Minnesota's GeologyU of Minnesota Press, 1982 - 255 pages Have you ever wondered how the Mississippi River was formed? Or why shark teeth have been found in the Iron Range of the Upper Midwest? Towering mountain ranges, explosive volcanoes, expansive glaciers, and long-extinct forms of both land and sea life were an important part of Minnesota's ancient history. Today the evidence of this remarkable heritage is revealed in the state's rocky outcroppings, stony soils, and thousands of lakes. |
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abundant basalt basin bedrock beds belts beneath Cambrian carbonate contain County Cretaceous Croix crust deposits dikes dolomite Duluth Complex earth eroded erosion exposed fault Figure Fond du Lac formed fossils G. B. Morey gabbro geologic map geologists Geology of Minnesota Glacial Lake Glacial Lake Duluth glaciers gneisses grains granite greenstone Highway iron iron-formation kilometers Lake Agassiz Lake Superior Lake Vermilion lava flows layers limestone Lower Precambrian mafic magma margins Mesabi Range metamorphic Middle Precambrian million years ago minerals mining Minnesota Geological Survey Minnesota River Mississippi River Moines Lobe Moraine nesota North America North Shore northeastern Minnesota Ordovician outcrops P. K. Sims Paleozoic Park Portage Precambrian Precambrian rocks quarry quartz Rainy Lake River Warren roadcut rock types rock units sand Sandstone sedimentary rocks sediments shale Soudan streams Superior Lobe surface taconite thick Thomson Formation uranium Vermilion district volcanic rocks weathering Wisconsin zone