Provided that

(a) Where sewerage or water supply sufficient for a water-closet is not reasonably available, this section shall be complied with by the provision of a privy or earthcloset; and

(b) Where a water-closet has before the commencement of this Act been and is used in common by the inmates of two or more houses, and in the opinion of the S. A. may continue to be properly so used, they need not require a water-closet to be provided for each house.

Every factory, workshop and workplace shall be provided with sufficient and suitable accommodation in the way of sanitary conveniences, regard being had to the number of persons employed, and when both sexes are, or are intended to be employed, or in attendance, with proper separate accommodation for persons of each sex. (Sect. 38.)

NOTE. For further information in respect to closets, privies, ashpits and cesspools, read Model Bye-laws thereon, at pp. 147-153.

I. Unsound Food.

Any M. O. H. or sanitary inspector may, at all reasonable times, enter any premises and inspect and examine— (a) Any animal intended for the food of man which is

exposed for sale, or deposited in any place for the purpose of sale or of preparation for sale, and (b) Any article, whether solid or liquid, intended for the food of man, and sold or exposed for sale, or deposited in any place for the purpose of sale or of preparation for sale,

the proof that the same was not exposed or deposited for

any such purpose, or was not intended for the food of man, resting with the person charged; and if any such animal or article appears to such medical officer or inspector to be diseased, or unsound, or unwholesome, or unfit for the food of man, he may seize and carry away the same himself or by an assistant, in order to have the same dealt with by justice. (Sect. 47.)

NOTE.-Compare with this the similar provision contained in "the Act," pp. 26 and 27. The penalty for contravening this section is very heavy, for in addition to the loss of the unsound food caused by its being destroyed, the defendant shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding fifty pounds for every animal or article, or to imprisonment for a term of not more than six months with or without hard labour. (Sect. 47.)

Sect. 47, sub-sect. 4, enacts as follows:

:

Where a person convicted of an offence under this section has been within twelve months previously convicted of an offence under this section, the Court may, if it thinks fit, and finds that he knowingly and wilfully committed both such offences, order that a notice of the facts be affixed, in such form and manner, and for such period not exceeding twentyone days, as the Court may order, to any premises occupied by that person, and that the person do pay the costs of such affixing; and if any person obstructs the affixing of such notice, or removes, defaces, or conceals the notice while affixed during the said period, he shall for each offence be liable to a fine not exceeding five pounds.

Sect. 47, sub-sect. 8, is important, and enacts as follows:

Where a person has in his possession any article which

P.

N

is unsound, or unwholesome, or unfit for the food of man, he may, by written notice to the S. A., specifying such article, and containing a sufficient identification of it, request its removal, and the S. A. shall cause it to be removed as if it were trade refuse.

new.

NOTE. Both this and the preceding sub-section are The utility of the latter is seen in all cases in which the defence is that the unsound food had been put aside for the purpose of destroying it, before the seizure took place, when the fact that the defendant might have availed himself of the right of having it removed, but did not do so, certainly supplies evidence of the absence of "bona fides" in such defence.

J. Provisions as to Water.

An occupied house without a proper and sufficient supply of water shall be a nuisance liable to be dealt with summarily under this Act, and, if it is a dwelling-house, shall be deemed unfit for human habitation. (Sect. 48.)

NOTE.-Business premises used only for business fall within the words an occupied house.

A house, which after the commencement of this Act is newly erected, or is pulled down to or below the ground floor and rebuilt, shall not be occupied as a dwelling-house until the S. A. have certified that it has a proper and sufficient supply of water, either from a water company, or by some other means. (Sect. 48.)

Where a water company may lawfully cut off the water supply to any inhabited dwelling-house and cease to supply such dwelling-house with water for non-payment of water rate or other cause, the company shall in every case, within

twenty-four hours after exercising the said right, give notice thereof in writing to the S. A. of the district in which the house is situated. (Sect. 49.)

Every S. A. shall make bye-laws for securing the cleanliness and freedom from pollution of tanks, cisterns, and other receptacles used for storing of water used, or likely to be used, by man for drinking or domestic purposes, or for manufacturing drink for the use of man. (Sect. 50.)

All existing public cisterns, reservoirs, wells, fountains, pumps, and works used for the gratuitous supply of water to the inhabitants of the district of any S. A. and not vested

in

any person or authority other than the S. A., shall vest in and be under the control of the S. A. (Sect. 51.)

Pollution of Water.

Heavy penalties are inflicted on persons for causing water to be corrupted by gas washings by sect. 52.

NOTE.-What offences are provided against, and what penalties are inflicted under this section, are given in “the Act" on p. 18.

K. Infectious Diseases.

A full list of these is given on p. 46. 1. Notification of Infectious Diseases. Sect. 55 enacts

(a) Whose duty it is to notify the presence of infec

tious disease, and

(b) The duties of a medical practitioner attending a patient with such disease.

Sect. 56 gives the S. A. power to add to number of infectious diseases of which notification is required.

Sect. 57 provides payment to medical practitioners attending such cases.

NOTE.-The above but reproduce the law as laid down by the "Infectious Disease (Notification) Act, 1889," which, so far as London is concerned, it repeals: pp. 47 and 48.

2. Prevention of Infectious Diseases.

Every S. A. shall provide, either within or without their district, proper premises with all necessary apparatus and attendance for the destruction and for the disinfection, and carriages or vessels for the removal, of articles (whether bedding, clothing, or other) which have become infected by any dangerous infectious disease. (Sect. 59.)

Sect. 60 provides for the cleansing and disinfecting of premises, and sect. 71 for the inspection of suspected dairies and power to prohibit the supply of milk therefrom.

NOTE.-These last two sections are reproductions of the law enacted by the "Infectious Disease (Prevention) Act, 1890," pp. 48 and 49.

Sect. 63 provides for a penalty on persons letting houses in which infected persons have been lodging, and sect. 64 a heavier punishment on persons who, when letting houses, make false statements as to infectious diseases.

NOTE.-Exactly similar penalties will be found in “the Act" at pp. 28 and 29.

Removal to a hospital of infected persons, without proper lodging, is provided for by sect. 66.