of limited populations, 265; of heredity, 266; of variation, 266; of change of physical con- ditions, 266; of the equilibrium of nature, 266; as opposed to continual interference, 268. LAYCOCK, Dr., on law of " uncon-
scious intelligence," 360. LEAF BUTTERFLY, appearance and habits of, 59-61.
LEPIDOPTERA, especially subject to variation, 132.
LEPTALIS, species of mimic Heli-
conidæ, 82; gain a protection thereby, 259.
LESTER, Mr. J. M., on wood-dove
LEVAILLANT, on formation of a nest, 224.
Limenitis archippus, 88.
Limenitis limire, 172; procris, 172. LIZARDS refusing certain moths and caterpillars, 121; devour- ing bees, 121.
LOCAL FORMS, 158.
LOCAL variation of form, 169; of colour, 173; general remarks on, 174; in Celebesian butter- flies, probable use of, 175. LOCUSTIDA, adaptive colouring of, 64.
LUMINOUSNESS of some insects a protection, 71. LYCENIDE, probable means of pro- tection of, 176.
MAMMALS, mimicry among, 107. MAN, does he build by reason or imitation, 212; his works mainly imitative, 225; antiquity of, 303, 322; difference of opinion as to
his origin, 304; unity or plural- ity of species, 305; persistence of type of, 306; importance of mental and moral characters, 312; his dignity and supremacy, 324; his influence on nature, 326; his future development, 326; range of intellectual power in, 339; rudiments of all the higher faculties in savage, 341; his feet and hands, difficulties on the theory of natural selec- tion, 349: his voice, 350; his mental faculties, 351; difficulty as to the origin of the moral sense in, 352; development of, probably directed by a superior intelligence, 359.
MANTIDE, adaptive colouring of, 64; mimicking white ants, 98. MALACODERMS, a protected group, 93.
MATTER, the nature of, 363; Mr. Bayma on, 363; is force, 365. MECHANITIS and Methona, mi- micked by Leptalis, 83. MECOCERUS, dimorphism of, 155. Mecocerus gazella, 94. MEGACEPHALON, 196.
MEGAPODIDÆ, sexual colouring and nidification of, 246. MEROPOGON, 196. Midas dives, 97.
MIMETA, mimicking Tropidorhyn- chus, 104.
MIMICRY, meaning of the word, 74; theory of, 76; among Lepi- doptera, 77; how it acts as a protection, 80, 81; of other in- sects by Lepidoptera, 89; among
beetles, 91; of other insects by beetles, 95; of insects by species of other orders, 97; among the vertebrata, 99; among snakes, 101; among tree frogs, 103; among birds, 103; among mam- mals, 107; objections to the theory of, 108; by female in- sects, 110; among Papilionidæ, 179; never occurs in the male only, 260.
MOMOTIDE, sexual colouring and nidification of, 241. MONTROUZIER, M., on butterflies of Woodlark Island, 152. MORAL sense, difficulty as to the origin of, 352. MORPHOS, how protected, 73. MURRAY, Mr. Andrew, objections to theory of mimicry, 108. MUSCICAPIDE, sexual colouring and nidification of, 245. MUSOPHAGIDÆ, sexual colouring and nidification of, 242.
NAPEOGENES, all the species are mimickers, 85. NATURAL selection, the principle stated, 41-43; general accept- ance of the theory of, 46; tabular demonstration of, 302; outline of theory of, 307; its effects on man and animals dif- ferent, 311; hardly acts among civilized societies, 330; what it can not do, 333; cannot pro- duce injurious or useless modi- fications, 334. NECTARINEIDÆ, 254. NECYDALIDÆ, mimic Hymenop- tera, 96.
Nemophas grayi, a Longicorn mi- micked by a Longicorn, 95. NESTS of Birds, why different, 215; of young birds, how built, 219; construction of, described by Levaillant, 224; imperfec- tions in, 229; influenced by changed conditions and per- sistent habits, 232; classification of, according to function, 237. NEW FORMS, how produced by variation and selection, 286. NEW GUINEA, relation of the seve- ral Papuan islands to, 194. NOCTURNAL animals, colours of,
OBEREA, species resemble Ten- thredinidæ, 96.
Odontocera odyneroides, 96. ODONTOCHEILA, 97.
Odynerus sinuatus, 90.
Onthophilus sulcatus, like a seed, 58.
Onychocerus scorpio, resembles bark, 56.
ORANGE-TIP butterfly, protective colouring of, 59.
ORCHIS, structure of an, explained by natural selection, 271. Orgyia antiqua and O. gonostigma, autumnal colours of, 62. ORIOLIDÆ, 253.
Ornithoptera priamus, 145, 173; O. helena, 173.
Oxyrhopus petolarius, O. trigemi- nus, O. formosus, 102.
OWEN, Professor, on more gene- ralized structure of extinct ani- mals, 298.
PACHYOTRIS fabricii, 96. PACHYRHYNCHI, weevils mimicked by Longicorns, 95. PALEOTHERIUM, 299. PALOPLOTHERIUM, 299.
PAPILIO, black and red group imi- tated, 84.
Papilio achates, 147; P. adaman- tius, 171; P. ænigma, 87; P. agamemnon, 141, 158, 170, 171; P. agestor, 180; P. alphenor, 148, 169; P. amanga, 151; P. androcles, 171; P. androgeus, 88, 147, 180, 183; P. antiphates, 141, 171; P. antiphus, 87, 150, 170, 180, 183; P. aristæus, 171; P. arjuna, 141; P. ascalaphus, 171; P. autolycus, 160; P. bathy- cles, 141; P. blumei, 171; P. brama, 171; P. caunus, 87, 179; P. codrus, 160, 171; P. cöon, 88, 146, 180, 182; P. deiphobus, 140; P. deiphontes, 171; P. delessertii, 180; P. demolion, 171; P. diphi- lus, 87, 170, 180, 183; P. double- dayi, 88, 180; P. elyros, 148; P. encelades, 171; P. erectheus, 151; P. euripilus, 160; P. evemon, 159; P. gigon, 171; P. glaucus, 152; P. hector, 87, 150, 180, 183; P. helenus, 160, 171; P. hospi- ton, 178; P. ideoides, 180; P. jason, 159, 171; P. ledebouria, 148, P. leucothoë, 171; P. leoda- mas, 170; P. liris, 87, 180, 184; P. macareus, 179; P. machaon, 178; P. melanides, 148, 150; P. memnon, 88, 140, 146, 147, 152, 180, 183; P. milon, 171; P. ne- phelus, 140; P, nicanor, 170; P œnomaus, 88, 180, 184; P. onesi-
mus, 151; P. ormenus, 150, 152, 182; P. pammon, 147, 152, 170, 180; P. pamphylus, 171; P. pandion, 152, 180; P. paradoxa, 87, 179; P. peranthus, 160, 171; P. pertinax, 145; P. philoxenus, 182; P. polydorus, 88, 170, 182; P. polytes, 147, 148; P. rhesus, 171; P. romulus, 87, 148, 150, 183; P. sarpedon, 141, 158, 171; P. sataspes, 171; P. severus, 140, 144; P. theseus, 87, 148, 150, 169, 170, 171, 180, 183: P. thule, 179; P. torquatus, 156; P. turnus, 152; P. ulysses, 140, 160, 173; P. varuna, 88. PAPILIONIDE, the question of their rank, 133; peculiar characters possessed by, 134; peculiarly diurnal, 136; compared with groups of mammalia, 138; dis- tribution of, 140; large forms of Celebes and Moluccas, 168; large forms of Amboyna, 169; local variation of form, 169; arrangement of, 186; geogra- phical distribution of, 189; of Indo-Malay and Austro-Malay regions, 192; of Java, Suma- tra, and Borneo, 193. PARIDE, sexual colouring and nidi- fication of, 243.
PASSENGER pigeon, cause of its great numbers, 308.
PATENT inventions, as illustrating classification, 295.
Phacellocera batesii, mimics one of the Anthribidæ. Phalaropus fulicarius, 115, 251. PHASMIDE, imitate sticks and
twigs, 64; females resembling RACES, or subspecies, 160; of
PHYLLIUM, Wonderful protective colour and form of, 64. PHYSALIA, 258.
PIERIDE, local modification of
PIERIS, females only imitating Heliconidæ, 112.
Pieris coronis, 172; eperia, 172. Pieris pyrrha, 113.
PICIDE, sexual colouring and nidi- fication of, 242.
PIPRIDE, sexual colouring and nidification of, 245. PITTIDE, 253.
Pliocerus equalis, 101; P. elapoides, P. euryzonus, 102. Paciloderma terminale, 93. POLARITY, Forbes' theory of, 17,
POLYMORPHISM, 145; illustration of, 157. POPULATION of species, law of, 28; does not permanently increase, 29; not determined by abun- dance of offspring, 29; checks to, 30; difference in the case of cats and rabbits explained, 32. PREVISION, a case of, 122. PRIONITURUS, 196. PROTECTION, various modes in which animals obtain it, 69-71, 258; greater need of, in female insects and birds, 113. PROTECTIVE Colouring, theory of, 65.
PSITTACI (Parrots), sexual colour-
ing and nidification of, 242. PTEROSAURIA, 298.
PTYCHODERES, 94.
man, origin of, 319. REDBREAST and woodpigeon, pro-
tective colouring of, 53, 54. REPRESENTATIVE groups, 9; of Tro- gons, butterflies, &c., 12. REPTILES, protective colouring of,
54. RHAMPHASTIDÆ, sexual colouring and nidification of, 242. RHINOCEROS, 299.
RIVER system, as illustrating self- adaptation, 276.
ROSES, Mr. Baker on varieties of, 165.
RUDIMENTARY organs, 23.
SALVIN, Mr. Osbert, on a case of bird mimicry, 107.
Saturnia pavonia-minor, protective colouring of larva of, 63. SATYRIDE, probable means of pro- tection of, 176. SAUROPTERYGIA, 299.
SAVAGES, why they become extinct, 319; undeveloped intellcct of, 339, 341; intollect of, compared with that of animals, 341, 343; protect their backs from rain, 346.
SCANSORIAL birds, nests of, 238. SCAPHURA, 98.
SCISSIROSTRUM, 165.
SCOPULIPEDES, brush-legged bees, 91.
SCUDDER, Mr., on fossil insects, 301. SCUTELLERIDÆ, mimicked by Long- icorns, 96.
Sesia bombiliformis, 90.
SESIIDE, mimic Hymenoptera, 90. SEXES, Comparative importance of,
in different classes of animals, 111; diverse habits of, 156. SEXUAL SELECTION, 156; its nor- mal action to develop colour in both sexes, 247; among birds, 283.
SIDGWICK, Mr. A., on protective colouring of moths, 62. SIMOCYONIDÆ, 300.
SITTA, sexual colouring and nidi- fication of, 243. SITTELLA, sexual colouring and nidification of, 243. SNAKES, mimicry among, 101. SONG of birds, instinctive or imita- tive, 220.
SPECIES, law of population of, 28; abundance or rarity of, depend- ent on the adaptation to condi- tions, 33; definition of, 141, 161; the range and constancy of, 143; extreme variation in, 163, 164.
SPEED of animals, limits of, 292. Sphecia craboniforme, 90. Sphecomorpha chalybea, 96. SPHEGIDE, mimicked by flies, 97. SPIDERS, which mimic ants, 98; and flower buds, 99. Spilosoma menthastri, 88. STAINTON, Mr., on moths rejected
by turkeys, 78, 88. STALACHTIS, a genus of Erycinidæ, the object of mimicry, 84. STINGING insects generally conspi- cuously coloured, 72. STREPTOCITTA, 196.
STURNIDÆ, sexual colouring and
nidification of, 244. STURNOPASTOR, 239. ST. HELENA, 10.
Streptolabis hispoides, 93. STRUGGLE for existence, 28, 33. SURVIVAL of the fittest, law of, stated, 33; its action in deter- mining colour, 67.
SWAINSON'S circular and quinarian
SYLVIADE, sexual colouring and nidification of, 245 SYNAPTA, 258.
TACHORNIS phænicobea, 228. Tachyris hombronii, 172; ithome, 172; lycaste, 172; lyncida, 172; nephele, 172; nero, 172; zarinda, 172.
TANAGRIDÆ, sexual colouring and nidification of, 245.
TELEPHORI, similar colouring of two sexes, 114.
TEMPERATE and cold climates fa- vourable to civilization, 318. THECODONTIA, 299.
THERATES, mimicked by Hetero- mera, 95.
Thyca descombesi, 172; hyparete, 172; rosenbergii, 172; zebuda, 172.
TIGER, adaptive colouring of, 52. TIMES newspaper on Natural Selec- tion, 296.
TOOLS, importance of, to man, 314.
TREE FROGS, probable mimicry by, 103.
TRIMEN, Mr., on rank of the Papi- lionidæ, 136.
TRISTRAM, Rev. H., on colours of desert animals, 50.
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