request for the payment of money or for the delivery or transfer of any goods or chattels, or of any note, bill or other security for the payment of money, or for procuring or giving credit, or any endorsement on or assignment of any such undertaking, warrant, order, authority or request, or any accountable receipt, acquittance or receipt for money or for goods, or for any note, bill or other security for the payment of money, or any endorsement on or assignment of any such accountable receipt, or any account, book or thing, written or printed or otherwise made capable of being read.

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ARTICLE 499.

STAMPS.

Every one is guilty of felony and liable to twentyone years' imprisonment who

(a.) forges, counterfeits or imitates, or procures to be forged, counterfeited or imitated any stamp or stamped paper, issued or authorized to be used by any Act of the

[pike ticket is a receipt; R. v. Fitch, L. & C. 159. A bank pass book is an accountable receipt; R. v. Smith, L. & C. 168; R. v. Moody, L. & C. 173. A guarantee against negligence and dishonesty is an "undertaking for the payment of money;" R. v. Joyce, L. & C. 576.] A pawnbroker's ticket is a warrant for the delivery of goods; R. v. Morrison, Bell, C. C. 158.] A statement of account, such as a bank receives from other banks having business connection with it, and containing an acknowledgment of the receipt of money to be accounted for is an accountable receipt; Ex parte De Baun, 4 M. L. R 145. Ex parte Stanbro, 2 Man. L. R. 1, is an instance of the forgery of a receipt. An order not addressed to any one may be an order for the payment of money, if it appears for whom it was intended; R. v. Parker, 15 U. C. C. P. 15. A forges B's name on the back of a check payable to B's order, A does not forge an order for the payment of money; by Fournier, Henry, and Taschereau, JJ. (Ritchie, C. J., and Strong, J., dissenting), in Cunningham v. R., Cassels's Digest, 107, reversing R. v. Cunningham, 6 R. & G. 31. R. v. Tuke, 17 U. C. Q. B. 296 and R. v. Steel 13 U. C. C. P. 619 afford illustrations of orders for the payment of money; and R. v. Reopelle, 20 U. C. Q. B. 260 of a mere request.

1 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 17; 33 & 34 Vict. c. 98, s. 18.

As to similar offences in respect of Canadian, British, Colonial or Foreign postage stamps, and forging, counterfeiting, or unlawfully using franks, &c., see R. S. C. c. 35, s. 86, under which the offender is liable to imprisonment for life, or for any term not less than five years. See also R. S. C. c. 101, s. 45 as to forging, &c., certificate purporting to be issued under The Gas Inspection Act, or any stamp to be affixed thereto.

Parliament of Canada, or of the Legislature of any Province of Canada, by means whereof any duty thereby imposed may be paid, or any part or portion of any such stamp; or

(b.) knowingly uses, offers, sells or exposes for sale any such forged, counterfeited or imitated stamp; or

(c.) engraves, cuts, sinks or makes any plate, die or other thing whereby to make or imitate such stamp or any part or portion thereof, except by permission of an officer or person who, being duly authorized in that behalf by the Government of Canada or of any Province of Canada, may lawfully grant such permission; or

(d.) has possession of any such plate, die or thing, without such permission, or, without such permission, uses or has possession of any such plate, die or thing lawfully engraved, cut or made; or

(e.) tears off or removes from any instrument, on which a duty is payable, any stamp by which such duty has been wholly or in part paid, or removes from any such stamp any writing or mark indicating that it has been used for or towards the payment of any such duty.

1 ARTICLE 500.

DEBENTURES ISSUED UNDER ANY LAWFUL AUTHORITY.

2 Every one is guilty of felony, and liable to fourteen years' imprisonment, who forges or fraudulently alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or fraudulently altered, any debenture issued under any lawful authority whatsoever, either within Her Majesty's dominions or elsewhere.

1 S. D. Art. 360 (a.)

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 32; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 26. The offender is liable to imprisonment for life if the debenture is issued under the authority of an Act of the Parliament of Canada or of the Legislature of any Province of Canada; Art. 498 (a.)

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1 ARTICLE 501.

FORGERY OF FOREIGN BILLS, AND OTHER OFFENCES
RESPECTING THE SAME.

Every one is guilty of felony, and liable to fourteen years' imprisonment, who

(a.) forges or alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or altered, any bill of exchange, promissory note, undertaking or order for payment of money, in whatsoever language the same is expressed, and whether the same is or is not under seal3 purporting to be the bill, note, undertaking or order of any foreign prince or state, or of any minister or officer in the service of any foreign prince or state, or of any body corporate or body of the like nature, constituted or recognized by any foreign prince or state, or of any person or company of persons resident in any country not under the dominion of Her Majesty; or

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(b.) without lawful authority or excuse, the proof whereof shall lie on him, engraves, or in anywise makes upon any plate whatsoever, or upon any wood, stone or other material, any such document or any part thereof; or

(c.) uses or knowingly has in his custody or possession any plate, stone, wood or other material, upon which any such foreign bill, note, undertaking or order, or any part thereof is engraved or made; or

(d.) knowingly offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, or has in his custody or possession any paper upon which any part of any such foreign bill, note, undertaking or order is made or printed.

1 S. D. Art. 362 (ƒ.)

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 25; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 19.

3 In the clause of the Act that is represented by (b.) the words are

is or is not, or is or is not intended to be, under seal."

whether the same

4[Taking a positive impression of an Austrian note on glass by photography is a "making" within this section; R. v. Rinaldi, L. & C. 330.]

1 ARTICLE 502.

FORGERY OF NOTARIAL

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INSTRUMENTS AND DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE REGISTRATION OF TITLE, ETC.

Every one is guilty of felony and liable to fourteen years' imprisonment, who

(a.) forges or fraudulently alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or fraudulently altered,

(i.) any notarial act or instrument or copy, purporting to be an authenticated copy thereof or any procès verbal of a surveyor, or like copy thereof; or

(ii) any duplicate of any instrument, or any memorial, affidavit, affirmation, entry, certificate, endorsement, document or writing, made or issued under the provisions of any Act of the Parliament of Canada, or of the Legisla ture of any Province of Canada, for or relating to the registry of deeds or other instruments or documents respecting or concerning the title to or claims upon any real or personal property whatsoever, or forges or counterfeits the seal of or belonging to any office for the registry of deeds or other instruments as aforesaid, or any stamp or impression of any such seal; or

(b.) forges any name, handwriting or signature, purporting to be the name, handwriting or signature of any person to any such memorial, affidavit, affirmation, entry, certificate, endorsement, document or writing required or directed to be signed by or by virtue of any such Act; or

(c.) offers, utters, disposes of or puts off any such memorial or other writing, having thereon any such forged stamp or impression of any such seal, or any such forged name, handwriting or signature, knowing the same to be forged.

1 S. D. Art. 360 (b.)

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 38; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 31.

1 ARTICLE 503.

FORGERY OF PUBLIC REGISTERS OR BOOKS-FALSE COPIES

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THEREOF.

Every one is guilty of felony, and liable to fourteen years' imprisonment, who forges or counterfeits or alters any public register or book appointed by law to be made or kept or any entry therein, or wilfully certifies or utters any writing as and for a true copy of such public register or book or of any entry therein, knowing such writing to be counterfeited.

2 ARTICLE 504.

FORGERY OF CERTAIN JUDICIAL DOCUMENTS.

Every one is guilty of felony, and liable to fourteen. years' imprisonment in case (a.) and to three years' imprisonment in case (b.), who, with intent to defraud, forges or alters, or offers, utters, disposes of or puts off, knowing the same to be forged or altered,

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(a.) any certificate, report, entry, endorsement, declaration of trust, note, direction, authority, instrument or writing made or purporting or appearing to be made by any judge, commissioner, clerk or other officer of any court in Canada, or the name, handwriting or signature of any such judge, commissioner, clerk or other officer; or (b.) any summons, conviction, order or warrant, of any justice of the peace, or any recognizance purporting to have been entered into before any justice of the peace or other officer authorized to take the same, or any examination, deposition, affidavit, affirmation or solemn declaration, taken or made before any justice of the peace.

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1S. D. Arts. 360 (c.), 361 (g.)

2 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 7. As to register of births, &c., see Art. 496.

3 R. S. C. c. 165, s. 40; 24 & 25 Vict. c. 98, s. 33.

R. S. C. c. 165, s. 39; 24 & 25 Vict. c 98, s. 32.