Where it appears to a Secretary of State that in any class of A.D. 1878. factories or workshops or parts thereof, the regulations in this section are not required for the purpose of securing therein the observance of the requirements of this Act as to cleanliness, or are 5 by reason of special circumstances inapplicable, he may if he thinks fit, by order made under this part of this Act, grant to such class of factories or workshops or parts thereof, a special exception that the regulations in this section shall not apply thereto. and wash bakehouses. 34. Where a bakehouse is situate in any city town or place Limewash10 containing, according to the last published census for the time ing, painting, being, a population of more than five thousand persons, all the ing of the inside walls of the rooms of such bakehouse, and all the ceilings or interior of tops of such rooms (whether such walls ceilings or tops be plastered 26 & 27 Vict. or not), and all the passages and staircases of such bakehouse, c. 40. s. 4. 15 shall either be painted with oil or varnished or be limewashed, or be partly painted or varnished and partly limewashed; where painted with oil or varnished there shall be three coats of paint or varnish, and the paint or varnish shall be renewed once at least in every seven years, and shall be washed with hot water and soap once at least in 20 every six months; where limewashed the limewashing shall be renewed once at least in every six months. A bakehouse in which there is any contravention of this section shall be deemed not to be kept in conformity with this Act. 35. Where a bakehouse is situate in any city town or place con- Provision as 25 taining, according to the last published census for the time being, to sleeping places near a population of more than five thousand persons, a place on the bakehouses. same level with the bakehouse, and forming part of the same 26 & 27 Vict building, shall not be used as a sleeping place, unless it is constructed as follows; that is to say, 30 35 unless it is effectually separated from the bakehouse by a Any person who lets or occupies or continues to let or knowingly suffers to be occupied any place contrary to this section, shall be liable to a fine not exceeding, for the first offence, twenty shillings, and for every subsequent offence five pounds. c. 40. s. 5. 36. If in a factory or workshop where grinding glazing or Provision as 40 polishing on a wheel, or any process is carried on, by which dust to ventilation by fan in is generated and inhaled by the workers to an injurious extent, factories and it appears to an inspector that such inhalation could be to a great workshops. 30 & 31 Vict. c. 103. s. 9. 30 & 31 Vict. A.D. 1878. extent prevented by the use of a fan or other mechanical means, the inspector may direct a fan or other mechanical means of a proper construction for preventing such inhalation to be provided within a reasonable time; and if the same is not provided maintained and used, the factory or workshop shall be deemed not 5 to be kept in conformity with this Act. c. 146. s. 8. Protection of workers ning. 37. A child, young person, or woman shall not be employed in in wet-spin- any part of a factory in which the wet-spinning of flax hemp jute or tow is carried on, unless sufficient means be employed and continued for protecting the workers from being wetted, and, 10 where hot water is used, for preventing the escape of steam into the room occupied by the workers. 7 & 8 Vict. c. 15. ss. 19, 32. Prohibition of employment of children and young persons in certain factories or workshops. See A factory in which there is a contravention of this section shall be deemed not to be kept in conformity with this Act. (2.) Special Restrictions as to Employment, Meals, and Certificates 15 of fitness. 38. A child or young person shall not, to the extent mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act, be employed in the factories or workshops or parts thereof named in that schedule. Notice of the prohibition in this section shall be affixed in a 20 27 & 28 Vict. factory or workshop to which it applies. 30 & 31 Vict. c. c. 146. s. 6. (5.) of taking meals in certain parts of factories and work shops. 39. A child, young person, or woman shall not be allowed to take a meal or to remain during the times allowed for meals in the parts of factories or workshops to which this section applies; and a child, young person, or woman allowed to take a meal or to remain 25 in contravention of this section shall be deemed to be employed contrary to the provisions of this Act. Notice of the prohibition in this section shall be affixed in a See 27 & 28 factory or workshop to which it applies. Vict. c. 48. S. 6. This section applies to the parts of factories or workshops named 30 30 & 31 Vict. in the Second Schedule to this Act. c. 103. s. 8. Where it appears to a Secretary of State that by reason of the nature of the process in any class of factories or workshops or parts thereof not named in the said schedule, the taking of meals therein is specially injurious to health, he may, if he thinks fit, 35 by order made under this part of this Act extend the prohibition in this section to the said class of factories or workshops or parts thereof. If the prohibition in this section is proved to the satisfaction of a Secretary of State to be no longer necessary for the protection of 40 the health of children young persons and women in any class of A.D. 1878. factories or workshops or parts thereof to which the prohibition has been extended by an order, he may, by an order made under this part of this Act, rescind the order of extension, without prejudice never5 theless to the subsequent making of another order. works and bleaching and time 40. In print works and bleaching and dyeing works the period In print of employment for a child young person and woman, and the times allowed for meals, shall be the same as if the said works were a and dyeing works, textile factory, and the regulations of this Act with respect to period of 10 the employment of children young persons and women in a textile employment factory shall apply accordingly, as if print works and bleaching allowed for and dyeing works were textile factories; save that nothing in this meals. section shall prevent the continuous employment of a child young person or woman in the said works without an interval of half an 15 hour for a meal, for the period allowed by this Act in a non-textile factory. of children under 41. Where it appears to a Secretary of State that by reason of Power to special circumstances affecting any class of workshops it is expedient tificates of require cerfor protecting the health of the children and of the young persons fitness for 20 under the age of sixteen years employed therein, to extend thereto employment the prohibition in this section mentioned, he may, by order made and young under this part of this Act, extend to such class of workshops the persons prohibition in this Act of the employment of children and young sixteen in persons under the age of sixteen years without a certificate of the certain workshops. 25 fitness of such child or young person for employment, and thereupon the provisions of this Act with respect to certificates of fitness for employment shall apply to the class of workshops named in the order in like manner as if they were factories. If the prohibition is proved to the satisfaction of the Secretary of 30 State to be no longer necessary for the protection of the health of the children and the young persons under the age of sixteen years employed in any class of workshops to which it has been extended under this section, he may by order made under this part of this Act rescind the order of extension, without prejudice nevertheless 35 to the subsequent making of another order. (3.) Special Exceptions relaxing General Law in certain Factories (a.) Period of Employment. 42. In the factories and workshops or parts thereof to which Period of em40 this exception applies the period of employment for young persons tween 8 a.m. ployment beand women, if so fixed by the occupier and specified in the notice, and 8 p.m., in certain cases. See 30 & 31 A.D. 1878. may, except on Saturday, begin at eight o'clock in the morning and end at eight o'clock in the evening, and on Saturday may begin at eight o'clock in the morning and end at four o'clock in the afterVict. c. 103. noon, or where it begins at seven o'clock in the morning may end at three o'clock in the afternoon; and the period of employment for 5 a child in a morning set may begin at the same hour, and the period of employment for a child in an afternoon set may end at the same hour. sch. 12. c. 146. sch. 9. Power to and 9 p.m. in certain cases. This exception applies to the factories and workshops and parts thereof specified in Part One of the Third Schedule to this Act. 10 Where it is proved to the satisfaction of a Secretary of State that the customs or exigencies of the trade carried on in any class of non-textile factories or workshops or parts thereof, either generally or when situate in any particular locality, require the extension thereto of this exception, and that the extension can be made 15 without injury to the health of the children young persons and women affected thereby, he may by order made under this part of this Act extend this exception accordingly. 43. Where it is proved to the satisfaction of a Secretary of State that the customs or exigencies of the trade carried on in any class 20 period of em- of non-textile factories or workshops or parts thereof, either geneployment berally or when situate in any particular locality, require that the tween 9 a.m. special exception hereafter in this section mentioned should be granted, and that such grant can be made without injury to the health of the children young persons and women affected thereby, 25 he may by order made under this part of this Act grant to such class of factories or workshops or parts thereof a special exception, that the period of employment for young persons and women therein, if so fixed by the occupier and specified in the notice, may on any day except Saturday begin at nine o'clock in 30 the morning and end at nine o'clock in the evening, and in such case the period of employment for a child in a morning set shall begin at nine o'clock in the morning, and the period of employment for a child in an afternoon set shall end at eight o'clock in the evening. 35 Power of working male young persons above 16 in lace factories. 44. The regulations of this Act with respect to the employment of young persons in textile factories shall not prevent the employment, in the part of a textile factory in which a machine for the manufacture of lace is moved by steam water or other mechanical power, of any male young person above the age of sixteen years 40 between four o'clock in the morning and ten o'clock in the evening, 5 10 15 if he is employed in accordance with the following conditions; A.D. 1878. namely, (a.) Where such young person is employed on any day before the (b.) Where such young person is employed on any day before the (c.) Where such young person is employed on any day after the For the purpose of this exception the ordinary period of employment in the factory means the period of employment for young persons under the age of sixteen years or women in the factory, 20 or if none are employed means such period as can under this Act be fixed for the employment of such young persons and women in the factory, and notice of such period shall be affixed in the factory. 24 & 25 Vict. c. 117. 8. 2. 37 & 38 Vict c. 44. s. 11. sons above 16 in bake 45. The regulations of this Act with respect to the employment Power of working male of young persons in non-textile factories or workshops shall not young per25 prevent the employment, in the part of a bakehouse in which the process of baking bread is carried on, of any male young person houses. above the age of sixteen years between five o'clock in the morn- See 26 & 27 ing and nine o'clock in the evening, if he is employed in accordance Vict. c. 40. with the following conditions; namely, 30 35 40 (a.) Where such young person is employed on any day before the (b.) Where such young person is employed on any day before the (c.) Where such young person is employed on any day after the s. 3. |