. The imperial army fhall occupy all the country between the Mincio, Folca-Meftre, and the Po; which includes Mantua, Peschiera, and Borgo-Forte; and from thence the left bank of the Po, and on the right bank the town and citadel of Ferrara.

III. The imperial army shall in like manner hold Tufcany and Ancona.'

IV. The French army fhall occupy the countries comprehended between the Chinfa, the Oglio, and the Po.

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