an insignificant relation to the total number of employees. Much the larger number leaving resulted from death, old age, or from the neces sity of entering the military service. EMPLOYEES OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN AT WORK BELOW GROUND BY AGES AND YEARS OF SERVICE, FEBRUARY, 1892. Years of service. 5 or 10 or 15 or 20 ог 25 or 30 ог 35 or 40 or 45 or Total under under under under under under under under under 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. 45. 50. EMPLOYEES OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN AT WORK ABOVF GROUND, BY AGES AND YEARS OF SERVICE, FEBRUARY, 1892. Years of service. 1 or 2 or 5 or 10 or 30 or 35 or 40 or 45 or Total. 50. EMPLOYEES OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN, AT WORK BELOW AND ABOVE GROUND, BY AGES AND YEARS OF SERVICE, FEBRUARY, 1892. Years of service. Age. 1 or 2 or 5 or 10 or Under under under under under under under under under under under under 15 or 20 or 25.or 30 or 35 or 40 or 45 or Total 1. 2. 5. 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. 45. 50. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF EMPLOYEES OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN AT WORK BELOW AND ABOVE GROUND, BY YEARS OF SERVICE, FEBRUARY, 1892. NUMBER AND PER CENT OF EMPLOYEES OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN, BY YEARS OF SERVICE, SEPTEMBER 6, 1886, DECEMBER 31, 1889, AND FEBRUARY, 1892. EMPLOYEES LEAVING THE SERVICE OF THE COAL MINING COMPANY OF ANZIN, BY REASONS FOR LEAVING, 1889 TO 1893. In conclusion, attention should be drawn to a point concerning which a study such as the one just made affords information of more than usual value. The material has been presented in such a way as to furnish an opportunity for a statistical comparison of present with former conditions of a body of men, the general and physical conditions of whose labor have remained practically identical. The evidence afforded by such a comparison is irresistible that there has been a steady betterment of the condition of the coal miners of Anzin in almost every element that enters into their life. The age at which they commence work has been advanced, and they consequently enjoy a longer period of schooling. Their hours of labor have been steadily reduced. Average wages have constantly advanced, while there is every reason to believe that the amount of commodities that they will purchase has increased in like or greater ratio. The single matter of housing shows an enormous increase in comfort. A contrasting of the types of houses erected by the company at different periods shows a striking advance by each period over the preceding one. From a dweller in a barrack apartment the miner has become the occupier of an individual cottage with garden attached, and in many cases the owner of his own home. The uncertainties of a possible lack of employment or the cares and anxieties of sickness and approaching old age have been lessened. At the same time the workingman enters more into public life. He comes more into contact with his fellowmen through the exercise of his political rights, and through his participation in the management of the mutual benefit, cooperative, and recreative societies of which he is a member. The comparisons which have been made throughout the report with conditions elsewhere indicate that the experience of Anzin has been repeated in the other great coal mining centers of France. |