attacked, dragged out of the nest, and dropped into the surrounding moat of water.

Again, on July 14 last year (1878) I put some pupa of Formica fusca from nest No. 36 into a glass with three ants of the same species from nest No. 60.

On the 22nd I put an ant from one of these pupæ into her old nest (No. 36) at 9.30 A.M. She was attacked. At 10 she was being dragged about. 10.30 ditto. I regretted she was not watched longer.

August 8.-Put another ant which had emerged from one of these pupa into her old nest (No. 36) at 7.45 A.M. At 8 she seemed quite at home among the others. 8.15 ditto, 8.30 ditto, 9 ditto, 9.30 ditto.

August 9.-Put two other young ants of this batch into their old nest (No. 36) at 7 A.M. At 7.30 they were all right. At 7.30 one of them was being dragged by a leg, but only, I think, to bring her under shelter, and was then let go. Young ants of this species, when the nest is disturbed, are sometimes dragged to a place of safety in this way. At 8.30 they were all right and nearly cleaned. After this I could not distinguish them; but if they had been attacked, we must have seen it.

August 11.-Put in another one as before at 8.30 A.M. At 8.45 she was all right. At 9 she was dragged by a leg, like the last, but not for long; and at 9.39 she was quite comfortable amongst the others. 10 ditto, 10.45 ditto, 12 ditto, 5 ditto.

August 24.-Put in the last two ants of this lot

as before at 9.15 A.M. At 9.30 they were all right. 9.45 ditto. At 10 they were almost cleaned. At 10.30 I could only distinguish one; and she had only a speck of colour left. She appeared quite at home; and though I could no longer distinguish the other, I must have seen it if she had been attacked.

Thus, then, out of seven ants of this batch put back into their old nest, six were amicably received. On the other hand, I put one into nest No. 60, from which the three nurses were taken. She was introduced into the nest at 8.15 A.M., and was at once attacked. 8.45, she was being dragged about. 9 ditto, 9.15 ditto, 9.30 ditto. Evidently therefore she was not treated as a friend.

Again, on July 14, 1878, I put some pupa of Formica fusca from nest No. 60 with three ants from

nest No. 36.

On August 5 at 4 P.M. I put an ant which had emerged from one of these pupæ, into her old nest (No. 60). At 4.15 she seemed quite at home. They were already cleaning her; and by 4.30 she was no longer distinguishable. We watched the nest, however, carefully for some time; and I feel sure she was not attacked.

August 6.-Put another of this batch into nest No. 60 at 7.15 A.M. At 7.30 she was not attacked. At 8, one of the ants was carefully cleaning her. At 8.15 she was quite at home among the others. At 8.30 ditto; she was nearly cleaned. 9.30 ditto.

August 8.-Put in another as before at 7.45. At she was all right. 8.30 ditto, 9.30 ditto, 9.45 ditto

August 9.-Put in another as before at 7 A.M. At 7.30 she is quite at home among the others, and already nearly cleaned. At 8 I could no longer distinguish her; but certainly no ant was being attacked. 9 ditto.

August 11.-- Put in another as before at 8 A.M. At 8.15 she was quite at home. 8.30 ditto, 9 ditto,

9.30 ditto, 10 ditto, 12.30 ditto.

August 13.-Lastly, I put in the remaining young ant as before at 7 A.M. At 7.15 she was all right. At 7.30 ditto and nearly cleaned. At 8 I could no longer distinguish her; but no ant was being attacked.

Thus, then, as in the preceding experiment, these six ants when reintroduced into the nest from which they had been taken as pupæ, were received as friends. On the other hand, on August 5 I put a young ant of the same batch into nest No. 36, from which the three nurses had been taken. She was introduced at 11 and was at once attacked. At 11.30 she was being dragged about, and shortly after was dragged out of the nest. I then introduced a second; but she was at once attacked like the first.

August 22.-I put some pupae of Formica fusca from nest No. 64 under the charge of three ants from nest No. 60. By September 7 several young ones had emerged. I put two of them into nest No. 64 at 8.15 A.M. They were amicably received, as in the preceding experiments, and the ants began to clean them, At 8.30 they were all right. 8.45 ditto. At 9 they had been completely cleaned, so that I could not distinguish

them; but there was no fighting going on in the

nest.

On the same day, at 9.45 A.M., I put into nest 64 two more as before. At 10 they were both quite at home among the other ants. 10.15 ditto, 10.30 ditto, 11 ditto, 12 ditto, 1 ditto. I then put in a stranger; and she was at once fiercely attacked.

September 8.-Put in two more of the ants which had emerged from the pupæ, as before, at 9.30 A.M. At 9.45 they were all right. 10 ditto, 10.30 ditto, 11 ditto, 11.30 ditto, 12 ditto, 1 ditto.

On the other hand, on September 14, I put one of these ants in the same manner into nest No. 60 at 6.30 A.M. She was at once attacked. At 6.45 she was being dragged about by an antenna. 7 ditto. At 7.30 she was by herself in one corner. At 8.30 she was again being dragged about. 9.30 ditto. The difference, therefore, was unmistakable.

Once more, on July 29 I put some pupa of Formica fusca from out of doors under the charge of three ants from nest No. 36.

August 3.-Several had come out, and I put two of them into the nest of their nurses (No. 36) at 2 P.M. Both were at once attacked. At 2.45 they were being dragged about. 3 ditto. 3.30 one was being dragged about 4, both were being attacked. Eventually one was turned out of the nest. The other I lost sight of. August 4.-Put two more of this batch into nest No. 36, at 12.30. One was at once attacked. 1, one

was being dragged about by an antenna. 2.30, both were being attacked. At 2.45 one was dragged out of the nest.

I then put back one of the old ones; as might have been expected, she was received quite amicably.

I then tried the same experiment with another species, Lasius niger. I took some pupa from two of my nests, which I knew not to be on friendly terms, and which I will call 1 and 2, and confided each batch to three or four ants taken from the other nest. When they had come to maturity I introduced them into the nests as before.

They were taken from their nest on September 20; and the results were as follows.

Pupa from nest 1 confided to ants from nest 2.

September 20.-Put one of the young ones into nest 2 at 7.15 A.M. Several at once threatened her. At 7.25 one of the ants seized her by an antenna, and began dragging her about dragged about. 8, ditto. dragged about by three ants. 9, ditto.

7.30, she was still being 8.15, she was now being 8.30, she was still attacked.

At 9.15 she was dragged out of the nest. September 23.-Put two of the young ants into nest 1 at 9.15 A.M. One was at once attacked, and the other a few minutes afterwards. 9.45, both were attacked. 10, ditto. One was now dead and hanging on to a leg of assailant. 10 15 ditto. 10.45, both were still being dragged about.

At 11 A.M. I put into nest 2 three more very young