EXAMPLES. 1. He must in'crease, but I must decrease. 2. Joseph attends schools reg'ularly; but William, irregularly. 8. Did he perform his part gracefully, or un'gracefully? 4. There is a difference between pos'sibility and prob'ability. 5. We are not to inquire into the justice or in'justice, the non'or or dishonor of the deed; nor whether it was lawful or un'lawful, wise or un'wise. NOTE VI.-There are two kinds of Emphasis:Absolute and Antithetic. ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS is used to designate the important words of a sentence, without any direct reference to other words. 1. 2. EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS. And suffer such dishonor? Be we men, MEN, and wash not To-morrow, didst thou say? To-MORROW! In all the hoary registers of time. Cotton. 3. I shall know but one country. The ends I aim at, shall be "My COUNTRY's, my GoD's, and TXUTH's." Webster. 4. I was born an American; I live an American; I shall die an American. Id. 5. SPEAK OUT, my friends; would you exchange it for the DEMON'S DRINK, ALCOHOL? A shout, like the roar of a tempest, answered, “NO!” 6. You, noble Americans, we bless in the name of the God of liberty. Kossuth. 7. He paused a moment, and with an enchanting smile, whispered softly the name, "England!" Louder he cried, "ENGLAND!" He waved his handkerchief and shouted, "ENGLAND !” O SACRED FORMS! how proud you look! How high you lift your heads into the sky; 8, 9. How huge you are! how mighty and how free! Knowles. "HOLD!" Tyranny cries; but their resolute breath Sends back the reply, "INDEPENDENCE or DEATH!" QUESTIONS.-How many kinds of Emphasis are there? What is Absolute Emphasis? Give examples. NOTE VII.-ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS is that which is founded on the contrast of one word or clause with another. EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS. 1. If we have no regard for our own character, we ought, at least, to regard the characters of others. 2. The wicked flee when no man pursueth; but the righteous re bold as a lion. Bible. 3. Living I shall assert it, dying, I shall assert it. Webster. 4. You were paid to fight Alexander, not to rail at him. 5. He is the propitiation for our sins; and not for ours only, but for the sins of the whole world. Bible. 6. Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship. NOTE VIII.-The following examples contain two or more sets of Antitheses. 1. I will make the stars of the west the suns of the east. Kossuth. 2. We must hold them as we hold the rest of mankind-enemies in war, in peace, friends. Jefferson. 3. The wise man is happy when he gains his own approbation, the fool, when he gains that of others. 4. Without were fightings, within were fears. Bible. 5. When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice; but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn. Ibid. 6. Faithful are the wounds of a friend; but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful. Ibid. 7. Set honor in one eye, and death in the other, And I will look on both indifferently. 8. A man's first care should be to avoid the reproaches of his own heart; his next, to escape the censure of the world. 9. Religion raises men above themselves; irreligion sinks them beneath the brutes. 10. It is my living sentiment, and, by the blessing cˆ God, shall be my dying sentiment; independence Now, and independence FOREVER! Webster. NOTE IX.-The sense of a passage is varied by changing the place of the emphasis. QUESTIONS.-What is Antithetic Emphasis? Give examples. What effect has a change of Emphasis on the sense of a passage Examples EXAMPLES. 1. Has Jumes seen his brother to-day? 2. Has James seen his brother to-day? from him. 3. Has James seen his brother to-day? 4. Has James seen his brother to-day? bis sister. No; but Charles has. No; but he saw yours. 5. Has James seen his brother to-day? No; but he saw him yesterday. REMARK.-To determine the emphatic words of a sentence, as well as the degree and kind of emphasis to be employed, the reader must be governed wholly by the sentiment to be expressed. The idea is sometimes entertained that emphasis consists merely in loudness of tone. But it should be borne in mind, that the most intense emphasis may often be effectively expressed, even by a whisper. SECTION III. INFLECTIONS. INFLECTIONS are turns or slides of the voice, made in reading or speaking; as, Will you go All the various sounds of the human voice may be comprehended under the general appellation of tones. The principal modifications of these tones are the MONOTONE, the RISING INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION, and the CIRCUMFLEX. QUESTION.-How are the emphatic words of a sentence determined! What are Inflections? What are the principal modifications of the human voice! The Horizontal Line (-) denotes the Monotone. The Rising Slide (/) denotes the Rising Inflection, The Falling Slide () denotes the Falling Inflection. (~) denotes the Circumflex. The MONOTONE is that sameness of sound, which arises from repeating the several words or syllables of a passage in one and the same general tone. REMARK.-The Monotone is employed with admirable effect in the delivery of a passage that is solemn or sublime. EXAMPLES. 1. Mãn that is bōrn of a wōman, is of few days, and full of trouble. He cometh fōrth like a flower, and is cut down: hē flēēth ālsō ās ā shadow, and cōntīnūēth nōt. 2. Man diēth, and wāstēth āwāy: yeā, mān gīvēth up thē ghōst, and where is he? As the waters fail from thẻ sẽa, and the flōōd decayēth and driēth up, sō mãn līēth dōwn, and rīsēth not; till the heavens bē nō mōre, they shall not āwāke, nōr bē raised out of their sleep. 3. Fōr thus saith the high and lofty one that inhābītēth ētērnity, whose name is Hōly, I dwell in the high and hōly place. 4. Lōrd, Thōu hāst bēēn ōūr dwelling-place in all gēnērātiōns. Bēfōre the mountains were brought fōrth, ōr ēvēr thôũ hādst fōrmed the earth and the wōrld, ēvēn frōm ēvērlāsting tō ēvērlāsting, Thōu ārt Gōd. Bible. 5. O thôi thật rollest above, round as the shield of mỹ fathers! whence are thy beams, O sun! thŷ everlasting light? Ossian. 6. High on a thrōne of royal state, which fär Outshōne the wealth of Ormūs ōr of Ind, Or where thē gōrgēōūs ēast, with rīchēst hånd, REMARK. But the inappropriate use of the monotone,—a fault into which young people naturally fall, QUESTIONS.-How are they sometimes denoted? What is the Monotone? What passages should be read with the monotone ? Give examples. is a very grave and obstinate error. It is always tedious, and often even ridiculous. It should be studiously avoided. The RISING INFLECTION is an upward turn, or slide of the voice, used in reading or speaking; as, Are you prepared to recite your léssons? The FALLING INFLECTION is a downward turn, or slide of the voice, used in reading or speak In the falling inflection, the voice should not sink below the general pitch; but in the rising inflection, it is raised above it. The two inflections may be illustrated by the follow ing diagrams: QUESTIONS.-What is the Rising Inflection? What is the Falling Inflection In the falling inflection should the voice sink below the general pitch Is it raised above the general pitch in the Rising Inflection |