YEARS OF SERVICE OF OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES AT THE SAME OCCUPATIONS AND IN THE SAME ESTABLISHMENTS-Concluded. At In same At same occu In same establish At In same same estaboccu- lish At same Total. At In same estab In same estaboccu- lish In same estab- same occu- lish- occu- lish pation. ment. pation. ment. pation. ment. pation. ment. pation. ment. pation. ment. 44. 13 45. 22 22121T 50.. 1 57 58. As the industries in this section are largely in a stage of rapid development, a greater number of employees are found to have been engaged in their present occupations for one year or under than for any other period of service. There is an almost steady decrease for each succeeding period. The only decided exception is found in the number employed seven, eight, and nine years. The abnormal decrease shown here is due to military service, for if the persons mostly entered upou their occupations at the minimum age, 14 years, they would have attained the ages of 21, 22, and 23 years, respectively, which ages. as has been shown, correspond to the period of military service. Of all the employees and officials, 70,341, or 44.42 per cent, remained in the service of the same establishments during the entire time of employment at their present occupations. The enumeration showed that out of the total number of employees and officials 154,517, or 97.57 per cent, had completed their elementary education. This percentage would undoubtedly have been greater were it not for the large influx of foreigners, which is always present where industries are rapidly developing. In some other sections of this mining district, where the industries are older, the illiterates comprise less than one-half of 1 per cent. In the accompanying table is given a general review of the housing conditions of the employees and officials as regards house ownership and tenancy: OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES OWNING HOUSES AND LIVING IN THEIR OWN AND IN RENTED HOUSES AND LODGINGS. It is interesting to note the comparatively large proportion of house owners, namely, 16,212 or 10.24 per cent. These, however, did not all occupy their own homes, 14.17 per cent of their number living in rented houses or lodgings. Of the total officials and employees, 8.79 per cent lived in their own homes, 1.61 per cent were tenants of their employers, 46.83 per cent lived in other rented houses, 0.61 lived in lodging houses, 21.94 lived with their parents, and 20.22 per cent boarded with strangers. Seven hundred and eighty-four of the house owners were single men. On an average, each family occupied three rooms. The distance from residence to place of work is shown for each person in the accompanying table: DISTANCE BETWEEN RESIDENCE AND PLACE OF WORK OF OFFICIALS AND It appears from the preceding table that as a rule the employees live within walking distance of their places of work, 85.51 per cent having not over 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) to go. The average distance of all was 2.4 kilometers (1.5 miles). Of those who lived so far distant as to be compelled to use conveyances, namely, 7.5 kilometers (4.7 miles) and over, only 19.59 lived in their own homes. Nearly twice the number, 38.40 per cent, lived in rented dwellings, 21.78 per cent boarded with their parents, and 20.23 per cent boarded with strangers. The next table shows the number of persons depending upon officials and employees for their support. PERSONS DEPENDENT UPON OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES. Total 91, 648 116, 223 111, 196 36, 300 32, 953 296, 672 242, 236 25, 366 6,866 420, 552 158, 368 578, 920 The average number of persons depending upon an official or employee was 2.66. Of the dependents, 21.79 per cent were wives, 70.55 per cent children, 6.03 per cent parents and grandparents, and 1.63 per cent brothers and sisters. Over three-fourths of the dependent children were under 14 years of age. ANNUAL STATISTICAL ABSTRACTS. In the first issue of the Bulletin a brief note was given indicating the Governments of the world which had created statistical bureaus, the sole or special object of which was to investigate and report on the conditions under which labor is prosecuted. In all cases the creation of these bureaus is of recent date. The nations of Europe and America have not waited, however, for the establishment of these special bureaus before entering upon the collection and presentation of statistical information concerning labor and social conditions, and the reports of such bureaus are by no means the sole source of statistical information concerning these questions. The various departments of the dif ferent Governments, especially those departments concerned with industry, commerce, or public works, have sooner or later found it necessary to organize more or less complete statistical services, and within the field of their investigations it has often been advisable to include the collection of information concerning matters purely social. Scattered through the various reports of the independent departments or bureaus of all Governments there is, therefore, information of a strictly statistical character of immediate and important bearing upon labor conditions. The great number and variety of these publications and the greater or less difficulty in obtaining access to them renders it almost impossible to gain even a knowledge of their existence, much less a familiarity with their nature and contents. Recognizing this, practically every nation of importance has undertaken the publication of an annual statistical abstract in which are presented in summary form the most important statistical tables appearing in all of the various official reports of the Government. These abstracts, therefore, do not in themselves represent original investigations, but only brief summaries of the results of inquiries made by various bureaus. In the great majority of cases where information is sought, a reference to these compilations is sufficient. The following, made from the latest accessible abstracts, is given in order to show for at least the more important nations the periods during which such abstracts have been issued and in a general way the nature of the subjects concerning which information is given. In this presentation no effort is made to enter into particulars. Only the most general headings are employed. Thus, for instance, the single caption "Agricultural Statistics" is made to embrace all the informa tion bearing in any way upon agricultural matters. |