proceeded by easy stages to Paris, they arrived in that capital previously to the 10th, on the morning of which day they were alarmed by the ringing of the tocsin, and the firing of the cannon; and although they did not witness, yet were in the immediate vicinity of that scene which began with the siege of the Thuilleries, and concluded with the execution of Louis XVI. and a war with England.

The ferocious and disgraceful massicres that ensued having rendered any further residence not only unpleasant, but also unsafe, they took their departure on the 4th of September, after a stay of little more than three weeks.

In the neighbourhood of Lisle a body of gens d'armes, who were hastening to the relief of that important fortress, then invested by the Austrians, on perceiving the carriage, immediately exclaimed, "Vive la Nation! vive la Republic !" which was of course followed by a suitable answer, as well on the part of the company within, as the attendants on the outside of the carriage. But this ceremony having become fatiguing, in consequence of the frequency with which it occurred, one of the servants at length omitted to make the proper reply, on which a soldier seized the bridle of his horse, and ordered him to repeat the words. As the man did not immediately comply, another levelled his piece, and would have probably fired, had not Lord Lauderdale immediately interposed, and stated that the delinquent was an Englishman, who did not understand their language. On this the soldier raised his musket, and a young officer

N 4

officer waved his hat, exclaiming, at the same time, "Vivent les Anglois !"

When they arrived at the first post-house, they found part of the same detachment carousing and singing patriotic songs. Elevated with wine, and intoxicated with those dreams of glory, since but too fully realized, they already talked of driving the beg garly Austrians from before Lisle, after which they declared their intentions to follow them to Brussels, where they would pass the winter. This interview was not wholly unattended with danger, for one of them addressing Lord Lauderdale, told him plainly "that he saw he was an Englishman, but he hoped not a lord, for all the members of the house of peers

were •

As the distracted situation of France did not render the idea of passing through the southern departments comfortable, it was determined to postpone the journey to Italy until a more convenient season. His lordship, accompanied by Dr. Moore and one of his sons, accordingly returned to England in the course of the winter, wisely preferring security even in a bleak and uncertain climate, to the sunshine and genial warmth of the south, when accompanied with inevitable difficulty and danger.

The last publication by Ld. Lauderdaleis entitled" An Enquiry into the Nature and Origin of public Wealth, and into the Means and Causes of its Increase;" which was printed at Edinburgh in the spring of the present year. In this volume, which will perhaps be soon fol

*Les gueux des Autrichiens."

lowed

lowed by another, his lordship, who exhibits a consi derable degree of novelty in his remarks, differs greatly from many of our writers on the subject of political œconomy, and not unfrequently from Adam Smith, the celebrated author of the "Wealth of Nations." He observes (p. 55), "not only that the sum total of individual riches cannot be considered as an accurate description or definition of the wealth of a nation; but that, on the contrary, it may be generally affirmed that an increase of riches, when arising from alterations in the quantity of commodities, is always a proof of an immediate diminution of wealth, and a diminution of riches is evidence of an immediate increase of wealth and this proposition will be found invariably true, (adds the noble writer) with the exception of a single case, which will be afterwards explained. Thus it becomes necessary to adopt a definition of public wealth, which conveys a different idea of it from what has been generally received; and it is therefore submitted that wealth may be actually defined-to consist of all that man desires as useful or delightful to him.”

The following is the dedication:

66 SIR,

TO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS

"THE PRINCE OF WALES.

"If gratitude for kindness uniformly shewn me did not point Out YOUR ROYAL HIGHNESS as the person to whom I ought to inscribe any little effort of my industry, the anxious zeal which constantly animates YOUR ROYAL HIGHNESS's breast for the welfare of a people amongst whom, fortunately for the British empire, you hold a station so illustrious and pre-eminent, would naturally

suggest

suggest YOUR ROYAL HIGHNESS, as the person under whose protection a work ought to be placed, the object of which is to eluci date the elementary principles of a science, on which the happiness as well as the wealth of mankind depends.

"I am, with the highest sense of duty, and most profound feeling of respect,

6 SIR,

"Your ROYAL HIGHNESS'S

"Much obliged and most humble servant, 66 LAUDERDALE.”

The Earl of Lauderdale is a nobleman of high character, undoubted honour, and acknowledged reputation. He is now about forty-five years of age, and has sat during six years as one of the sixteen peers of Scotland. His lordship possesses great talents for business, and has evinced a spirit of enquiry, and even of laborious investigation, scarcely compatible with his health. His eldest son, James Viscount Maitland, is now nearly of age. Two of his brothers are in the army. The honourable T. Maitland in 1798 received a commission as colonel, and served with the rank of a general officer in the West Indies, particularly at St. Domingo. He sat in a former parliament, and also in the present, for the boroughs of Jedburgh, Haddington, Dunbar, North Berwick, and Lauder. The honourable W. M. Maitland attained the rank of colonel in the promotion that took place January 1,

1801.

MRS.

MRS. CRESPIGNY.

AMONG various topics of conversation, none are more common with certain classes of society, than the vices and follies of the great. Their luxury, licentiousness, and affectation, are matters of wonder, and objects of abhorrence. Their whole lives are called in review. It is said that their mornings are devoted to sloth; their noons to idleness; while their evenings and nights are sacrificed to the demons who preside over vice and mischief. "How worthless an existence!" exclaims the moralizing speaker ; "what an unpardonable abuse of riches and power! surely such beings are of a different nature from the sober industrious citizen, who works for his bread, and eats it in innocency."

If the riches and power of the great form the basis of their ill-conduct, on that very ground an ingenious apologist may discover an excuse for a large portion of their supposed turpitude. Most men require a stimulus to action. The great are bereft of that which is common to all beneath them. Born to affluence; knowing no want; leaving no wish unsatisfied, the mind is stopped at the moment it would start for the goal. Nothing is in prospect; all in possession. Pleasures press forward and overwhelm it with enjoyment. It sinks in drowsy fruition amid. a thousand sweets; and hardly conscious of sensation, lies on its bed of flowers, imbibing poison with their fragrance.

Is this disordered state of the soul, a soil for vir

tue?