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the gradual conversion of Henry Lenox from deism to the true faith and a holy life. The plot is ingenious, and the incidents natural and dramatic, but the novel is on the whole inferior to the Countess Ida.

Mr. Fay's last work is a novelette entitled Robert Rueful, published in 1844. Besides his books he has written much in the literary journals, and among other things a series of very clever papers on Shakspeare.

A DUEL.

FROM THE COUNTESS IDA.

[CLAUDE WYNDHAM is in Berlin, where he has been the subject of continued persecutions by a soi-disant Lord Elkington, who, after many unsuccessful efforts to bring about a hostile meeting, finally strikes him at a court ball. Denham, a friend to Wyndham, just arrived from London, witnesses the act, and while our hero, stung almost to madness by the injury, is endeavouring, in the privacy of a night walk in the Thiergarten, to regain the mastery of his passions, he gives the duellist a meeting.]

CLAUDE went back to his hotel in a state of mind bordering on distraction, but it had the effect to divert him from the consideration of himself. It seemed that a fatal duel on his account, in return for an insult which he had declined to resent, was all that was necessary to sink him to the lowest depths in the world's esteem, if not in his own. But that was a less insupportable reflection than the situation of Mrs. Denham and the sweet little girl, who were, probably, yet locked in peaceful slumber, unconscious of the thunder-bolt about to fall upon them. He would have gone again to the police, but he had no precise information to give, and he felt sure, too, that it was too late for interference. There was, however, still a hope. It was possible either that chance might interrupt the meeting or that Elkington might fall-or that, if Denham should receive a wound, it might not be mortal. But then the utter recklessness of Denham-his knowledge of Elkington's affair with the cards and the unerring skill, as well as remorseless character of the latter, recurred to him with an agonizing force. As he entered the hotel he saw that there was an unusual confusion. Several waiters were running to and fro. One of them came up to him quickly as soon as he saw him.

"You had better go to Madam Denham."
"Has any thing happened?"

"Mr. Denham has gone off."

"And not yet returned?"

No."

He breathed again. He had felt an unutterable fear on approaching the house.

"Thank God!" he said, "all may yet be well." "The lady is in a bad way, sir; she's very ill." At this moment a voice from a servant at the top of the stairs called out,

"Has Mr. Wyndham come in yet?" "You'd better go to her, sir," said the landlord. "I fear something very dreadful has-"

Claude recovered from a momentary faintness, nerved his heart, and entered the room. All that he had imagined of horrible was surpassed by Mrs. Denham. She was pale as death herself. Her hair hung in disorder about her beautiful and lightly clothed person. Her eyes were distended with

terror, and the little Ellen clung to her bosom, weeping aloud, and winding her arms around her neck affectionately, and repeating,

"Dear sister, my dear, dear sister. He will come, he will come. He will indeed, indeed he will!"

Mrs. Denham's eyes were perfectly dry and starting from her head. She looked an image of tragedy itself. The moment Claude entered she saw him, for her wild eyes were fixed on the door; she sprang up with an hysterical laugh, and, rushing upon him as a lioness on one who had robbed her of her young, she uttered, in tones that pierced his heart and froze his blood, the dreadful words: "Ah! and now then! where's Charles ?" "He is he is-"

66 Is he here? Is he here?"

"No-not here-not this instant."

"Where is he, then? What have you done with him?"

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"What do you know? Speak-as before your God. If you deceive me!"

Claude turned away, and, pressing his extended hand against his forehead, shook as one by the bed of the beloved and the dying.

She released her hold on him, and her hands fell nerveless by her side.

"Then he is dead. Oh God-oh God-I have often feared this." She sank back into a chair. "Charles-my husband-it is a dream-it is impossible."

Claude approached her, and took her cold hand in his.

"My dear friend, hear me. It is too late to deceive you as to what has occurred. Your husband has gone out to comply with a strange custom, but we have no news of him, upon my honour. It is very possible he may return-alive-unhurt. Believe me, dearest madam, there are many reasons to hope-indeed, indeed there are."

"I'm sure there are," said Ellen, climbing up and again winding her arms around her neck, and covering her lips, forehead, and face with kisses. "You do not know any thing, then?" "Nothing."

“And he may return? His step may be heard his beloved image may once more bless my eyes? Hark-hark"-her face lighted up with intense

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[Wyndham repairs to the hotel of Lord Elkington, who offers, as satisfaction, for the murder of his friend, to fight him a proposition which is declined. An intimation follows that the presence of a man who has so little respect for the usages of society is unwelcome, and he goes back to his own lodgings.]

"Has he come home? Is he here? Have you seen him? Have you heard any thing of him?" were the fearful questions from every lip as Claude returned to his hotel.

"Madam Denham is nearly distracted," said the landlord. "She calls for you. Pray go to her." "I dare not," said Claude, with a shudder. "She has demanded to be informed the instant you come in," said the man. "She is in a state of intense excitement and agony. She walks the floor with frantic steps, as pale as a sheet. Sometimes she groans and weeps, sometimes she prays. She's in a terrible way. It's quite dreadful-and the poor little girl, too, is so distressed. My God! what sort of a man must her husband be, to leave her in such a condition?"

A servant here came for Mr. Wyndham. He must go instantly to Madam Denham. It was with a faltering heart that Claude complied with this request, and once more approached the door where so lately he bade adieu to the friend who, perhaps, was now in eternity. As he did so, he heard the hasty steps of the bereaved widow-her deep groans-her bursting sobs. He entered. Her look made him shudder.

"Speak!" cried she. "Charles "
"I know nothing," said Claude.
"Have you seen Lord Elkington?"
Claude hesitated.

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She pressed her hands against her brain. "Ah, cruel, cruel Charles! Is it you who have abandoned me thus? you, who have torn my heart inflicted these horrid pangs? I will no longer wait. I will go seek him."

She rushed to the door.

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My dear, dear sister," said Ellen, "you cannot go. You do not know where he is. You are not dressed. If he were in the street, he would soon be here. If not, where would you go? Stay with me, my dear, dear sister. God will take care of us;" and the sweet child again folded her in her arms, and pressed her ashy cheek against her little bosom.

"He might come, too, during your absence," said the maid respectfully.

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Oh yes! true!" she said, with a frightful smile. Hours passed away as if they were ages. Noon -evening-night-and still Denham came notand no news. Claude had again addressed himself to the police. They were abroad in search of the parties, but they could obtain no intelligence as to where they had gone, or what had become of them. Elkington was not at his lodgings-Lady Beverly had left town the day before for Hamburg, as if in anticipation of some difficulty. It was reported, too, that Elkington, early in the morning, had also gone, but whither no one knew. His escape had been connived at by so many gentlemen, who thought they were aiding a gallant fellow out of an unjust danger, that the police could get no trace of him. Indeed, from many considerations, they conducted the pursuit with no great activity. Although duelling was strictly prohibited in Prussia, and particularly by the great Frederic, whose clear mind had seen all its folly and wickedness, the crime was then-as we fear, alas, it is now -considered as one of those genteel misdemeanours of which a large class of educated, and many excellent men, are rather proud than ashamed. The magistrate who sternly sentences a poor, ignorant creature for having stolen wherewithal to support fainting life, cannot condemn the passionate fool who submits his disagreements with his friends to the chances of mortal combat, and who shows so little respect for himself-his adversary-societyand God, as to stake two lives on a throw, and thus sanction one crime by joining it with another. The police also felt that the parties were Englishmen that securing a surviver in such a case would place them in an awkward dilemma. Lord Elkington's rank and fortune, moreover, threw a sort of exemption over his actions in the public opinion, and it was understood also that the injury had been words offensive to his honour as a gentleman.

Poor Mrs. Denham. It seemed impossible that she could endure the interminable length of this day; but the very intensity of her apprehensions prevented her from sinking into the insensibility which nature would otherwise have provided for her relief. As the night approached, her agony had reached a state of nervous excitement, which rendered it necessary to call in a physician; but she would take nothing, and permit no remedies to be adopted, till she should receive direct intelligence of Mr. Denham.

Nine o'clock struck-ten-eleven-twelve; still Denham came not, and no news of him could be obtained. It was now near one. The widow-for all felt that she was such except herself, and she still hoped-was almost deprived of her senses. At every whisper she started, at every step in the street she trembled. Sometimes the sound of horses' feet would advance from the distance. Her features would light up: the noise approached, and seemed about to stop at the door, but went on, and was lost again in the distance; now a shout in the street startled her now an oath. Sometimes she heard the tramping of the soldiers' feet, as the guard were led round to their posts; and once a party of riotous young men went by, and, by a cruel coincidence, stopped immediately beneath the window, shouting forth a glee, which was interrupted by peals of laughter. Then they departed singing, their voices softening as they retreated, and dying at last utterly away; leaving, they little knew what-silence, solitude, and despair behind them. "Mr. Wyndham," said Mrs. Denham, suddenly, in a voice of sternness, which made him think her senses were failing," you are the cause of this!" My dearest madam-" coward!"

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"You "Great Heaven!"

"You knew my husband had the heart of a lion. You knew he couldn't see his friend abused, and you you meanly took a blow-a blow! a base, blasting blow! and yet you live-coward! and he, my brave, my noble, my lion-hearted Charles, for your infamy has risked his life-which, God in his mercy be praised, is but a risk. He will not perish. It is impossible. He will come. He is wounded, doubtless, but what do I care for wounds? He will come, or he will send for me. I shall nurse him. He will recover; but you, sir, must never look for his friendship again; nor his, nor mine, nor the world's esteem, nor your own. You are a dishonoured man. I had rather be Elkington than you. A blow! coward!"

ham, with a smile of ineffable happiness, and gasping for breath. The new-comer entered. It was again a stranger. A start of horror went round the room, and a low shudder was heard from Mrs. Denham, who buried her face in her hands.

"Mr. Wyndham?" said the stranger, who was a gentleman in dress and appearance.

Claude stepped forward and recognised Beaufort.

"I beg your pardon," said that gentleman, with a polite smile; "will you permit me to have one word with you?"

He cast a glance around upon the rest of the company, but without in the least changing his manner. He was a man of the world, and well knew what he was going to see when he undertook the mission.

Claude followed him into an adjoining chamber. "Devilish painful duty, my dear fellow-dissgreeable thing-in fact, d-d awkward—but—”

"Speak out, and tell me what has happened," said Claude, sternly; "I also have my duties."

"Sir!" said Beaufort, "your tone is very extraordinary, but your excitement excuses any liberty; I have promised to let you know that your friend is hurt."

"Hurt! Oh, Beaufort! Oh, Heaven be praised! is he only hurt?"

"Why, his wound is bad-d-d bad. He-he in short, he's dead, sir."

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Yes, dead enough, sir. This is possibly rather annoying to you. I'm devilish sorry—I am, positively."

"Dead!" echoed Claude, the sound of his friend's living voice ringing in his ears; his beaming, laughing eyes flashing full before his imagination.

"To say the truth, this morning at P. He behaved very well-devilish well-I'm quite sure you'll be glad to hear that. The thing was perfectly well managed, I assure you. Perfectly. Nothing could be handsomer or fairer. Elkington missed

There was suddenly a knock at the door. Mrs. Denham fell back in her chair, laughing hysteri-him the first shot. Devilish odd, too-wasn't it? cally. The intruder was a messenger of the police, to know whether any news had been received of the affair.

One o'clock. The heavy peal went floating and quivering over the silent town, and struck into the hearts of all present, for they now foreboded the worst. The solemn sound, as it died away, called forth new groans, sobs, and hysterical screams. All conversation ceased. There was as little room for remark as for hope or consolation. They sat like those unhappy beings we sometimes read of on a wreck, waiting in mute despair till the broken hulk goes down with them for ever.

Two o'clock struck. Mrs. Denham had sunk into a state of exhaustion, when a sharp, heavy knock announced an end of this suspense. There was decision in it. The door was opened by a servant, and a step was heard in the hall, quick, light, buoyant. It approached, and all eyes were turned toward the door.

"Ah God! he is here at last," cried Mrs. Den

The second he hit him. He's a terrible dog. The j ball went directly through the heart. He leaped six feet in the air, and he was a dead man before he came down. I protest I never saw any thing so handsomely done."

“And I am to bear this news to his wife!" "Certainly! I've done my part. I stood by him to the last, and have brought the corpse in town. It will be here in-let me see, half past two-it'll certainly be three. By-the-way, madam is a finelooking creature. Devilish pretty in that dress. Poor girl! I'm devilish sorry. You'll take good care of her, Wyndham? Egad, you're a lucky dog! Where are you going to have the body put ?"

Did-did my friend leave me no message?" "Oh, apropos-what a forgetful dog I am! Certainly a note for you."

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"Two men. We hired 'em to bring it in town in the carriage. Egad! it's been all day in a windmill. We had to disperse, you see. Elkington's gone this morning at twelve; I start to-night. I shall run over to Carlsbad. This cursed German cuisine plays the devil with one's stomach. Won't you smoke?"

CROSSING THE ALPS.

FROM THE MINUTE BOOK.

OUR journey across the Splugen was, to us, a day memorable for ever. Our recollections are of grandeur-gloomy vastness-awful solitude. The road winds up, and up, and up-a mad stream, white with foam, thundering all day by its side-amid slopes and cliffs, forests and vales-then a plain and poor hut, or a ragged town and some beggars. You pause and rest; and then, again, up and up-winding and turning-sometimes through tremendous ravines-sometimes by magnificent waterfallssometimes along giddy and yawning gulfs-yet, still, always up and up. Then the face of the earth changes, and the grass fades nearly away, and the naked, everlasting rocks lift their gray backs through the soil. The tempests of six thousand years have beaten against them. Now, the road

Claude did not answer. He was reading the note he had just received, which struck his nerves and soul with an agony of horror and grief, traced, as it was, by one now in the grave. "Well-adieu," said Beaufort. "Leben sie wohl, steals through a desert of endless stones, broken mein freund! Au revoir !"

And the young man, lighting his segar and arranging the curls around his forehead, went out.

POVERTY.

FROM THE SAME.

and scattered about-now through a long, dark gallery, wet and dripping-now at the brink of a tremendous precipice, which your imagination would receive as the summit of any mountain; but, anon, the toiling, panting, sweating horses drag you around an angle of rock; and, lo! above you overhang other cliffs and other mountains in the sky; piles, swells and pyramids of snow and ice; and, so near their awful heights as to startle you, the white line runs yet higher and higher, and you believe not that it is your path still so far above you

PERHAPS of all the evils which can befall a man, poverty, if not the very worst, is, as society is constructed, the most difficult to endure with cheerful--and yet it is. The earth is now totally changed, ness, and the most full of bitter humiliations and pains. Sickness has its periods of convalescence, and even guilt of repentance and reformation. For the loss of friends time affords relief, and religion and philosophy open consolation. But poverty is unremitting misery, perplexity, restlessness, and shame. It is the vulture of Prometheus. It is the rock of Sisyphus. It throws over the universal world an aspect which only the poor can see and know.

The woes of life become more terrible, because they fall unalleviated upon the heart; and its pleasures sicken even more than its woes as they are beheld by those who cannot enjoy them. The poor man in society is almost a felon. The cold openly sneer, and the arrogant insult with impunity. The very earth joins his enemies, and spreads verdant glades and tempting woods where his foot may never tread. The very sky, with a human malice, when his fellow-beings have turned him beneath its dome, bites him with bitter winds and drenches him with pitiless tempests. He almost ceases to be a man, and yet he is lower than the brute; for they are clothed and fed, and have their dens; but the penniless wanderer, turned with suspicion from the gate of the noble or the thatched roof of the poor, is helplessly adrift amid more dangers and pains than befall any other

creature.

and the temperature, and atmosphere, and heavens are changed. You wrap your heavy cloak around you in the biting cold. Dark clouds are rolling gloomily over your path, and the white snow shines beneath you, and the winter winds shakes violently the closed glasses of your carriage; and, as the road, still mounting and bending up and up, turns your face now to the right-now to the left-you catch, far below, such awful gleamings of sublime scenery-such dim, wild depths of azure-such forms of cold blue lifted and built up around you in the eternal silence, and shrouded in mist and storm, that your very soul is hushed and chilled, and you feel as if the King of Terrors had here fixed his home; and, were a spectre to stand in your path, or to lean and beckon to you from his car of rolling mist, you would behold him, without starting, for your imagination can scarcely be more excited. A cataract, which, on the plain, would draw all Europe to it, is here no curiosity. Its lonely thunder swells and dies away in the interminable solitude. Twenty times we thought ourselves at the height of this stupendous road, and yet its zigzag course appeared ever mounting far before us up and up, till the cold grew extreme, and the darkness of night overlooked us; and we were completely lost and enveloped in heavy, wet clouds, rolling around us like a mighty ocean.

GEORGE B. CHEEVER.

[Born about 1806.]

of view much the best. It is a genial and very able commentary on the life, character, and writings of the greatest genius except Milton who lived in England in the age of the Puritans. It was perhaps suggested by a work of Southey, who was unfitted by political and ecclesiastical prejudices for doing justice to the unordained priest of Bedford, with whom Dr. Cheever had on nearly every point a very hearty sympathy.

In 1845 Dr. Cheever made a second visit to Europe, and on his return published The Pilgrim in the Shadow of Mont Blanc, and a few months after, The Pilgrim in the Shadow of the Jungfrau.* These are souvenirs of wander

THE Reverend GEORGE B. CHEEVER, D. D., is a native of Hallowell in Maine, and was graduated at Bowdoin College in that state in 1825. After completing his theological studies he was for several years minister of a Congregational church in Salem, Massachusetts, where he made his first appearance as an author in the allegory of Deacon Giles's Distillery, which is as happy in its invention and execution as it is severe and just in its satire. In 1828 he published Studies in Poetry, and in 1829 and 1832 selections from our Poets and Prose Writers, which indicated a large acquaintance and fine taste in literature. In the last mentioned year he prefixed to an edition of the works of Leighton, remarks on the life, charac-ings among the Alps and the cities from which ter, and writings of that prelate, and became a contributor to the North American Review, his best articles in which are on Bunyan, Coleridge, Hebrew Poetry, and the Letters of Junius. He has since written largely in the American Monthly Magazine, The Biblical Repository, The Christian Spectator, The American Quarterly Register, The Literary and Theological Review, and other periodicals, on various subjects of religion and letters, with a keenness of discrimination, force of logic, and elegance of diction, which commanded for his articles the attention of cultivated and thoughtful minds.

In 1837 he went abroad, and passed two years and a half chiefly in Egypt, Turkey, and Southern Europe. On his return he became pastor of the Allen Street Presbyterian Church in the city of New York.

In 1841 he published God's Hand in America; in 1842 Essays on Capital Punishment; in 1843, The Characteristics of a Christian Philosopher, a Discourse in commemoration of the Virtues and Attainments of James Marsh, and The Elements of National Greatness, a Discourse before the New England Society; in 1844 Lectures on Hierarchical Despotism; and in 1845 Lectures on The Pilgrim's Progress and the Life and Times of John Bunyan. The general character of all these works will be rightly inferred from the titles. That on Bunyan is the longest, and in a literary point

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they can be discerned, written in a style singularly glowing and picturesque, and indicating a quick perception and enthusiastic love of the grand and beautiful in nature. It has been complained of Dr. Cheever that he introduces too frequently his religious opinions, and is too apt to find "sermons" in every thing he hears or sees. But a traveller who has no individuality has no merit; one who does not worship when he comes into the presence of the sublimest works of God is no Christian; and one who can regard without a feeling of indignation a people oppressed and debased by a political and religious despotism is no American. "A pilgrim may wander all over the earth," says Dr. Cheever, "and find no spot where men are bound to God by so many ties of mercy as we are in our own dear native country, or where old and young, rich and poor, have so much cause for heartfelt rejoicing." He sees all other lands in the light of his own, and in this respect contrasts finely with those weak-minded Americans who excite so much contempt when abroad by obtrusive exhibitions of their want of patriotism. His worst fault is an occasional carelessness or undignified familiarity of diction, which may perhaps be attributed to hasty preparation for the press.

* Volumes XI. and XL. of Wiley & Putnam's Library of American Books.

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