Some Participles become Nouns. The constant dropping of water will wear stones. This is Mr. P.'s writing. I heard a dreadful howling. I suppose the dogkillers were at work. The spoiled child set up a loud bellowing when his mother took away the book he was tearing. The farmers have begun their hay making. Lesson 156. Participles are used to avoid Conjunctions or Relatives. (See Lesson 149. Not knowing.) General Gage, seeing the Americans at work on Bunker Hill, sent three thousand men to drive them away. The Americans kept still till the British came near, and then took good aim, and killed nearly a thousand of them. More British troops came, and the Americans having spent all their powder, retreated. (See Lesson 76:) Seeing when he saw. Having spent = = who had spent. A hunter having wounded a deer, followed it for some time, and suddenly met a lion holding the deer by the throat. The man and the lion stood looking at each other for some minutes. The hunter was afraid to fire; knowing that if he only wounded the lion, the terrible animal would spring upon him and kill him. He retired trembling, and left the deer to the lion. He had more prudence than courage. I dreamed that I saw a giant cracking nuts, and the nuts were dead men's skulls. I saw him coming to crack mine, and awoke in a fright. Lewellyn, a chief of Wales, went to hunt, learing his infant boy alone in the cradle. While hunting he missed his dog. When he returned home, he met the dog at the door all bloody. The child's bed was torn to pieces, but he could not find the child. Believing that the dog had killed and devoured his child, he flew into a rage and killed him. The dying cry of the dog awakened the child. which was quietly sleeping under the bed clothes in a corner. Lewellyn ran to take it up, and found the body of a terrible wolf, which the faithful dog had killed after a desperate battle, to save the child. He bitterly lamented his haste and wept for his noble dog. Lesson 157. The Passive Participle. 1. As an Adjective. The body of an unknown man was found in the river near Castle Garden. Mrs. X. is a married woman, but does not live with her husband. He got drunk and abused her, and she had to leave him. People who buy stolen goods, (knowing that they were stolen) are as bad as the thief. 2. After the verbs, get, have, see, want and hear. I had my hair cut yesterday. A man went to a bad house, and had his pocket picked. Take care, or you will get your nose broken. I heard a cannon fired this morning. I suppose it was from a ship of war in the bay. Did you ever see a person baptized? "Do you wish to get married ?" "No, but I wish to see a wedding. I never saw any one married.” Lesson 158. Idiomatic Uses of the Infinitive. 1. After is and are it has a future sense, especially to denote something appointed or directed to be done. The Directors are to meet next Tuesday. 2. Going to (about to) marks thatthe event is near. It is going to rain. Miss A. is going to be married, 3. Have to, marks necessity. We had to kill our dog. He chased sheep. John let his slate fall. I heard a dog bark. I felt the floor shake, I saw a foolish boy swallow a live fish. Idiom. You had better not go to the city today. Take pains to inculcate the difference between, “I saw a boy shoot a bird,” and “I saw a boy shooting birds,” “I saw a man catch an eel," "I saw a man catching crabs." Part I. p. 199, and note 29, p. 303. turned round and hunted the man. It was a chase for life or death. The terrified hunter spurred his horse till the blood' ran down his sides. The elethe chase, and the man escap phant at last gave up ed, but the horse was spoiled. 2. It marks the only thing of the kind, or the whole class. The sun. The moon. The stars. The air. The earth. The sea. The world. 3. It marks all of the kind we can see before us at any one place. The clouds. The snow. The woods. The The grass. The ground. The horizon. The fields. The country. hills. The sky. The street. The town, &c. The light. The winds. The dew. The dust, &c. 4. It is used with the superlative. (Lesson 92.) Lyons is a large city in France. Paris is the largest city in France. 5. It is used with ordinal numbers. (Lesson 3.) Our Directors meet on the second Tuesday in every month. 6. It is often used with Relatives. (Compare Lessons 99 and 102.) 1i. e. The horse's blood. |