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THE AUTHOR'S

(The LEADENHALL PRESS, Ltd., Publishers and Printers, 50, Leadenhall Street, London, E.C) Contains hairless paper, over which the pen slips with perfect freedom. Sixpence each. 58. per dozen, ruled or plaín. New Pocket Size. 3. per dosen, ruled or plain

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LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, 1908.

CONTENTS.- No. 264. NOTES:-The Globe' Centenary, 41-Notes on Skeat's Concise Dictionary, 43-Paucity of Books in Shakespeare's Time, 44- Uses of 'N. & Q.'- Appendicitis "Able-bodied wine"-Contemporary Chronicles-Lipsius -Foigard in 'The Beaux' Stratagem,' 46-" Ejulate Russian Superstitions-" Rollick "—" Dutch courage Records of Buckinghamshire,' 47 - United Empire Loyalists, 45. QUERIES: "Outstrip" -"Outside" as Preposition Plotting Parlour - Marshalsea -"Repent, repent," &c. Mona Portraits Wanted - Wale Latin Riddle of -Lord Whitehills-Isabella Colour-Ellison-Lincolnshire

Leo XIII-Sloane, 48-The Muristan, Jerusalem-Boosey Work How Moses counted his Eggs '-Bretteyn-Mrs. Ann Harris-"How do I love thee?"-Wilson Family, 49 -Dairy Windows-Hotspur's Body, 50.

REPLIES: Aylwin,' 50 Circumflex Accent, 51 - St.

Nicolas-Pre-Conquest Earls of Devon and CornwallRetarded Germination of Seeds, 52-"Finials" at Rick

Ends-Sexton's Tombstone-Miller - Opticians' SignsKnife Superstition, 53-Portraits of John Nash-Whig Token-Licence to depart"-Ice before Christmas St. Botolph, City of London-Westminster Changes, 54Mordaunt College-Crossing the Line-Pre-Reformation Practices in Churches, 55-18th Hussars, 1821-King's Weigh House-Roubiliac's Bust of Pope-Exemption from Poor Tax-Lord Salisbury on Decaying Nations. 56Lord's Prayer in the Twelfth Century-Barnwell PrioryBrasses in Kirkleatham Church-Fitzalan of Arundel Tennyson and Kingsley-" From the lone shieling." 57Purcell Family-Groat: Bits-"Good afternoon," 53.

NOTES ON BOOKS:-Lady Dilke's French Engravers and Draughtsmen of the Eighteenth Century'-'Oxford

English Dictionary.' Notices to Correspondents.

Notes.

THE GLOBE' CENTENARY. THE new year opened with two important newspaper celebrations: on the 1st inst. occurred the centenary of the Globe, and on the same date the Field commemorated its jubilee. Both papers may be congratulated on enjoying great prosperity, That of the Globe has only been obtained after many struggles and vicissitudes, while the Field, after the second year of its existence, was on the high road to success. The Globe, as is pretty well known, owes its origin to the London publishers, or booksellers, as they then preferred to be called. Mr. Joseph Shaylor, in his article on 'Publishing' which appears in vol. xxxii. (one of the new volumes) of the Encyclopædia Britannica, points out that the description of publishing and bookselling in the earlier volumes is no longer correct: "The publisher now confines his energies entirely to the production and publication of books, while the bookseller retails them to the public, whereas in the later part of the eighteenth and earlier part of the nineteenth century the principal booksellers associated together to produce and sell books."

66

The Morning Post had become so prosperous as frequently to crowd out the booksellers' announcements for want of space. This gave great offence, and the booksellers combined for the starting of two newspapers of their own: one a morning paper, the British Press, the other an states James Grant, in his 'History of the evening paper, the Globe. The actual sale, Newspaper Press,' "did not exceed 200 copies each." "The booksellers almost immediately, from various causes, began to drop off." 'Mr. Murray (the first of that name), now of Albemarle Street, then a very young man, was the most active and liberal and valuable among them; but he, with Messrs. Longman, Clarke of Portugal Street, Butterworth, and many others of the greatest influence and importance, after a short time withdrew." The British Press had only a brief career, but the evening paper continued on its way. The Globe, in its interesting 'Sketch of our History,' states that the files from the first years have not been preserved, and the earliest impression known to exist bears date "Thursday, February 6, 1806." This is numbered 972, showing that it had appeared without a break, Christmas Days and Sundays excepted, since its first publication. The price of the single sheet of four pages, including the 3d. stamp, was 94d. The paper contains an account of the battle of Austerlitz, and the Parliamentary column is taken up with the moving of new writs consequent upon Mr. Fox taking office. The 5 per cents. stood at 62, the 3 per cent. consols at 61; English lottery tickets fetched 19 guineas. The only survival of the Globe's projected encouragement of literature is to be found in the announcement of a pamphlet called Vaccination Vindicated' and of a book by Mr. Craig, The Complete Instructor in Drawing." Of its politics at that time "there is not much to be said. The Tories were firm in office, and the Globe ranked among the supporters of the Opposition. Queen Caroline's trial gave it an opportunity both for journalistic enterprise and for vehemence of language." In the course of years the Globe absorbed a whole crop of journals, including the Evening Chronicle and the Argus, two of the shortlived enterprises of James Silk Buckingham, whom James Grant describes as being "the most desperate journalistic speculator it was ever my fortune to be personally acquainted with." On the 30th of December, 1822, the Traveller-it was in the Traveller that John Stuart Mill, at the age of sixteen, first appeared in print-was amalgamated with

the Globe, and to this day forms its second title. Col. Torrens acquired the main interest in the paper, and brought with him Walter Coulson, who had been editor of the Traveller. He was a protégé of Bentham and a friend of the Westminster Radicals James Mill and Francis Place, "the Radical tailor of Charing Cross," of whom my friend Mr. Holyoake relates that, on the occasion of Place being spokesman for a deputation of working men to the Duke of Wellington at Apsley House, the duke, having given them an abrupt dismissal, called out, "Come back." He then said to them, "You seem to be men with heads on your shoulders. Take care you keep them there." Coulson was the means of attracting men of celebrity in the literary world; these included Thomas Love Peacock and the Rev. Richard Harris Barham. In 1826 the profits were 100l. a week, and Mr. Gibbons Merle was appointed_sub-editor. Mr. Merle afterwards went to Paris, where he became one of the editors of Galignani's Messenger, and was made a baron by Louis Philippe.

The following curious instruction as to the reviewing of books is quoted from the minute book of the 4th of April, 1827 :-"In reviewing, only a brief analysis, with extracts, should be given, without much praise or censure, to avoid giving offence to other publishers." It is also directed that "admission tickets for places of entertainment be as much as possible at the command of those who advertise most largely and steadily." In 1834 Lord Brougham was severely taken to task by the Globe, and Coulson, being on terms of friendship with him, retired, his place being taken by John Wilson, who occupied the editorial chair for more than thirty years; he was a quiet, scholarly man, living in seclusion in the midst of his family at Tooting. The general control of the paper was in the hands of Mr. Moran, the sub-editor; his whole heart was in his duties; a better sub-editor a paper never had, and the variety which he contrived to introduce into the columns of the Globe is described as something wonderful.

The Globe was for many years recognized as the official Whig organ, and in an article which appeared in the Quarterly in 1839, on 'The Bedchamber Conspiracy, complaint was made of the appearance in the Globe, "a ministerial evening paper," of information from an inspired quarter, which had reached it contrary to ministerial etiquette. The Globe in its centenary article states that the channel through which many valuable items of news came to the readers of the

as

Globe was Lord Palmerston, who took an active part in shaping the policy of the paper, and the fact is beyond dispute, the archives of the office can prove," that he wrote articles in the paper, and continued his connexion until the time of his death.

The Globe has been twice taxed with utilizing information without due authority. Lord Panmure had flatly declined to tell Mr. (now Sir James) O'Dowd, who was on the reporting staff, the number of troops in the Crimea, December, 1855; the precise number within twenty appeared next day in the Globe. The minister was indignant, but O'Dowd quietly pointed out that the official gazette had stated the number of sick then in hospital, and that it represented 9 per cent. of the total force. The other occasion, as will be well remembered, was the publication of the Salisbury-Schouvaloff Treaty in July, 1878.

The abolition of the paper duties in 1861 had brought about keen competition with the morning papers. Col. Torrens died in 1864, and in 1866 the paper was sold, and acquired by a small Conservative syndicate, of whom the late Lord Iddesleigh, then Sir Stafford Northcote, was one. This complete change of front created a great sensation. The necessity for another evening Conservative organ in the metropolitan press was considered urgent, as the tone of the London papers was reflected in the Parliamentary representation of the metropolis, not a Conservative being returned within the four corners of London and Middlesex.

On the 28th of June, 1869, the price of the paper was reduced to its present one of 1d. Since its change of politics its editors have been Mr. Wescomb, from Exeter, Mr. R. B. Patterson, who afterwards went to the Edinburgh Courant, Mr. H. N. Barnett, Mr. Marwood Tucker, a son-in-law of Beresford Hope, Mr. E. E. Peacock, well known in connexion with the Morning Post, and Capt. (now Sir George) Armstrong, its present sole proprietor; then came Mr. Ponsonby Ogle, whose premature death has been recently recorded, followed by Mr. Algernon Locker, subsequently editor of the Morning Post, and now of the Irish Times. During all these successive reigns Mr. W. T. Madge has been its energetic business manager. The centenary article raises the veil, and gives us a glance at some of its contributors during the past forty years. Among them we find John Hullah as a contributor on musical topics, and Father Prout (the Rev. Francis Mahony), who became Paris correspondent shortly after the Revolution of 1848. In a book published by Chatto & Windus, 1876, 'The Final Re