different modes, and from different points of vie power of association. They may also answer a goo pose, at a period of transition, in gradually educati perceive the advantages of the associative principle as permanent institutions would they not be worse the present individualism, inasmuch as they would sify and endear that individual selfishness, which is the same as the love of money, which is the root of all e One of the most successful of the associations kind referred to above, has been that of the "Ro Society of Equitable Pioneers."* Their statistick exceedingly interesting and instructive, but I hav space for a few results. "Fifteen years ago, by l saved contributions of three pence a week, some working men, most of them more or less inoculated by t trines of Robert Owen, had amassed a common capi £28." With this they established a "co-operative s for the "purchase of flour and groceries for sale a the members.” "Their numbers and their capital g ally increased." In a brief period-1849-the capi vested in the store amounted to some £1,200. Th tended the co-operative principle to other objects. have "their butcher's shop, their draper's shop, their making and tailoring business, their amply stocked cery and provision shop, their well supplied newstheir evening school, their library of three thousan

* ROCHDALE: "A small town in Lancashire, chiefly noted for wooler factures."

thus: "We heartily wish them success. The good that they have done in Rochdale and its vicinity we have endeavored to describe. The good which their example may do elsewhere we can hardly estimate. Coöperation in this form, purged from Owenism, and far removed from Communism-recognizing that the laws of political economy are as certain as the law of gravitation-recognizing, too, in direct contradiction to Communism, that, while human nature remains the same, the more direct and personal a man's interest in his work, the better for his work, for himself, and for others-may not improbably prove a most valuable ingredient in our social system. Certainly it has taught the men of Rochdale not only a most intelligent apprehension of their own interests, but a respect for the rights and an appreciation of the good-will of other classes which are too rarely found among working men." The concluding statement of this extract is very well, if rightly understood. It is probable they have become more considerate, that they have less of that impulsiveness, which uneducated men often have, to some extent, in common with children; but it may be doubted whether, on the whole, there is any essential improvement in their moral sentiments, beyond what may be traced to unadulterated and more wholesome food; it being indubitable, that the morale of peoples and nations and communities depends upon their food, far more than is generally supposed. Is it not possible that they have more of that love of the world, which the Scriptures so pointedly condemn?

Somewhat, (in the converse,) as the soldier became less brave, after being cured of a disease, that rendered life scarcely desirable. The chief who commanded his cure, expected quite a different result. It is probable that

they have improved in some respects, and deteriorated in others—or at least that they will, as the new influences develope themselves. The good or evil influence of the three thousand volumes of their library will depend very much upon the selection of books. The writer says, "while human nature remains the same," &c., see above. He seems not to be aware that it is the great, the paramount object of the true, scriptural, prophetical, millennial union, with God's help, entirely to change "human nature," to render it quite a different thing from what it has become, under the transmitted physiological and other influences of a hundred generations of isolated selfishness.

R

The designs of Providence are sometimes accomplished by the most unexpected means. A few years since it seemed as if, in the older free states of the American confederacy, the entire course of society would be interrupted by the impossibility of procuring tolerable domestick help. As if some form of social life, other than that in families, must be resorted to. Native help was no longer to be had. Just at this crisis the Irish help came in, and the evil was partially remedied. But how long will this last? The present prospect is, strangely incredible as it seems, that within a few years, in the fortress and citadel of Puritanism in America, the Irish Catholicks will be in the ascendant. They will choose our governors, control our legislatures, appoint our judges. The moment they have the vote, subtile and zealous chiefs will arise, like the invisible warriors of Roderick Dhu, to direct that vote. Heaven knows I have none of the popular, or once popular prejudice against our Catholick brethren; but it is something more than a truism to say that human nature is human nature. Whether Catholick Irish help, with the ultra American, democratick and radi

cal notions of independence superinduced, and with the added consciousness that their leaders have the political power, will serve to render the domestick hearth of Protestants the abode of quietness and peace, the family circle the sacred precinct of the still more blessed society above, is a question which some of those now on the stage may be called upon to assist in determining, before they have passed the meridian of life.

To conclude, the question very naturally arises, what are the signs of the times? Has the morning dawned? Is there evidence that the time has arrived, or will soon arrive, for commencing the millennial social union? I shall endeavour to make some reply to this question hereafter.

EXPERIMENTS ON THE ODIC FORCE.

XI. THE ODIC FORCE EARLY KNOWN BY ITS EFFECTS THE WORK OF REICHENBACH-PROCESS OF DIVINATION-ARTICLES IN THE JOURNAL OF MAN-COMMENCE EXPERIMENTING-LITERATURE OF THE ODIC FORCE-PENDULUM NOT MOVED BY UNCONSCIOUS MUSCULAR ACTIONPENDULUM MOVED BY OD-FORCE-TERMS EMPLOYED-DEFINITION OR DESCRIPTION OF ODFORCE-ODIC PROCESSES AT A DISTANCE.

THE odic force must have been known at a very early period, by its more ordinary phenomena. It is supposed to be a very considerable, if not the sole agent, in essential, as distinguished from poetical sympathy, in fascination, and in those processes which are called mesmeric. There is also a kind of divination, it may perhaps be called, and of which I shall speak hereafter, the efficient agent in which is unquestionably the odic force. But it was not till recently, that the power which causes the effects alluded to, was recognized as a separate element or essential principle. Perhaps the best method of introducing this recondite subject, which has elicited much incredulity, will be to give a brief account of my own early acquaintance with it.

I saw a notice of the work of Reichenbach on the odic force, soon after it was published.* I recollect very little about it, except that it appeared to me that the writer was

*Whether after the first publication of the work, in the "Annalen der Chemie" of Liebig, in 1845, or after that of the completed edition in 1848, I cannot say.