holy communion at the parish church; and where there is no workhouse chapel used exclusively for the purpose of divine worship, this rite should not be administered in the workhouse, except to the sick and disabled. But where there is a chapel, the communion may be celebrated in it, with the consent of the bishop of the diocese. Even in that case, however, those inmates who desire it, should be allowed to attend the parish church upon church holidays.

VIII.-SCHOOLMASTER AND SCHOOLMISTRESS.

These officers are appointed by the guardians of the union; the amount repaid to the guardians from the Parliamentary Grant in respect of the teachers' salaries depends upon the abilities and qualifications of the teacher, and the number of scholars in the school. The teachers are examined by the School Inspector under the direction of the Committee of Council on Education, who award certificates, fixing the amount to be repaid from the grant, but the fixed salary sanctioned by the Poor Law Board must in every case be paid to the teachers notwithstanding such certificates. The following are the regulations determined on by the Poor Law Board, in conjunction with the Committee of Council on Education, on the 6th May 1850, in regard to this point:— "Schoolmasters holding certificates of Efficiency, to receive from

the grant the sum of £30 a year, together with 5s. for each child in the school, up to the maximum payment of £60, where the certificate is No. 1; £55, where it is No. 2; and £50, where it is No. 3. The number of children to be reckoned in every case on the average number in the school during the twelve months preceding the examination by the inspector of schools. "Schoolmasters holding certificates of Competency, to receive the sum of £25, together with 4s. for each of the average number of children in the school, up to the maximum payment of £45, where the certificate is No. 1; £40, where it is No. 2; and £35, where it is No. 3. "Schoolmasters holding certificates of Probation, to receive the sum of £20, together with 3s. for each of the average number of children in the school, up to the maximum payment of £30, where the certificate is No. 1; £25, where it is No. 2; where it is No. 3, the salary remains at £20. "Schoolmaster holding certificates of Permission, No. 1, to receive the sum of £15 a year; No. 2, £10 a year; and No. 3, £5 a year. Teachers holding certificates of this class will not be entitled to any addition from the grant on account of the number of scholars under their

care.

"The payments from the grant to schoolmistresses will be in the proportion of four-fifths of those allowed to schoolmasters holding corresponding certificates of qualification.

"The following table will more clearly show the payments which will be made under this arrangement to the several classes of masters and mistresses :

between the Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Salary. Salary. Salary. Salary.

minimum and

maximum.

"The sums to be paid out of the parliamentary grant on account of the salaries of schoolmasters and schoolmistresses, will in general be regulated according to the table above given, but instances will probably arise, in which it may be deemed proper to assign a lower payment than that indicated in the table-as in the case of a very youthful teacher, who has only just entered upon his charge: or, a higher allowance-as in the case of a teacher of great merit, having charge of an extraordinary number of children.

"As the amount of fees will be regulated by the average number of children in the school during the year, an accurate record of the daily attendance in the school must be kept, and the guardians are requested to give the necessary directions for effecting this object.

"In a few instances the teachers do not reside in the workhouse, and are not provided with rations: and it is therefore necessary to state, that the sums set forth in the above table are to be paid to the teachers in addition to residence and rations, and that where these are not provided, the guardians will be required to allow the teacher the sum of £15 a year in lieu thereof, in order to entitle them to receive from the parliamentary grant the sum specified in the certificate.

"It is necessary further to observe, that until the salaries of the teachers shall in every instance be identical with the sums specified in the certificates, the salary heretofore paid, where it is less than the amount specified in the certificate, should be increased to that sum, the whole of which will be repaid to the guardians out of the parliamentary grant. Where the amount specified in the certificate is less than the salary heretofore paid, the stipulated salary should continue to be paid, notwithstanding the certificate, until the board's sanction be obtained for its reduction. In this latter case, the difference between the sum specified in the certificate and the stipulated salary, must be defrayed out of the union funds, as only the amount specified in the certificate will be repaid out of the grant."

But since the issue of these regulations, the following modifica tion of them has been made by the Poor Law Board, by Circular dated the 1st December, 1852:—

In the case of a teacher holding a certificate of Efficiency from the Committee of Council, an allowance of 5s. is at present made from the grant in respect of each child in the school up to a fixed maximum. From the 25th of March, 1853, it is intended that the allowance in respect of each such child shall be 10s., instead of 5s., up to the fixed maximum.

In the case of a teacher holding a certificate of Competency, an allowance of 4s. is at present made in respect of each child in the school up to a fixed maximum. From the 25th of March, 1853, it is intended that the allowance in respect of each child shall be 5s. instead of 4s., up to the fixed maximum.

Under the former plan, the Committee of Council awarded certificates of Permission, Nos. 1, 2, and 3, according to the attainments of the teachers. After the 25th of March, 1853, their lordships, acting on the understanding come to between them and the Poor Law Board, will award only one description of Permission certificates, which will be confined to teachers whose attainments would now entitle them to receive certificates of Permission, No. 1.

The plan, as detailed in the Circular of the 6th May, 1850, will in all other respects continue to be observed in the distribution of the parliamentary grant.

The following Table exhibits the sums to be allowed under the modified plan to the several classes of masters and mistresses :

To obviate any question as to the mode of regulating the allowance to the teachers, in cases where the boys and girls are instructed together in one school, under the joint superintendence of a master and mistress, from the 25th March, 1853, the Boys' Register of Attendance will, as in the case of separate schools, guide her Majesty's Inspectors of Schools in determining the average number of Scholars for which the master should be paid, and the Girls' Register of Attendance the average number of Scholars for which the mistress should be paid, irrespectively of any intermixture of the two sexes in the same school or classes.

The plan, embodied in the Board's Circular of the 6th May, 1850, will continue to govern the distribution of the Grant till the close of the year ending the 25th of March, 1853.

The certificates will be determined by the committee of council on education, on the report and examination papers submitted by the inspectors of schools; and the decision will be communicated from time to time to the Poor Law Board, who will inform the guardians.

As conditions of these grants being made, it is required that convenient and respectably furnished apartments be provided for the teachers in work houses; that they be supplied with rations

the same in kind and quantity as the master of the workhouse; that they be subjected to no menial offices; that they have proper assistance in the management of the children when not in school, so that they may have time for exercise, and for the education of their pupil teachers. With the view of encouraging teachers, who obtain certificates of competency and efficiency, by permitting, under the minutes of August and December, 1846, certain of their scholars to be apprenticed to them, and by allowing them the annual gratuities granted in those minutes for the instruction of their apprentices, the committee of council on education have resolved— "That one-half the above stipends of pupil teachers, and the entire gratuities to the teacher for the successful education of apprentices, be granted to teachers of workhouse schools holding certificates of competency or efficiency, on condition that the stipend of the pupil teacher be reserved by the committee of council to form a fund, which shall be given to him on his leaving the workhouse, if he successfully complete his apprenticeship, in order to provide for his further education in any training school which he may enter with their lordships' approbation."

The following is the form in which the Certificate of a Teacher in a Parochial Union School is granted by the committee of Council on Education:

Committee of Council on Education,
Council Office, Downing Street,

-Parochial Union School.

185-.

The Committee of Council on Education have considered the report of —, Esq. H. M. Inspector of Parochial Union Schools, respecting your examination before him on the

day of

185—, and have caused the papers which you wrote on that occasion to be reviewed.

Their lordships' estimate of your qualifications is stated below;
Religious Knowledge....
Spelling
Penmanship.

Qualifications
as shown
by the Papers.

Qualifications as reported by

H.M. Inspector

Arithmetic

Grammar
History.
Geography

Reading
Industrial Skill
Skill as a Teacher
State of School

Their lordships have not been furnished with any means of judging of your proficiency in those subjects of the foregoing list to which no qualifying word is added.

The class of Certificate which the Committee of Council on Education have awarded to you is a certificate of

Division, and it appears that the average number of scholars